Ionic compatibilization of cellulose nanocrystals with quaternary ...
Supporting Information
Ionic compatibilization of cellulose nanocrystals with quaternary ammonium salt and their melt extrusion with polypropylene Malladi Nagalakshmaiah, †, ‡, §,∥ Nadia El Kissi, †, ‡ and Alain Dufresne§,∥∗ †
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France
‡
CNRS, LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France
§
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000, Grenoble, France
∥
CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
Corresponding Author ∗ Alain Dufresne, Email: [email protected]. Address: The International School of Paper, Print Media and Biomaterials (Pagora), CS10065, 38402 Saint Martin d'Hères Cedex, France. Tel.: +33 476826995; fax: +33 476826933.
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Figure S1. UV transmittance spectra for neat extruded PP (—) and nanocomposites reinforced with 3 wt% CNC (---), and 1 wt% (—), 3 wt% (—), 6 wt% (—), and 10 wt% MCNC (—).
Figure S2. DSC thermograms for neat PP, neat extruded PP (PPEx) and nanocomposites reinforced with CNC and M-CNC.
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100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
Figure S3. SEM images of the surface of the extruded films: neat PP (a), and PP nanocomposites reinforced with 3 wt% unmodified CNC (b), and 1 wt% (c), 3 wt% (d), 6 wt% (e) and 10 wt % (f) CNC modified with quaternary ammonium salt.
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Ionic compatibilization of cellulose nanocrystals with quaternary ammonium salt and their melt extrusion with polypropylene Malladi Nagalakshmaiah, †, ‡, §,∥ Nadia El Kissi, †, ‡ and Alain Dufresne§,∥∗ †
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France
‡
CNRS, LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France
§
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000, Grenoble, France
∥
CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
Corresponding Author ∗ Alain Dufresne, Email: [email protected]. Address: The International School of Paper, Print Media and Biomaterials (Pagora), CS10065, 38402 Saint Martin d'Hères Cedex, France. Tel.: +33 476826995; fax: +33 476826933.
S1
Figure S1. UV transmittance spectra for neat extruded PP (—) and nanocomposites reinforced with 3 wt% CNC (---), and 1 wt% (—), 3 wt% (—), 6 wt% (—), and 10 wt% MCNC (—).
Figure S2. DSC thermograms for neat PP, neat extruded PP (PPEx) and nanocomposites reinforced with CNC and M-CNC.
S2
100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
100 µm
Figure S3. SEM images of the surface of the extruded films: neat PP (a), and PP nanocomposites reinforced with 3 wt% unmodified CNC (b), and 1 wt% (c), 3 wt% (d), 6 wt% (e) and 10 wt % (f) CNC modified with quaternary ammonium salt.
S3
