ISSF Stainless Steel in Figures - International Stainless Steel Forum
Stainless Steel in Figures 2017
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 2
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Contents History and Competition
Potential
Compound annual growth rate of world stainless melt shop production
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Regional share of stainless steel production
Per capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel for selected countries.
Stainless steel production versus plastics production Compound annual growth rate of major metals
GDP PPP per capita versus stainless steel use per capita.
Actual Performance
Comparison of direct stainless steel use versus total stainless steel use
Stainless melt shop production
Stainless steel use per sector - 2016
Stainless melt shop production by quarter Stainless steel foreign trade Apparent stainless steel use by region Stainless melt shop production by region Stainless melt shop production by grade Stainless melt shop production by quarter
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ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 3
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Secretary-General’s Message Dear Members This is the sixth in what is now a regular series of Annual Statistical Publications, known as “Stainless Steel in Figures”. JOHN ROWE Secretary-General It is commonly and openly acknowledged that we have the most accurate and reliable data in the stainless steel industry – and it is logical that this should be so. No-one knows our industry as well as our members and we are the focal point for the collection and analysis of the statistical data which forms the substance of this book. But this information only acquires a value if it is used. There is a wealth of data on our Extranet and our Website, with appropriate historical information. This book summarises what is available, but you are encouraged to make regular use of our database. If you do not have a password to gain access to our extranet, or if you have had one and cannot find it, please contact Jo ([email protected]) and she will send you fresh access details.
Following the successful introduction of statistical data from our colleagues in the raw materials’ associations in 2015, this has now become a regular feature. It has the advantage of providing readers with a ready reference source of all statistical information about stainless steel and its essential elements in one book. We acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of our raw materials partners in the Team Stainless network for their assistance in providing their up-dated data for this book. We are grateful to the International Chrome Development Association (ICDA), the International Nickel Study Group (INSG) and the International Molybdenum Association (IMOA) all of whom continue to openly share their information with us. We kindly remind readers that the raw materials data is confidential and is for the use of ISSF members and the members of the contributing associations only. That information should please not be re-published without the express permission of the associations and any republication must include the applicable source – ISSF, ICDA, INSG or IMOA. Of course, the stainless steel data belongs to you as members of the ISSF and you are welcome to use it as you wish.
If any of you have any comments or suggestions on how this book may be improved for future editions, or perhaps on other information which you would like us to include, please let me know. John Rowe Secretary-General, International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF) Brussels, May 2017
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 4
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Compound annual growth rate of world stainless melt shop production (slab/ingot equivalent)
Figure 1
Million metric tonnes (Mt)
Compound annual growth: 5.86%
45.8Mt (2015)
1 Mt 1950
2016
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 5
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Regional share of stainless steel production
Figure 2
Rest of World 3%
Rest of World 1%
EU-27 16%
China 13% EU-27 34%
Americas 6% China 54%
2005 Other Asia (excluding China) 39%
2016 Other Asia (excluding China) 22%
Americas 11%
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 6
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Stainless steel production versus plastics production.
Figure 3
400
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41.5 Mt (2015)
Index: 1990 = 100
350
300
250 Stainless Steel 200
150 Plastics 100
6.9 Mt
50 1980
2015
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 7
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Figure 4
Compound annual growth rate of major metals (%/year): 1980 - 2016
Average: 2.40%
Lead: 2.00%
Copper: 2.73%
Zinc: 2.25%
Aluminium: 3.80%
Carbon Steel: 2.31%
Stainless Steel: 5.40%
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ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 8
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Table 1 Stainless melt shop production (ingot/slab equivalent) in 1,000 metric tonnes. Note: A major correction of Chinese data in 2011 means data from 2011 onwards is not comparable with earlier years. Country/region
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Belgium
1,306
1,241
1,241
1,298
1,388
Belgium/Austria Finland
998
1,003
1,078
1,080
2016
1,607
1,672
2,215
2,327
1,216
Finland/Sweden/UK France
2015
276
300
285
300
323
291
287
Germany
1,509
1,502
1,313
1,091
864
459
414
Italy
1,583
1,602
1,696
1,556
1,457
1,452
1,421
Spain
844
807
844
855
945
979
1,002
Sweden
546
586
510
501
541
United Kingdom
279
330
294
257
295
Other EU
152
188
195
211
223
165
157
European Union
7,494
7,559
7,455
7,147
7,252
7,169
7,280
USA
2,201
2,074
1,977
2,030
2,389
2,346
2,481
409
413
391
425
424
401
450
Americas
2,609
2,486
2,368
2,454
2,813
2,747
2,931
Japan
3,427
3,247
3,166
3,175
3,328
3,061
3,093
South Korea
2,048
2,157
2,167
2,143
2,038
2,231
2,276
Taiwan, China
1,514
1,203
1,107
1,067
1,108
1,109
1,263
China
11,256
14,091
16,087
18,984
21,692
21,562
24,938
India
2,022
2,163
2,834
2,891
2,858
3,060
3,324
Asia
20,267
22,861
25,361
28,260
31,025
31,024
34,894
South Africa
480
443
503
492
472
514
582
Russia
122
125
112
152
123
95
90
Ukraine
118
147
118
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
31,090
33,621
35,917
38,506
41,686
41,548
45,778
Brazil
World
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 9
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Table 2 Stainless melt shop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by quarter in 1,000 metric tonnes: 2015 compared to 2016
Quarter 1
Quarter 2
First half
Quarter 3
Quarter 4
Second half
Full year
Western Europe/ Africa
Central & Eastern Europe
The Americas
Asia (excluding China)
China
World
2015
2,007
64
768
2,366
5,015
10,220
2016
1,958
65
642
2,395
5,214
10,274
% change
-2.4
0.7
-16.4
1.2
4.0
0.5
2015
2,058
69
685
2,318
5,852
10,982
2016
2,047
61
722
2,447
6,551
11,827
% change
-0.6
-10.6
5.3
5.5
11.9
7.7
2015
4,065
133
1,453
4,684
10,867
21,202
2016
4,005
126
1,363
4,842
11,765
22,102
% change
-1.5
-5.1
-6.2
3.4
8.3
4.2
2015
1,673
65
693
2,392
5,371
10,195
2016
1,761
63
815
2,524
6,321
11,483
% change
5.3
-3.4
17.6
5.5
17.7
12.6
2015
1,780
61
601
2,385
5,324
10,152
2016
1,939
58
753
2,590
6,852
12,193
% change
8.9
-4.8
25.2
8.6
28.7
20.1
2015
3,453
126
1,294
4,777
10,696
20,346
2016
3,700
121
1,568
5,115
13,172
23,676
% change
7.1
-4.1
21.2
7.1
23.2
16.4
2015
7,518
259
2,747
9,461
21,562
41,548
2016
7,705
247
2,931
9,957
24,938
45,778
% change
2.5
-4.6
6.7
5.2
15.7
10.2
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 10
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Figure 5
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Stainless steel foreign trade
Hot plate and sheet 6.6%
Hot plate and sheet 6.7%
Hot coils 27.0%
Hot coils 28.7% Cold rolled flat 47.7%
2014
Semis flat 1.1% Cold bars/wire 7.2% Hot bars/wire rod 8.2%
Semis long 2.1%
Cold rolled flat 47.2%
2016
Semis flat 1.2% Cold bars/wire 6.8% Hot bars/wire rod 7.9%
Semis long 1.6%
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 11
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Table 3 Foreign trade exports of stainless steel in 1,000 metric tonnes. Includes feedstock material for further processing. Note: *Indicated imports from that region 2015
Destination
Africa
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
107.2
13.1
29.5
9.8
23.8
1.7
138.7
334.7
103.2
4,951.6
137.5
139.8
215.5
484.3
72.7
1,386.2
7,490.9
Eastern Europe
0.0
3.8
22.5
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.0
12.3
40.9
Latin America
2.8
25.7
2.6
41.2
4.3
15.7
0.4
36.6
129.3
Middle East*
0.0
3.2
0.0
0.0
n/a
4.1
0.6
1.1
9.0
NAFTA
0.7
81.6
0.2
32.9
2.6
659.0
0.8
133.5
911.3
Australia/Oceania
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
3.6
76.8
435.9
95.6
48.9
60.8
376.4
19.8
7,269.6
8,383.9
194.6
5,611.4
271.4
292.4
293.0
1,566.2
96.3
8,978.3
17,303.6
Asia
Western Europe Total
2016
Destination
Africa
Eastern Europe
Asia
Latin America
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
10.6
147.6
29.4
37.7
18.9
19.2
1.2
157.9
422.5
115.7
5,611.8
191.2
141.0
221.8
449.7
71.6
1,584.6
8,387.4
Eastern Europe
0.0
4.3
23.9
0.0
0.0
1.9
0.0
15.2
45.3
Latin America
2.4
19.0
3.7
44.3
3.3
27.8
0.3
39.8
140.5
Middle East
0.1
6.3
0.0
0.0
50.2
0.7
0.0
1.7
59.0
NAFTA
0.9
74.6
0.1
22.7
2.7
724.5
1.4
90.8
917.8
Australia/Oceania
0.0
2.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
1.3
0.5
4.4
72.9
433.4
95.7
39.0
52.9
356.0
16.9
7,467.1
8,533.8
202.6
6,299.1
344.1
284.7
349.9
1,580.1
92.8
9,357.6
18,510.9
Africa Asia Origin
Latin America
11.0
Africa
Origin
Eastern Europe
Asia
Western Europe Total
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 12
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Table 4 Foreign trade exports of stainless steel scrap in 1,000 metric tonnes. Includes feedstock material for further processing. Note: *Indicated imports from that region 2015
Destination
Origin
Africa
Eastern Europe
Asia
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
Africa
0.0
14.2
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.3
1.5
16.5
Asia
1.2
647.5
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.0
21.1
670.5
Eastern Europe
0.0
3.5
0.3
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
84.3
89.3
Latin America
0.0
30.2
0.0
0.4
0.0
2.6
0.0
35.5
68.9
Middle East*
0.0
80.4
0.0
0.0
n/a
0.0
0.0
11.4
91.8
NAFTA
0.0
524.6
0.0
1.9
1.1
209.2
0.1
64.8
801.7
Australia/Oceania
0.0
49.8
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
1.7
51.7
Western Europe
0.6
365.8
1.5
0.1
1.2
0.9
0.0
3,172.5
3,542.5
Total
1.8
1,716.0
1.8
3.7
3.3
213.0
0.5
3,392.8
5,332.9
2016
Destination
Africa
Origin
Latin America
Eastern Europe
Asia
Latin America
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
Africa
0.0
7.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
6.1
13.3
Asia
1.8
744.7
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.0
16.6
763.8
Eastern Europe
0.0
5.8
1.5
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
97.9
105.5
Latin America
0.0
24.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
35.3
60.5
Middle East*
0.0
87.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.8
98.1
NAFTA
0.1
515.8
0.0
1.4
0.8
452.2
0.1
30.9
1,001.3
Australia/Oceania
0.0
63.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.4
2.6
66.0
Western Europe
0.0
318.9
5.7
0.0
1.7
1.8
0.1
2,917.2
3,245.4
Total
1.9
1,766.7
7.2
1.9
2.9
455.6
0.5
3,117.3
5,353.9
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 13
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Figure 6
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Apparent stainless steel use by region.
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
2006
2007
Western Europe
2008
2009
2010
Central/Eastern Europe
2011 Americas
2012
2013
2014
Asia excluding China
2015 China
2016 Others
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 14
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Figure 7
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Stainless melt shop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by region in 1,000 metric tonnes
45 40 35 30
31.094 28.706
28.146 26.218
24.904
25 20 15 10 5 0
2006
2007
Western Europe
2008
2009
2010
Central/Eastern Europe
Major correction of Chinese data for 2011, not comparable with previous years
45.778 41.686
41.548
2014
2015
38.506 35.917 33.621
2011 Americas
2012
2013
Asia excluding China
2016 China
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 15
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Stainless meltshop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by grade.
Figure 8
Major correction of Chinese data for 2011, not comparable with previous years
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2006
2007
2008
2009
CrNi grades (300-series)
2010
2011
2012
CrMn grades (200 series)
2013
2014
2015
Q1
Cr grades (400 series)
Q2
Q3
Q4
2016
Other/not known
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 16
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Figure 9
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Stainless meltshop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by quarter in 1,000 metric tonnes
Major correction of Chinese data for 2011, not comparable with previous years
13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 2006
Quarter 1
2007
2008
2009
2010
Quarter 2
2011
2012
2013
Quarter 3
2014
2015
2016
Quarter 4
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 17
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Figure 10
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Stainless steel consumption (000t) 2500
_ ? __ ← →
Stainless steel demand index (2010=100)
Europe/Africa
2500
Americas 230
120 2000
2000
190 100 1500
1500
150 80 1000
1000
110 60
500
500
70 40
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 18
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Figure 11
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Stainless steel consumption (000t) 4500
_ ? __ ← →
Stainless steel demand index (2010=100)
Asia 220
4000
200
3500
180 160
3000 140 2500
120
2000
100
5500
China
5000 180
4500 4000
160
3500
140
3000
120
2500 100
80
1500
60
2000 80
1500
1000
500
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
40
1000
20
500 0
60
40 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 19
BACK
Figure 12
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Stainless steel consumption (000t) 10500
Stainless steel demand index (2010=100)
World 150
9450 125
8400 7350
100 6300 5250
75
4200 50
3150 2100
25 1050 0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
0
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POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 20
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Per capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel (kg/capita) for selected countries. Source: IMF, Yale
Figure 13
35
2005
2010
30
25
20
15
10
sia do
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a In
di In
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ex ico M
ss ia Ru
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a in Ch
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Af
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Fr an ce
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en
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Ko
Sw ed
Ge
So u
Ta i
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5
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 21
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GDP PPP per capita versus stainless steel use per capita. Source: IMF, ISSF, Yale.
Figure 14
US$60000
US$60000
US$55000
US$55000
US$50000
USA
US$50000
USA
Australia
US$45000
Germany
US$45000
Australia
US$40000
France
US$40000
UK Germany
UK
US$35000
Japan
France
Korea
US$20000
US$20000
Russia
2010
5
Turkey Mexico Brazil
Thailand China South Africa Indonesia
US$10000
India
Indonesia India
0
Russia
US$15000
Mexico Turkey Brazil South Africa Thailand China
US$5000
Korea
US$30000
US$25000
US$10000
Italy
US$35000
US$25000
US$15000
Japan
Spain
Italy
Spain
US$30000
Taiwan, China
Taiwan, China
US$5000
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0
2014
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 22
_ ? __ ← →
BACK
Comparison of direct stainless steel use (mill products) versus total stainless steel use (plus trade balance of stainless containing goods). Source: IMF, Yale, Vale Inco
Figure 15 45
45
40
40
Direct use
35
Total use
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
A
UK
US
wa
i Ta
2005
na
hi
C n,
n
ai
Sp
So
u
th
a ric
Af
ia ss
Ru
n ico orea pa ex K Ja
M
ly
Ita
a
y
di
In
an
G
m er
Direct use
35
ce
an Fr
a
in
Ch
il
az Br
Total use
A
UK
US
wa
i Ta
2010
na
hi
C n,
n
ai
Sp
So
u
th
a ric
Af
ia ss
Ru
n ico orea pa ex K Ja
M
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Ita
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a
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Ch
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POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 23
BACK
Figure 16
_ ? __ ← →
Stainless steel use per sector - 2016
Electrical machinery 7.7%
Motor vehicles and parts 9.6%
Mechanical engineering 27.8% Metal products 37.8%
Motor vehicles in developed countries 19.0%
Other transport 4.9% Construction 12.2%
Motor vehicles in developing countries 5.1%
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 24
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Data sources Unless otherwise indicated, all data in this booklet has been provided by the International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF). Data has also been provided by: 1. International Monetary Fund (IMF) 2. Vale Inco 3. Yale University: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies (Reck et al.)
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ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 25
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About ISSF The International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF) is a non-profit research and development organisation which was founded in 1996 and which serves as the focal point for the international stainless steel industry.
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Contact us [email protected] +32 2 702 89 00
Who are the members? ISSF has two categories of membership: company members and affiliated members. Company members are producers of stainless steel (integrated mills and rerollers). The association has 56 members from all over the world and currently represents approximately 90% of the total production of stainless steel.
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More information
For more information about ISSF, please consult our website worldstainless.org.
For more information about stainless steel and sustainability, please consult the sustainablestainless.org website.
Disclaimer The International Stainless Steel Forum believes that the information presented is technically correct. However, ISSF, its members, staff and consultants specifically disclaim any and all liability or responsibility of any kind for loss, damage, or injury resulting from the use of the information contained in this brochure.
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ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 2
BACK
Contents History and Competition
Potential
Compound annual growth rate of world stainless melt shop production
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Regional share of stainless steel production
Per capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel for selected countries.
Stainless steel production versus plastics production Compound annual growth rate of major metals
GDP PPP per capita versus stainless steel use per capita.
Actual Performance
Comparison of direct stainless steel use versus total stainless steel use
Stainless melt shop production
Stainless steel use per sector - 2016
Stainless melt shop production by quarter Stainless steel foreign trade Apparent stainless steel use by region Stainless melt shop production by region Stainless melt shop production by grade Stainless melt shop production by quarter
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ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 3
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Secretary-General’s Message Dear Members This is the sixth in what is now a regular series of Annual Statistical Publications, known as “Stainless Steel in Figures”. JOHN ROWE Secretary-General It is commonly and openly acknowledged that we have the most accurate and reliable data in the stainless steel industry – and it is logical that this should be so. No-one knows our industry as well as our members and we are the focal point for the collection and analysis of the statistical data which forms the substance of this book. But this information only acquires a value if it is used. There is a wealth of data on our Extranet and our Website, with appropriate historical information. This book summarises what is available, but you are encouraged to make regular use of our database. If you do not have a password to gain access to our extranet, or if you have had one and cannot find it, please contact Jo ([email protected]) and she will send you fresh access details.
Following the successful introduction of statistical data from our colleagues in the raw materials’ associations in 2015, this has now become a regular feature. It has the advantage of providing readers with a ready reference source of all statistical information about stainless steel and its essential elements in one book. We acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of our raw materials partners in the Team Stainless network for their assistance in providing their up-dated data for this book. We are grateful to the International Chrome Development Association (ICDA), the International Nickel Study Group (INSG) and the International Molybdenum Association (IMOA) all of whom continue to openly share their information with us. We kindly remind readers that the raw materials data is confidential and is for the use of ISSF members and the members of the contributing associations only. That information should please not be re-published without the express permission of the associations and any republication must include the applicable source – ISSF, ICDA, INSG or IMOA. Of course, the stainless steel data belongs to you as members of the ISSF and you are welcome to use it as you wish.
If any of you have any comments or suggestions on how this book may be improved for future editions, or perhaps on other information which you would like us to include, please let me know. John Rowe Secretary-General, International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF) Brussels, May 2017
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 4
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Compound annual growth rate of world stainless melt shop production (slab/ingot equivalent)
Figure 1
Million metric tonnes (Mt)
Compound annual growth: 5.86%
45.8Mt (2015)
1 Mt 1950
2016
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 5
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Regional share of stainless steel production
Figure 2
Rest of World 3%
Rest of World 1%
EU-27 16%
China 13% EU-27 34%
Americas 6% China 54%
2005 Other Asia (excluding China) 39%
2016 Other Asia (excluding China) 22%
Americas 11%
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 6
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Stainless steel production versus plastics production.
Figure 3
400
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41.5 Mt (2015)
Index: 1990 = 100
350
300
250 Stainless Steel 200
150 Plastics 100
6.9 Mt
50 1980
2015
HISTORY AND COMPETITION
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 7
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Figure 4
Compound annual growth rate of major metals (%/year): 1980 - 2016
Average: 2.40%
Lead: 2.00%
Copper: 2.73%
Zinc: 2.25%
Aluminium: 3.80%
Carbon Steel: 2.31%
Stainless Steel: 5.40%
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ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 8
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Table 1 Stainless melt shop production (ingot/slab equivalent) in 1,000 metric tonnes. Note: A major correction of Chinese data in 2011 means data from 2011 onwards is not comparable with earlier years. Country/region
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Belgium
1,306
1,241
1,241
1,298
1,388
Belgium/Austria Finland
998
1,003
1,078
1,080
2016
1,607
1,672
2,215
2,327
1,216
Finland/Sweden/UK France
2015
276
300
285
300
323
291
287
Germany
1,509
1,502
1,313
1,091
864
459
414
Italy
1,583
1,602
1,696
1,556
1,457
1,452
1,421
Spain
844
807
844
855
945
979
1,002
Sweden
546
586
510
501
541
United Kingdom
279
330
294
257
295
Other EU
152
188
195
211
223
165
157
European Union
7,494
7,559
7,455
7,147
7,252
7,169
7,280
USA
2,201
2,074
1,977
2,030
2,389
2,346
2,481
409
413
391
425
424
401
450
Americas
2,609
2,486
2,368
2,454
2,813
2,747
2,931
Japan
3,427
3,247
3,166
3,175
3,328
3,061
3,093
South Korea
2,048
2,157
2,167
2,143
2,038
2,231
2,276
Taiwan, China
1,514
1,203
1,107
1,067
1,108
1,109
1,263
China
11,256
14,091
16,087
18,984
21,692
21,562
24,938
India
2,022
2,163
2,834
2,891
2,858
3,060
3,324
Asia
20,267
22,861
25,361
28,260
31,025
31,024
34,894
South Africa
480
443
503
492
472
514
582
Russia
122
125
112
152
123
95
90
Ukraine
118
147
118
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
31,090
33,621
35,917
38,506
41,686
41,548
45,778
Brazil
World
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 9
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Table 2 Stainless melt shop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by quarter in 1,000 metric tonnes: 2015 compared to 2016
Quarter 1
Quarter 2
First half
Quarter 3
Quarter 4
Second half
Full year
Western Europe/ Africa
Central & Eastern Europe
The Americas
Asia (excluding China)
China
World
2015
2,007
64
768
2,366
5,015
10,220
2016
1,958
65
642
2,395
5,214
10,274
% change
-2.4
0.7
-16.4
1.2
4.0
0.5
2015
2,058
69
685
2,318
5,852
10,982
2016
2,047
61
722
2,447
6,551
11,827
% change
-0.6
-10.6
5.3
5.5
11.9
7.7
2015
4,065
133
1,453
4,684
10,867
21,202
2016
4,005
126
1,363
4,842
11,765
22,102
% change
-1.5
-5.1
-6.2
3.4
8.3
4.2
2015
1,673
65
693
2,392
5,371
10,195
2016
1,761
63
815
2,524
6,321
11,483
% change
5.3
-3.4
17.6
5.5
17.7
12.6
2015
1,780
61
601
2,385
5,324
10,152
2016
1,939
58
753
2,590
6,852
12,193
% change
8.9
-4.8
25.2
8.6
28.7
20.1
2015
3,453
126
1,294
4,777
10,696
20,346
2016
3,700
121
1,568
5,115
13,172
23,676
% change
7.1
-4.1
21.2
7.1
23.2
16.4
2015
7,518
259
2,747
9,461
21,562
41,548
2016
7,705
247
2,931
9,957
24,938
45,778
% change
2.5
-4.6
6.7
5.2
15.7
10.2
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 10
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Figure 5
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Stainless steel foreign trade
Hot plate and sheet 6.6%
Hot plate and sheet 6.7%
Hot coils 27.0%
Hot coils 28.7% Cold rolled flat 47.7%
2014
Semis flat 1.1% Cold bars/wire 7.2% Hot bars/wire rod 8.2%
Semis long 2.1%
Cold rolled flat 47.2%
2016
Semis flat 1.2% Cold bars/wire 6.8% Hot bars/wire rod 7.9%
Semis long 1.6%
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 11
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Table 3 Foreign trade exports of stainless steel in 1,000 metric tonnes. Includes feedstock material for further processing. Note: *Indicated imports from that region 2015
Destination
Africa
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
107.2
13.1
29.5
9.8
23.8
1.7
138.7
334.7
103.2
4,951.6
137.5
139.8
215.5
484.3
72.7
1,386.2
7,490.9
Eastern Europe
0.0
3.8
22.5
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.0
12.3
40.9
Latin America
2.8
25.7
2.6
41.2
4.3
15.7
0.4
36.6
129.3
Middle East*
0.0
3.2
0.0
0.0
n/a
4.1
0.6
1.1
9.0
NAFTA
0.7
81.6
0.2
32.9
2.6
659.0
0.8
133.5
911.3
Australia/Oceania
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
3.6
76.8
435.9
95.6
48.9
60.8
376.4
19.8
7,269.6
8,383.9
194.6
5,611.4
271.4
292.4
293.0
1,566.2
96.3
8,978.3
17,303.6
Asia
Western Europe Total
2016
Destination
Africa
Eastern Europe
Asia
Latin America
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
10.6
147.6
29.4
37.7
18.9
19.2
1.2
157.9
422.5
115.7
5,611.8
191.2
141.0
221.8
449.7
71.6
1,584.6
8,387.4
Eastern Europe
0.0
4.3
23.9
0.0
0.0
1.9
0.0
15.2
45.3
Latin America
2.4
19.0
3.7
44.3
3.3
27.8
0.3
39.8
140.5
Middle East
0.1
6.3
0.0
0.0
50.2
0.7
0.0
1.7
59.0
NAFTA
0.9
74.6
0.1
22.7
2.7
724.5
1.4
90.8
917.8
Australia/Oceania
0.0
2.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
1.3
0.5
4.4
72.9
433.4
95.7
39.0
52.9
356.0
16.9
7,467.1
8,533.8
202.6
6,299.1
344.1
284.7
349.9
1,580.1
92.8
9,357.6
18,510.9
Africa Asia Origin
Latin America
11.0
Africa
Origin
Eastern Europe
Asia
Western Europe Total
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 12
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Table 4 Foreign trade exports of stainless steel scrap in 1,000 metric tonnes. Includes feedstock material for further processing. Note: *Indicated imports from that region 2015
Destination
Origin
Africa
Eastern Europe
Asia
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
Africa
0.0
14.2
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.3
1.5
16.5
Asia
1.2
647.5
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.0
21.1
670.5
Eastern Europe
0.0
3.5
0.3
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
84.3
89.3
Latin America
0.0
30.2
0.0
0.4
0.0
2.6
0.0
35.5
68.9
Middle East*
0.0
80.4
0.0
0.0
n/a
0.0
0.0
11.4
91.8
NAFTA
0.0
524.6
0.0
1.9
1.1
209.2
0.1
64.8
801.7
Australia/Oceania
0.0
49.8
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
1.7
51.7
Western Europe
0.6
365.8
1.5
0.1
1.2
0.9
0.0
3,172.5
3,542.5
Total
1.8
1,716.0
1.8
3.7
3.3
213.0
0.5
3,392.8
5,332.9
2016
Destination
Africa
Origin
Latin America
Eastern Europe
Asia
Latin America
Middle East
Australia/ Oceania
NAFTA
Western Europe
Total
Africa
0.0
7.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
6.1
13.3
Asia
1.8
744.7
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.0
16.6
763.8
Eastern Europe
0.0
5.8
1.5
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
97.9
105.5
Latin America
0.0
24.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
35.3
60.5
Middle East*
0.0
87.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.8
98.1
NAFTA
0.1
515.8
0.0
1.4
0.8
452.2
0.1
30.9
1,001.3
Australia/Oceania
0.0
63.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.4
2.6
66.0
Western Europe
0.0
318.9
5.7
0.0
1.7
1.8
0.1
2,917.2
3,245.4
Total
1.9
1,766.7
7.2
1.9
2.9
455.6
0.5
3,117.3
5,353.9
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 13
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Figure 6
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Apparent stainless steel use by region.
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
2006
2007
Western Europe
2008
2009
2010
Central/Eastern Europe
2011 Americas
2012
2013
2014
Asia excluding China
2015 China
2016 Others
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 14
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Figure 7
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Stainless melt shop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by region in 1,000 metric tonnes
45 40 35 30
31.094 28.706
28.146 26.218
24.904
25 20 15 10 5 0
2006
2007
Western Europe
2008
2009
2010
Central/Eastern Europe
Major correction of Chinese data for 2011, not comparable with previous years
45.778 41.686
41.548
2014
2015
38.506 35.917 33.621
2011 Americas
2012
2013
Asia excluding China
2016 China
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 15
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Stainless meltshop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by grade.
Figure 8
Major correction of Chinese data for 2011, not comparable with previous years
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2006
2007
2008
2009
CrNi grades (300-series)
2010
2011
2012
CrMn grades (200 series)
2013
2014
2015
Q1
Cr grades (400 series)
Q2
Q3
Q4
2016
Other/not known
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 16
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Figure 9
_ ? __ ← →
Stainless meltshop production (slab/ingot equivalent) by quarter in 1,000 metric tonnes
Major correction of Chinese data for 2011, not comparable with previous years
13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 2006
Quarter 1
2007
2008
2009
2010
Quarter 2
2011
2012
2013
Quarter 3
2014
2015
2016
Quarter 4
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 17
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Figure 10
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Stainless steel consumption (000t) 2500
_ ? __ ← →
Stainless steel demand index (2010=100)
Europe/Africa
2500
Americas 230
120 2000
2000
190 100 1500
1500
150 80 1000
1000
110 60
500
500
70 40
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 18
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Figure 11
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Stainless steel consumption (000t) 4500
_ ? __ ← →
Stainless steel demand index (2010=100)
Asia 220
4000
200
3500
180 160
3000 140 2500
120
2000
100
5500
China
5000 180
4500 4000
160
3500
140
3000
120
2500 100
80
1500
60
2000 80
1500
1000
500
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
40
1000
20
500 0
60
40 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 19
BACK
Figure 12
Stainless steel demand versus stainless steel consumption
Stainless steel consumption (000t) 10500
Stainless steel demand index (2010=100)
World 150
9450 125
8400 7350
100 6300 5250
75
4200 50
3150 2100
25 1050 0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
0
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POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 20
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_ ? __ ← →
Per capita direct and indirect use of stainless steel (kg/capita) for selected countries. Source: IMF, Yale
Figure 13
35
2005
2010
30
25
20
15
10
sia do
ne
a In
di In
il Br az
ex ico M
ss ia Ru
ke y Tu r
a in Ch
ric a th
Af
d la n ai Th
UK
Fr an ce
lia Au
st ra
A US
n ai Sp
y an rm
en
ly Ita
n pa Ja
Ko
Sw ed
Ge
So u
Ta i
wa n,
Ch i
na
0
re a
5
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 21
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_ ? __ ← →
GDP PPP per capita versus stainless steel use per capita. Source: IMF, ISSF, Yale.
Figure 14
US$60000
US$60000
US$55000
US$55000
US$50000
USA
US$50000
USA
Australia
US$45000
Germany
US$45000
Australia
US$40000
France
US$40000
UK Germany
UK
US$35000
Japan
France
Korea
US$20000
US$20000
Russia
2010
5
Turkey Mexico Brazil
Thailand China South Africa Indonesia
US$10000
India
Indonesia India
0
Russia
US$15000
Mexico Turkey Brazil South Africa Thailand China
US$5000
Korea
US$30000
US$25000
US$10000
Italy
US$35000
US$25000
US$15000
Japan
Spain
Italy
Spain
US$30000
Taiwan, China
Taiwan, China
US$5000
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0
2014
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 22
_ ? __ ← →
BACK
Comparison of direct stainless steel use (mill products) versus total stainless steel use (plus trade balance of stainless containing goods). Source: IMF, Yale, Vale Inco
Figure 15 45
45
40
40
Direct use
35
Total use
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
A
UK
US
wa
i Ta
2005
na
hi
C n,
n
ai
Sp
So
u
th
a ric
Af
ia ss
Ru
n ico orea pa ex K Ja
M
ly
Ita
a
y
di
In
an
G
m er
Direct use
35
ce
an Fr
a
in
Ch
il
az Br
Total use
A
UK
US
wa
i Ta
2010
na
hi
C n,
n
ai
Sp
So
u
th
a ric
Af
ia ss
Ru
n ico orea pa ex K Ja
M
ly
Ita
a
y
di
In
an
G
m er
ce
an Fr
a
in
Ch
il
az Br
POTENTIAL
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 23
BACK
Figure 16
_ ? __ ← →
Stainless steel use per sector - 2016
Electrical machinery 7.7%
Motor vehicles and parts 9.6%
Mechanical engineering 27.8% Metal products 37.8%
Motor vehicles in developed countries 19.0%
Other transport 4.9% Construction 12.2%
Motor vehicles in developing countries 5.1%
ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 24
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Data sources Unless otherwise indicated, all data in this booklet has been provided by the International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF). Data has also been provided by: 1. International Monetary Fund (IMF) 2. Vale Inco 3. Yale University: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies (Reck et al.)
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ISSF STAINLESS STEEL IN FIGURES 2017- 25
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About ISSF The International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF) is a non-profit research and development organisation which was founded in 1996 and which serves as the focal point for the international stainless steel industry.
_ ? __ ← →
Contact us [email protected] +32 2 702 89 00
Who are the members? ISSF has two categories of membership: company members and affiliated members. Company members are producers of stainless steel (integrated mills and rerollers). The association has 56 members from all over the world and currently represents approximately 90% of the total production of stainless steel.
Vision Stainless steel provides sustainable solutions for everyday life.
More information
For more information about ISSF, please consult our website worldstainless.org.
For more information about stainless steel and sustainability, please consult the sustainablestainless.org website.
Disclaimer The International Stainless Steel Forum believes that the information presented is technically correct. However, ISSF, its members, staff and consultants specifically disclaim any and all liability or responsibility of any kind for loss, damage, or injury resulting from the use of the information contained in this brochure.
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