January 2012 1
January 2012
An innovative office building project
ASHRAE 2012 WINTER CONFERENCE Chicago January 22, 2012
Track: HVAC& R System & Equipment Seminar 4 Learning Objectives Describe the water-source VRF heat pump and heat recovery concept as to applied commercial buildings.
Geothermal VRF Systems
Describe the application potential for both heat pump and heat recovery water source VRF systems across a range of building types.
Place de l’Escarpement An innovative office building project
Describe how to ensure optimal annual performance levels through effective design strategies. Understand field data on the annual operating performance of heat recovery VRF geothermal systems. Describe basis design guidance on the implementation of water-source VRF systems in buildings. Understand case study reference documentation and further reading publication listings on the application of water-source VRF systems.
By Claude Routhier, CSO, LEED AP BD + C
An innovative office building project
An innovative office building project Already a recognised accomplishment !
ASHRAE is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to ASHRAE Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/ASHRAE for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
Lauréat Énergia 2010 Bâtiment neuf – Tous secteurs
Entreprise lauréate Mérite commercial Desjardins
An innovative office building project
LEED Certification goal: LEED Canada-NC GOLD at 42 points
Finaliste Fidéides 2010
Récipiendaire IDU 2010
An innovative office building project
The project has also been eligible for a grant from the local Public Utilities « Energy Optimisation for Buildings » Financial support for the initiative: Eligible energy reduction ≈ 1 690 428 kWh, equal to the energy use of 65 standard residential units or 42% of the reference building of the utility simulation program. For a financial grant of 614 529 $ EE4 Simulation: To document the building’s energy performance for the LEED certification, a detailed simulation was made using Natural Resources Canada’s EE4 v1.7 software and was revised by a third party expert. This simulation predicts energy savings of 1 472 917 kWh per year compared to the MNECB, which corresponds to a 52% reduction.
1
January 2012
An innovative office building project High Performance Building Envelope
Dynamic Lighting & Facade Solar Screen Management Control Systems
• Green roof
• Wireless/batteryless controls for the T5 lighting system and dynamic management of the facade solar screens (floors 4-7)
• Insulation and envelope sealing • Advanced lighting controls for T5 fixtures (floors 1-3)
• Glazing performance
Dynamic Lighting & Facade Solar Screen Management Control Architecture
Dedicated Enthalpic Air Heat Exchanger DOAS System Layout
Ethernet • Dedicated outdoor air systems on each floor Floors 1 to 3 HVAC
HVAC
RUBI card
Light intensity detector
Occupancy sensor
Solar intensity detector
RUBI card
Antenna
Solar shade and projection screen control
Solar shade
Projection screen
Lighting switch (dimming enabled)
Antenna
Lighting relay
• Water/air heat pumps for fresh air heating and dehumidification on floors 4 to 7
Floors 4 to 7
Perimetric Radiant Wall Heating Perimetric heating system 7 water to water 10-Ton geothermal 2-stage heat pumps *27 C = 81 F
Geothermal VRF Systems Main Energy Efficiency Advantages: Large Scale Integration of Geothermal VRF Heat Pumps
Parkade heating system 12 water to air 5-Ton single stage geothermal heat pumps
2
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System Main building HVAC system installation : 40 geothermal heat pumps using R410A refrigerant Each with a 96000 MBH capacity using a dedicated control system
40 BOREHOLES, each 500 feet deep
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system
40 refrigerant liquid/gas separators
Room controls
Simple controllers
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system HVAC controls supervisor
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system 301 concealed type direct expansion units from 0,5 to 4 Tons
7 centralized controllers, 1 for each floor BMS integration capabilities
3
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System Double Heat Recovery Capability
Chosen Terminal Units
VRF Geothermal System Special Geothermal Flow Control Circuit
VRF Geothermal System Variable speed glycol solution pump
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System HVAC Primary Components
HVAC main schematic To other floors
Individual circulation pumps VRF Central units Radiant heating system
Typical floor
Fluid coolers
Fluid coolers
Borehole circulation pumps Parkade heat pumps
Borehole circulation pumps To boreholes
Fluid coolers pump
4
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System The advantages of VRF geothermal • • • • • •
Energy efficiency and distributed capacity Very low noise level throughout the building Small space requierements on each floor High diversity of simultaneous load possible High number of self-operating systems Double heat recovery capability
VRF Geothermal System The challenges Effectively zoning the heat recovery indoor units in open plan office areas so there is no conflict in operating mode between adjacent units during shoulder seasons
Before commissioning
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System
The challenges
The challenges
Determining the most effective mode changeover deadband for indoor units. Indoor units should move between heating and cooling mode when reacting to ongoing load profile changes in each conditioned space without continually cycling between modes.
Finding the real heating energy requirements when there is heat to be recovered from data centers in the building (2 x 20T systems)
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System
5
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System Important points to consider during installation and for HVAC contractors USUAL HABITS MUST CHANGE !!! • Focus is on refrigeration circuits not ductwork • First project of this magnitude for many involved : learning curve to consider for the contractors - general apprenticeship needed - high quality brazing on multiple connections - important to correctly label the refrigeration circuit components - rigourous vacuum testing - accurate R410A refrigerant charge
VRF Geothermal System The results
VRF Geothermal System The results
In Canada :
Electric energy consumption and demand for each month
Standard building performance is around 36,65 kWh/sqw or $3.12/square foot Boma certified building performance is around 24 kWh/sqw or $2.55/square foot
Conclusion More than ever, rigourous comissioning must be considered to reach a high satisfaction level from the users and obtain the low energy usage that the system is designed to provide. What can be perceived as an audacious project really can deliver high comfort and energy efficiency results all the while ensuring a very high system reliability. What can look futuristic now can become a frequent sight much more rapidly than expected.
Merci!
6
An innovative office building project
ASHRAE 2012 WINTER CONFERENCE Chicago January 22, 2012
Track: HVAC& R System & Equipment Seminar 4 Learning Objectives Describe the water-source VRF heat pump and heat recovery concept as to applied commercial buildings.
Geothermal VRF Systems
Describe the application potential for both heat pump and heat recovery water source VRF systems across a range of building types.
Place de l’Escarpement An innovative office building project
Describe how to ensure optimal annual performance levels through effective design strategies. Understand field data on the annual operating performance of heat recovery VRF geothermal systems. Describe basis design guidance on the implementation of water-source VRF systems in buildings. Understand case study reference documentation and further reading publication listings on the application of water-source VRF systems.
By Claude Routhier, CSO, LEED AP BD + C
An innovative office building project
An innovative office building project Already a recognised accomplishment !
ASHRAE is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to ASHRAE Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/ASHRAE for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
Lauréat Énergia 2010 Bâtiment neuf – Tous secteurs
Entreprise lauréate Mérite commercial Desjardins
An innovative office building project
LEED Certification goal: LEED Canada-NC GOLD at 42 points
Finaliste Fidéides 2010
Récipiendaire IDU 2010
An innovative office building project
The project has also been eligible for a grant from the local Public Utilities « Energy Optimisation for Buildings » Financial support for the initiative: Eligible energy reduction ≈ 1 690 428 kWh, equal to the energy use of 65 standard residential units or 42% of the reference building of the utility simulation program. For a financial grant of 614 529 $ EE4 Simulation: To document the building’s energy performance for the LEED certification, a detailed simulation was made using Natural Resources Canada’s EE4 v1.7 software and was revised by a third party expert. This simulation predicts energy savings of 1 472 917 kWh per year compared to the MNECB, which corresponds to a 52% reduction.
1
January 2012
An innovative office building project High Performance Building Envelope
Dynamic Lighting & Facade Solar Screen Management Control Systems
• Green roof
• Wireless/batteryless controls for the T5 lighting system and dynamic management of the facade solar screens (floors 4-7)
• Insulation and envelope sealing • Advanced lighting controls for T5 fixtures (floors 1-3)
• Glazing performance
Dynamic Lighting & Facade Solar Screen Management Control Architecture
Dedicated Enthalpic Air Heat Exchanger DOAS System Layout
Ethernet • Dedicated outdoor air systems on each floor Floors 1 to 3 HVAC
HVAC
RUBI card
Light intensity detector
Occupancy sensor
Solar intensity detector
RUBI card
Antenna
Solar shade and projection screen control
Solar shade
Projection screen
Lighting switch (dimming enabled)
Antenna
Lighting relay
• Water/air heat pumps for fresh air heating and dehumidification on floors 4 to 7
Floors 4 to 7
Perimetric Radiant Wall Heating Perimetric heating system 7 water to water 10-Ton geothermal 2-stage heat pumps *27 C = 81 F
Geothermal VRF Systems Main Energy Efficiency Advantages: Large Scale Integration of Geothermal VRF Heat Pumps
Parkade heating system 12 water to air 5-Ton single stage geothermal heat pumps
2
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System Main building HVAC system installation : 40 geothermal heat pumps using R410A refrigerant Each with a 96000 MBH capacity using a dedicated control system
40 BOREHOLES, each 500 feet deep
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system
40 refrigerant liquid/gas separators
Room controls
Simple controllers
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system HVAC controls supervisor
VRF Geothermal System Main HVAC system 301 concealed type direct expansion units from 0,5 to 4 Tons
7 centralized controllers, 1 for each floor BMS integration capabilities
3
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System Double Heat Recovery Capability
Chosen Terminal Units
VRF Geothermal System Special Geothermal Flow Control Circuit
VRF Geothermal System Variable speed glycol solution pump
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System HVAC Primary Components
HVAC main schematic To other floors
Individual circulation pumps VRF Central units Radiant heating system
Typical floor
Fluid coolers
Fluid coolers
Borehole circulation pumps Parkade heat pumps
Borehole circulation pumps To boreholes
Fluid coolers pump
4
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System The advantages of VRF geothermal • • • • • •
Energy efficiency and distributed capacity Very low noise level throughout the building Small space requierements on each floor High diversity of simultaneous load possible High number of self-operating systems Double heat recovery capability
VRF Geothermal System The challenges Effectively zoning the heat recovery indoor units in open plan office areas so there is no conflict in operating mode between adjacent units during shoulder seasons
Before commissioning
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System
The challenges
The challenges
Determining the most effective mode changeover deadband for indoor units. Indoor units should move between heating and cooling mode when reacting to ongoing load profile changes in each conditioned space without continually cycling between modes.
Finding the real heating energy requirements when there is heat to be recovered from data centers in the building (2 x 20T systems)
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System
5
January 2012
VRF Geothermal System
VRF Geothermal System Important points to consider during installation and for HVAC contractors USUAL HABITS MUST CHANGE !!! • Focus is on refrigeration circuits not ductwork • First project of this magnitude for many involved : learning curve to consider for the contractors - general apprenticeship needed - high quality brazing on multiple connections - important to correctly label the refrigeration circuit components - rigourous vacuum testing - accurate R410A refrigerant charge
VRF Geothermal System The results
VRF Geothermal System The results
In Canada :
Electric energy consumption and demand for each month
Standard building performance is around 36,65 kWh/sqw or $3.12/square foot Boma certified building performance is around 24 kWh/sqw or $2.55/square foot
Conclusion More than ever, rigourous comissioning must be considered to reach a high satisfaction level from the users and obtain the low energy usage that the system is designed to provide. What can be perceived as an audacious project really can deliver high comfort and energy efficiency results all the while ensuring a very high system reliability. What can look futuristic now can become a frequent sight much more rapidly than expected.
Merci!
6
