TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................... ii 1.0 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION ........................................................................................................1 1.1 PROJECT SUMMARY/INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................1 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION ...................................................................................................................................3 1.2.1 Project Participation ..................................................................................................................................4 1.3 PROJECT FACILITY OWNER/DEVELOPER/OPERATOR ...........................................................................4 1.4 PROJECT PURPOSE, NEED, AND BENEFIT ..............................................................................................4 1.4.1 Project Purpose.........................................................................................................................................4 1.4.2 Public Need and Benefits to Be Derived From Project ..............................................................................5 1.5 PROJECT FACILITY LAYOUT AND COMPONENTS .................................................................................11 1.5.1 Facility Layout Criteria .............................................................................................................................11 1.5.2 Roads and Civil Construction Work.........................................................................................................11 1.5.3 Turbine Tower Foundations ....................................................................................................................12 1.5.4 Wind Turbine Generators and Central Control System ...........................................................................12 1.5.5 Electrical Collection System Infrastructure ..............................................................................................12 1.5.6 Interconnection Substation Facilities .......................................................................................................13 1.5.7 Project Grounding System ......................................................................................................................13 1.5.8 Meteorological Monitoring Station Towers ..............................................................................................13 1.5.9 Operations and Maintenance Facility ......................................................................................................13 1.6 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION ......................................................................................................................13 1.7 OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE ..........................................................................................................15 1.8 DECOMMISSIONING ..................................................................................................................................16 1.9 PROJECT COST AND FUNDING ...............................................................................................................16 1.10 PERMITS AND APPROVALS REQUIRED ..................................................................................................17 1.11 PUBLIC AND AGENCY INVOLVEMENT.....................................................................................................19 1.12 SEQRA PROCESS ......................................................................................................................................19 1.12.1 Agency and Public Review...................................................................................................................20 2.0 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION ......................................................................................................21 2.1 GEOLOGY, TOPOGRAPHY & SOILS .........................................................................................................21 2.1.1 Geology and Topography ........................................................................................................................21 2.1.2 Soils ........................................................................................................................................................23 2.2 WATER RESOURCES ................................................................................................................................29 2.2.1 Existing Conditions ..................................................................................................................................29 2.2.2 Anticipated Impacts .................................................................................................................................35 2.2.3 Mitigation Measures ................................................................................................................................41 2.3 BIOLOGICAL, TERRESTRIAL & AQUATIC ECOLOGY..............................................................................43 2.3.1 Existing Conditions ..................................................................................................................................43 2.3.2 Potential Impacts.....................................................................................................................................57 2.3.3 Mitigation .................................................................................................................................................66 2.4 CLIMATE & AIR QUALITY ...........................................................................................................................67 2.4.1 Existing Conditions ..................................................................................................................................67 2.4.2 Potential Impacts.....................................................................................................................................69 2.4.3 Proposed Mitigation ................................................................................................................................71 2.5 AESTHETIC & VISUAL RESOURCES ........................................................................................................71 2.5.1 Existing Conditions ..................................................................................................................................71 2.5.2 Anticipated Impacts .................................................................................................................................77 2.5.3 Mitigation Measures ................................................................................................................................89 Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement Jericho Rise Wind Farm
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2.6 HISTORIC, CULTURAL & ARCHEOLOGICAL RESOURCES ....................................................................92 2.6.1 Existing Conditions ..................................................................................................................................92 2.6.2 Anticipated Impacts .................................................................................................................................94 2.6.3 Proposed Mitigation ................................................................................................................................98 2.7 SOUND ...................................................................................................................................................... 100 2.7.1 Existing Conditions ................................................................................................................................ 101 2.7.2 Anticipated Impacts ............................................................................................................................... 103 2.7.3 Mitigation ............................................................................................................................................... 112 2.8 TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION .............................................................................................................. 113 2.8.1 Existing Conditions ................................................................................................................................ 113 2.8.2 Anticipated Impacts ............................................................................................................................... 115 2.8.3 Mitigation Measures .............................................................................................................................. 116 2.9 SOCIOECONOMICS ................................................................................................................................. 118 2.9.1 Existing Conditions ................................................................................................................................ 118 2.9.2 Anticipated Impacts ............................................................................................................................... 121 2.9.3 Mitigation Measures .............................................................................................................................. 128 2.10 PUBLIC SAFETY ....................................................................................................................................... 131 2.10.1 Existing Conditions and General Information .................................................................................... 131 2.10.2 Anticipated Impacts ........................................................................................................................... 132 2.10.3 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................... 137 2.11 COMMUNITY FACILITIES & SERVICES .................................................................................................. 139 2.11.1 Existing Conditions............................................................................................................................ 139 2.11.2 Anticipated Impacts ........................................................................................................................... 141 2.11.3 Proposed Mitigation .......................................................................................................................... 144 2.12 COMMUNICATION FACILITIES ................................................................................................................ 146 2.12.1 Existing Conditions............................................................................................................................ 147 2.12.2 Anticipated Impacts ........................................................................................................................... 148 2.12.3 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................... 150 2.13 LAND USE & ZONING ............................................................................................................................... 151 2.13.1 Existing Conditions............................................................................................................................ 151 2.13.2 Anticipated Impacts ........................................................................................................................... 155 2.13.3 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................... 159 3.0 UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE IMPACTS .......................................................................................................... 162 3.1 GENERAL MITIGATION MEASURES ....................................................................................................... 162 3.2 PROPOSED MITIGATIONS MEASURES FOR LONG-TERM UNAVOIDABLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ................................................................................................................................................... 162 3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE AND MONITORING PROGRAM ....................................................... 164 4.0 ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................... 165 4.1 NO ACTION ............................................................................................................................................... 165 4.2 ALTERNATIVE PROJECT LOCATION ..................................................................................................... 166 4.3 ALTERNATIVE PROJECT DESIGN/LAYOUT ........................................................................................... 166 4.4 ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES .................................................................... 169 4.5 ALTERNATIVE TURBINE TECHNOLOGY................................................................................................ 169 4.6 ALTERNATIVE PROJECT SCALE AND MAGNITUDE ............................................................................. 170 4.7 ALTERNATIVE PROJECT TIMING ........................................................................................................... 170 4.8 ALTERNATIVE MITIGATION STRATEGIES ............................................................................................. 171 5.0 IRREVERSIBLE & IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENT OF RESOURCES .................................................... 172 6.0 GROWTH INDUCING IMPACTS................................................................................................................... 173 7.0 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS & BENEFITS......................................................................................................... 174 7.1 OTHER DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS ...................................................................................................... 174 Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement Jericho Rise Wind Farm
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7.2 WETLANDS ............................................................................................................................................... 176 7.3 WILDLIFE .................................................................................................................................................. 176 7.4 BIRDS AND BATS ..................................................................................................................................... 177 7.5 THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES ....................................................................................... 179 7.6 AESTHETIC AND VISUAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................. 181 7.7 SOUND ...................................................................................................................................................... 182 7.8 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION ......................................................................................................... 183 7.9 LAND USE AND ZONING ......................................................................................................................... 183 7.10 SOCIOECONOMICS ................................................................................................................................. 184 7.11 CULTURAL RESOURCES ........................................................................................................................ 185 7.12 ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS.................................................................................................................. 187 7.13 TRANSMISSION CAPACITY ..................................................................................................................... 187 8.0 EFFECTS OF USE & CONSERVATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES ......................................................... 188 9.0 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 190
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Comparison of DEIS and SEIS Project Layouts..............................................................................................3 Table 2. Preliminary Construction Schedule ...............................................................................................................14 Table 3. Revised Impact Assumptions ........................................................................................................................14 Table 4. Estimated Cost of Decommissioning per Wind Turbine ................................................................................16 Table 5. Permits and Approvals for the Jericho Rise Wind Farm ................................................................................17 Table 6. Approximate Area of Soil Disturbance by Project Component .......................................................................25 Table 7. Approximate Area of Soil Disturbance by Soil Type.......................................................................................25 Table 8. Prime Farmland Impacts ................................................................................................................................27 Table 9. 2010 Water Usage in Franklin County, New York ..........................................................................................30 Table 10. Surface Waters Within the Project Site ........................................................................................................31 Table 11. NYSDEC and NWI Mapped Wetlands within the Project Site .....................................................................32 Table 12. Hydric Soils within the Project Site ..............................................................................................................33 Table 13. Impacts to Wetlands for DEIS Project Layout and revised SEIS Project Layout .........................................36 Table 14. Wetlands Crossed by the Project .................................................................................................................38 Table 15. Land Cover Classes within the Project Site ................................................................................................43 Table 16. Rare, Threatened and Endangered Plants Known from Franklin County. ..................................................46 Table 17. New York State Listed Wildlife Potentially Occurring on Project Site. .........................................................53 Table 18. Approximate Area of Disturbance by Vegetation Type ...............................................................................58 Table 19. Bird and Bat Mortality Rates at wind facilities within 50 miles of the proposed Jericho Rise Wind Farm. ...61 Table 20. Bird and Bat Morality Rates at wind facilities in Maine, New Hampshire, New York, and Pennsylvania. ....62 Table 21. Estimated Annual Emission Displacements from the Project ......................................................................70 Table 22. Viewpoints Selected for Simulation .............................................................................................................76 Table 23. Summary of SVIA Viewshed Results for 7.5-Mile Study Area.....................................................................78 Table 24. VIA/SVIA Viewshed Results Comparison ...................................................................................................79 Table 25. VIA/SVIA Viewpoint Analysis Comparison ...................................................................................................80 Table 26. DEIS/SEIS Shadow Flicker Effects Comparison .........................................................................................84 Table 27. Receptors Predicted to Exceed 30 Hours of Shadow Flicker ......................................................................85 Table 28. Project Visibility from Non-Participating Receptors Predicted to Exceed 30 Hours of Shadow Flicker .......87 Table 29. Summary of Archaeological Sites Identified During the Phase 1B Survey..................................................95 Table 30. Sound Power Levels vs. Wind Speed for Gamesa G114 2.1 MW Wind Turbine ...................................... 104 Table 31. CNR Ratings Associated with Predicted Sound Project Levels ................................................................ 109 Table 32. Summary of Road Conditions in the Project Site ...................................................................................... 114 Table 33. Temporary Intersection Improvements...................................................................................................... 115 Table 34. County and Municipality Housing Units, 2013 ........................................................................................... 118 Table 35. State, County, and Municipality Median Housing Values, 2013 ................................................................ 119 Table 36. Taxing Jurisdictions, 2013 ......................................................................................................................... 120 Table 37. County and Municipal Budgets, 2013........................................................................................................ 121 Table 38. Local Economic Impacts ........................................................................................................................... 122 Table 39. Wind Turbine Setback Requirements for the Towns of Bellmont and Chateaugay................................... 153 Table 40. Soil Disturbance Impacts by Project Component from DEIS to SEIS1 ...................................................... 167 Table 41. Natural Resources Impacts from DEIS to SEIS1 ....................................................................................... 168 Table 42. Current Status of Wind Projects Considered for Possible Cumulative Impacts ........................................ 175
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16.
Revised Project Site Revised Project Layout Project Layout Comparison Mine Locations within the Project Site Project Site Soils Surface Waterbodies Hydric Soils Delineated Wetlands Vegetative Cover Types Visually Sensitive Resources Viewshed Analysis Visual Simulations: VIA and SVIA Projected Shadow Flicker Existing Underground Gas Infrastructure Microwave Path Analysis Agricultural Districts
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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I Appendix J Appendix K Appendix L Appendix M Appendix N Appendix O Appendix P Appendix Q Appendix R
Preliminary Blasting Plan Decommissioning Plan Agency Correspondence Geotechnical Investigation Reports Wetland and Waterbodies Report Spill Control and Countermeasure Plan Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Avian and Bat Studies Invasive Species and Noxious Weed Control Plan Second Supplemental Visual Resource Assessment Shadow Flicker Report Supplemental Phase 1B Archaeological Report Historic-Architectural Resources Summary Report Environmental Sound Survey and Noise Impact Assessment Complaint Resolution Procedure Transportation Route Review Communication Studies NYSDAM Guidelines for Agricultural Mitigation for Wind Power Projects
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Acronym/Abbreviation AMSL
Definition/Denotation Above Mean Sea Level
BMPs
Best Management Practices
dBA
A-weighted Decibels
DEIS
Draft Environmental Impact Statement
EAF
Environmental Assessment Form
EIS
Environmental Impact Statement
ESA
Endangered Species Act
FEIS
Final Environmental Impact Statement
GIS
Geographic Information Systems
GPS
Global Positioning System
NRHP
National Register of Historical Places
NYNHP
New York Natural Heritage Program
NYSDEC
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
NYSOPRHP
New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation
SEQR
State Environmental Quality Review Act
SHPO
State Historic Preservation Office
SPDES
State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
USDA
United States Department of Agriculture
USFWS
United States Fish and Wildlife Service
USGS
United States Geological Survey
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FIRMS/ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SEIS Environmental Design & Research, Landscape Architecture, Engineering & Environmental Services, D.P.C. 217 Montgomery Street, Suite 1000 Syracuse, New York 13202
Fisher Associates 135 Calkins Road Rochester, New York 14623
Patrick Heaton (315) 471-0688 Terracon Consultants-NY, Inc. 15 Marway Circle, Suite 2B Rochester, New York 14624
Steven D. Wilkinson (585) 334-1310 Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc. 415 West 17th Street, Suite 200 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001
Carl W. Thunberg (585) 247-3471 Hessler Associates 3862 Clifton Manor Place, Suite B Haymarket, Virginia 20169
David Young (307) 634-1756 ComSearch 197 Janelia Farm Blvd. Ashburn, Virginia 20147
David M. Hessler (703) 753-1602 Jericho Rise Wind Farm, LLC 808 Travis Street, Suite 700 Houston, Texas 77002
Denise Finney (703) 726-5650
Aron Branam (503)-535-1519
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