LAB 7b
Lab 7b Manual Guidance Statement of the Problem The purpose of this lab experiment is to examine the influence of manual guidance on movement reproduction.
Reference Chapter 7
Materials Needed • • • • • •
Goniometer Blindfold Athletic tape Marker Individual Data Sheet Group Data Sheet
Procedure You will perform both conditions and take turns in the roles of experimenter and participant. All trials should be completed before you switch roles, and both the experimenter and participant should complete Condition 1 before moving to Condition 2. A small piece of athletic tape (2 x 2 cm) should be adhered to the participant’s lateral epicondyle of the dominant arm. A small circle (5mm in diameter) should then be drawn in the center of the tape.
Condition 1―Passive Movement The participant stands blindfolded with the dominant arm extended and supinated at his or her side with the palm facing forward (as if to do a bicep curl). Prior to starting, the experimenter will choose five random degrees of elbow flexion ranging from 0 to 180 and record them on the Individual Data Sheet without revealing them to the participant. The experimenter then centers the goniometer on the circle that has been drawn on the athletic tape attached to the lateral L7b-1
epicondyle and moves the participant’s lower arm to achieve the first position, the first degree of elbow flexion recorded on the data sheet. After returning to the starting position, the participant is then asked to reproduce this movement. The experimenter will measure the angle and record the deviation from the original location. Repeat this procedure until all five trials have been completed.
Condition 2―Active Movement Blindfolded and in the same starting position as in Condition 1, the participant will move to a degree of elbow flexion of his or her choosing. The experimenter records the location using the goniometer. After returning to the starting position, the participant is then asked to reproduce this movement. The experimenter will record the deviation from the original location. Repeat this procedure with different degrees until all five trials have been completed.
L7b-2
Results 1. On your Individual Data Sheet, calculate the mean absolute error (AE) and constant error (CE) for each condition. Absolute error is the unsigned deviation from the criterion. Constant error is the signed deviation from the target. 2. Gather the data from the other individuals, and record each individual’s mean AE and CE scores for each condition into the Group Data Sheet. 3. Calculate the mean AE and CE scores for each condition for the group. 4. Create a bar graph at www.onlinecharttool.com/graph.php to illustrate the AE and CE group scores for each condition.
Discussion 1. Was there a difference between the reproduction accuracy for passive versus active movements? 2. Did the data suggest a tendency to over- or undershoot the target location? 3. What do these results suggest about the use of manual guidance?
L7b-3
Name:
Date:
Individual Data Sheet Passive Movement
Trial
Target location
Location reproduced
Active Movement
AE
CE
Trial
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
Mean
0
0
0
Mean
L7b-4
Target location
Location reproduced
AE
0
0
0
CE
Name:
Date:
Group Data Sheet
Participant
Passive Movement
Active Movement
AE
AE
CE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
L7b-5
CE
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Mean
0
0
L7b-6
0
0
Reference Chapter 7
Materials Needed • • • • • •
Goniometer Blindfold Athletic tape Marker Individual Data Sheet Group Data Sheet
Procedure You will perform both conditions and take turns in the roles of experimenter and participant. All trials should be completed before you switch roles, and both the experimenter and participant should complete Condition 1 before moving to Condition 2. A small piece of athletic tape (2 x 2 cm) should be adhered to the participant’s lateral epicondyle of the dominant arm. A small circle (5mm in diameter) should then be drawn in the center of the tape.
Condition 1―Passive Movement The participant stands blindfolded with the dominant arm extended and supinated at his or her side with the palm facing forward (as if to do a bicep curl). Prior to starting, the experimenter will choose five random degrees of elbow flexion ranging from 0 to 180 and record them on the Individual Data Sheet without revealing them to the participant. The experimenter then centers the goniometer on the circle that has been drawn on the athletic tape attached to the lateral L7b-1
epicondyle and moves the participant’s lower arm to achieve the first position, the first degree of elbow flexion recorded on the data sheet. After returning to the starting position, the participant is then asked to reproduce this movement. The experimenter will measure the angle and record the deviation from the original location. Repeat this procedure until all five trials have been completed.
Condition 2―Active Movement Blindfolded and in the same starting position as in Condition 1, the participant will move to a degree of elbow flexion of his or her choosing. The experimenter records the location using the goniometer. After returning to the starting position, the participant is then asked to reproduce this movement. The experimenter will record the deviation from the original location. Repeat this procedure with different degrees until all five trials have been completed.
L7b-2
Results 1. On your Individual Data Sheet, calculate the mean absolute error (AE) and constant error (CE) for each condition. Absolute error is the unsigned deviation from the criterion. Constant error is the signed deviation from the target. 2. Gather the data from the other individuals, and record each individual’s mean AE and CE scores for each condition into the Group Data Sheet. 3. Calculate the mean AE and CE scores for each condition for the group. 4. Create a bar graph at www.onlinecharttool.com/graph.php to illustrate the AE and CE group scores for each condition.
Discussion 1. Was there a difference between the reproduction accuracy for passive versus active movements? 2. Did the data suggest a tendency to over- or undershoot the target location? 3. What do these results suggest about the use of manual guidance?
L7b-3
Name:
Date:
Individual Data Sheet Passive Movement
Trial
Target location
Location reproduced
Active Movement
AE
CE
Trial
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
Mean
0
0
0
Mean
L7b-4
Target location
Location reproduced
AE
0
0
0
CE
Name:
Date:
Group Data Sheet
Participant
Passive Movement
Active Movement
AE
AE
CE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
L7b-5
CE
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Mean
0
0
L7b-6
0
0
