LECTURE: OVERVIEW OF METABOLISM
LECTURE: OVERVIEW OF METABOLISM KIRSTIN BROWN
Lecture: OVERVIEW OF METABOLISM Outline: 1. Catabolic vs. Anabolic reactions 2. Redox 3. The 4 Stages of Cellular Respiration
METABOLISM The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
METABOLISM Catabolism vs. Anabolism o Some reactions produce energy, and others
require energy
➢ Catabolism: breakdown, exergonic ➢ Anabolism: synthesis, endergonic
Food molecules
_____________
Cell components ADP
______________
ATP CO2, Waste
Building blocks
METABOLISM Catabolism vs. Anabolism o Catabolic pathways produce energy for anabolic pathways, usually stored as: ➢ ATP ➢ Energy intermediates (eg. NADH)
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o Oxidized atoms: Lose electrons, lose bonds to
hydrogen atoms
o Reduced atoms: Gain electrons, gain bonds to
hydrogen atoms
NAD+
reduced oxidized
NAD+
NADH
NADH
LEO the lion says GER Losing electrons = oxidized Gaining electrons = reduced
REDOX Rank the following compounds from least to most oxidized:
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o In catabolic pathways, substrates are broken
down via connected & coupled reactions
o The energy is transferred to the potential
energy in ATP and energy intermediates
ATP NADH
NADH ATP ATP
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o In catabolic pathways, substrates are broken
down via connected & coupled reactions
o The energy is transferred to the potential
energy in ATP and energy intermediates 0
ATP
∆G
ATP NADH ATP NADH
-100
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o In catabolic pathways, substrates (eg. glucose)
become oxidized o Electrons are transferred to energy-storing molecules, which become reduced 0
ATP
∆G
ATP NADH ATP NADH
______________ ______________
-100 LEO the lion says GER Losing electrons = oxidized Gaining electrons = reduced
CELLULAR RESPIRATION Overall equation
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy o 4 stages of cellular respiration: 1. Glycolysis: glucose broken down to pyruvate
Produces _____________________ 2. Pyruvate processing: pyruvate prepared for
TCA cycle by conversion to acetyl-CoA Produces ____________________
3. Citric acid cycle: acetyl-CoA oxidized to CO2
Produces ____________________ 4. Oxidative phosphorylation: Energy carriers
produced in stages 1 to 3 are used to generate ATP Produces _____________________
Lecture: OVERVIEW OF METABOLISM Outline: 1. Catabolic vs. Anabolic reactions 2. Redox 3. The 4 Stages of Cellular Respiration
METABOLISM The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
METABOLISM Catabolism vs. Anabolism o Some reactions produce energy, and others
require energy
➢ Catabolism: breakdown, exergonic ➢ Anabolism: synthesis, endergonic
Food molecules
_____________
Cell components ADP
______________
ATP CO2, Waste
Building blocks
METABOLISM Catabolism vs. Anabolism o Catabolic pathways produce energy for anabolic pathways, usually stored as: ➢ ATP ➢ Energy intermediates (eg. NADH)
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o Oxidized atoms: Lose electrons, lose bonds to
hydrogen atoms
o Reduced atoms: Gain electrons, gain bonds to
hydrogen atoms
NAD+
reduced oxidized
NAD+
NADH
NADH
LEO the lion says GER Losing electrons = oxidized Gaining electrons = reduced
REDOX Rank the following compounds from least to most oxidized:
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o In catabolic pathways, substrates are broken
down via connected & coupled reactions
o The energy is transferred to the potential
energy in ATP and energy intermediates
ATP NADH
NADH ATP ATP
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o In catabolic pathways, substrates are broken
down via connected & coupled reactions
o The energy is transferred to the potential
energy in ATP and energy intermediates 0
ATP
∆G
ATP NADH ATP NADH
-100
REDOX Oxidation and Reduction o In catabolic pathways, substrates (eg. glucose)
become oxidized o Electrons are transferred to energy-storing molecules, which become reduced 0
ATP
∆G
ATP NADH ATP NADH
______________ ______________
-100 LEO the lion says GER Losing electrons = oxidized Gaining electrons = reduced
CELLULAR RESPIRATION Overall equation
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy o 4 stages of cellular respiration: 1. Glycolysis: glucose broken down to pyruvate
Produces _____________________ 2. Pyruvate processing: pyruvate prepared for
TCA cycle by conversion to acetyl-CoA Produces ____________________
3. Citric acid cycle: acetyl-CoA oxidized to CO2
Produces ____________________ 4. Oxidative phosphorylation: Energy carriers
produced in stages 1 to 3 are used to generate ATP Produces _____________________
