Moisture and Distribution
Soils and Vegetation—Lecture 2 Lab Write-up Title Name Introduction Methods Results Discussion Species
Density
BA
Freq
Date
Title Ie silvics
Publisher, Journal, page
References Author
Moisture and Distribution Plant species need an adequate amount of moisture. They don’t want too much moisture, and they also don’t want too little moisture. xerophytes=species in dry environments. There are three strategies: escapees, avoiders, and tolerators. Escapees are seeds that escape from low-moisture conditions in their environment. They occur in areas like deserts. They don’t experience drought. Avoiders –google. Tolerators can become completely dry, and if you throw water on them, can come back to life. These things occur in the Sonoma desert, and they can withstand extreme drying. A lot of energy is needed to suck moisture out of the soil. Cacti are the ultimate moisture stress avoiders. They are a new world family whose leaves are quite small and are restricted to subtropics. They have a root system, needles and stem tissues, and CAM photosynthesis. CAM photosynthesis allows us to store CO2 as a malic acid. Stomata opens at night, gas exchange, take in CO2, and CAM pathway can convert it to something that can be stored. Roots need oxygen because they have to do cell functions. Cells in roots get oxygen. Adaptations? Mangroves tolerate really saline water as well as the fact that their roots are
submerged and tend to have pneumatopores which allow the roots to exchange oxygen. Silt roots are branches that exchange down to allow gas and water exchange. Pneumatophores peak up above water from the root system. Soil nutrients is a critical physical factor, and has a bigger global role in determining plant functioning than was previously assumed. All micronutrients come out of the mineral matter that is part of the soil body. Depending on the type of rock available, you will have a different proportion and availability of nutrients. Soils that are farmed repeatedly are not replacing their share of micronutrients from weathering. Humidity and Wind Humidity is moisture in the atmosphere. The Rh is higher than the absolute humidity. If it is less humid, there is less moisture. Adaptations lead to different growth rates. Cusion plants are low-growing on the ground. Small leaves that don’t get dessicated vs waxy leaves. Ice tends to act like glass. In cushion plants, you have damaged tissues from whipping ice crystals. In environments like where we are living, you get major damages from winds like hurricanes. Wind affects transpiration rates. It can result in death and widespread destruction during severe storm or hurricane events(wind). When hurricane activity hits land, the effect on plant communities is huge. High Park Field Trip -Black Oak/Woodland Savanna -it is ecologically significant because
Density
BA
Freq
Date
Title Ie silvics
Publisher, Journal, page
References Author
Moisture and Distribution Plant species need an adequate amount of moisture. They don’t want too much moisture, and they also don’t want too little moisture. xerophytes=species in dry environments. There are three strategies: escapees, avoiders, and tolerators. Escapees are seeds that escape from low-moisture conditions in their environment. They occur in areas like deserts. They don’t experience drought. Avoiders –google. Tolerators can become completely dry, and if you throw water on them, can come back to life. These things occur in the Sonoma desert, and they can withstand extreme drying. A lot of energy is needed to suck moisture out of the soil. Cacti are the ultimate moisture stress avoiders. They are a new world family whose leaves are quite small and are restricted to subtropics. They have a root system, needles and stem tissues, and CAM photosynthesis. CAM photosynthesis allows us to store CO2 as a malic acid. Stomata opens at night, gas exchange, take in CO2, and CAM pathway can convert it to something that can be stored. Roots need oxygen because they have to do cell functions. Cells in roots get oxygen. Adaptations? Mangroves tolerate really saline water as well as the fact that their roots are
submerged and tend to have pneumatopores which allow the roots to exchange oxygen. Silt roots are branches that exchange down to allow gas and water exchange. Pneumatophores peak up above water from the root system. Soil nutrients is a critical physical factor, and has a bigger global role in determining plant functioning than was previously assumed. All micronutrients come out of the mineral matter that is part of the soil body. Depending on the type of rock available, you will have a different proportion and availability of nutrients. Soils that are farmed repeatedly are not replacing their share of micronutrients from weathering. Humidity and Wind Humidity is moisture in the atmosphere. The Rh is higher than the absolute humidity. If it is less humid, there is less moisture. Adaptations lead to different growth rates. Cusion plants are low-growing on the ground. Small leaves that don’t get dessicated vs waxy leaves. Ice tends to act like glass. In cushion plants, you have damaged tissues from whipping ice crystals. In environments like where we are living, you get major damages from winds like hurricanes. Wind affects transpiration rates. It can result in death and widespread destruction during severe storm or hurricane events(wind). When hurricane activity hits land, the effect on plant communities is huge. High Park Field Trip -Black Oak/Woodland Savanna -it is ecologically significant because
