Monitoring Report
The Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance (CCBA) Monitoring Report Restora(on of degraded areas and reforesta(on in Cáceres and Cravo Norte, Colombia
Developed by: Victor David Giraldo T. and Yougha von Laer Version: 1 Date: April 25, 2011
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Summary DescripAon of the Project The project envisions the reforesta(on of grasslands and degraded ex‐mining lands in Colombia. The grasslands show low soil carbon content because of soil degrada(on and/or climate‐edaphic condi(ons. The forestry project ac(vity proposes to reforest ~ 1,230 ha in the area of Cáceres/An(oquia and ~ 9,640 ha in CravoNorte/Arauca. Since 2002, Asorpar Ltd. has been refores(ng land with various tree species planted in different stand models that allow for natural regenera(on of flown‐in seeds on the reforesta(on sites. Asorpar Ltd. puts emphasis on promo(ng mixed stands. This differen(ates their approach from other commercial planta(on forestry en((es ac(ve in Colombia. The management of mixed stands is far more challenging than that of monocultures. This circumstance is reinforced by the fact that liWle is known about several tree species planted in the project, par(cularly with regard to their growth performance and silvicultural management. Hence, the proposed project ac(vity offers a unique opportunity to obtain valuable knowledge about silvicultural management prac(ces for mixed planta(on forestry and suitability of na(ve tree species for commercial planta(on forestry. The project ac(vity is carried out in two areas: Cáceres and Cravo Norte. The previous land use in Cáceres was extensive livestock farming due to the availability of open grass vegeta(on caused by historic deforesta(on in the area. Gold mining is considered to be a feasible commercial ac(vity in the region. The previous land use in Cravo Norte was extensive livestock farming. That ac(vity was favoured by open grass vegeta(on due to climate‐edaphic condi(ons. Similar lands, in the vicinity of Cáceres and Cravo Norte, have similar land cover and are not expected to be used for private, large‐scale na(ve species planta(ons as alterna(ve land use. The project ac(vity is implemented by the private company Asorpar Ltd (Asesorías en Ornato Paisajismo y Reforestación, Ltda.). The legal representa(ve is Juan Guillermo Molina, the technical manager is Luis Gonzalo Moscoso.
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Project LocaAon The project is located in two different Departments of Colombia. The first site is located in Cáceres Municipality in the Department of An(oquia. The second site is located in Cravo Norte Municipality in the Department of Arauca. Cáceres is a town and municipality in the Colombian department of An(oquia. Cáceres is bordered on the north by the department of Córdoba and the municipality of Caucasia, on the east by the municipali(es of Caucasia and Zaragoza, on the south by the AnoríTarazá, and on the west by Tarazá and the department of Cordoba. Besides subsistence agriculture, the main legal economic ac(vity of the district is mining. Two indigenous groups are seWled in Cáceres: Nutabes and Tahamíes. 1 Arauca is a department of Colombia located in the extreme northern part of Colombia that borders Venezuela (the Orinoco or Llanos Oriental area). It is bordered in the south by the Casanare River and the Meta River, which separate it from the departments of Casanare and Vichada. The Boyacá department is on the western border. The Caño Limón oil fields, located in its territory, account for 30% of Colombian oil output. The previous land use in Cáceres was extensive livestock farming. That ac(vity was favoured by open grass vegeta(on. Gold mining is considered to be a feasible alterna(ve in the region. The previous land use in Cravo Norte was extensive livestock farming. That ac(vity was favoured by open grass vegeta(on due to climate‐edaphic condi(ons. Similar lands, in the vicinity of Cáceres and Cravo Norte, have similar land cover and are not expected to be used for private reforesta(on projects.
1hWp://www.caceres‐an(oquia.gov.co/
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Map 1: SituaAonal map of the Caceres project in the State of AnAoquia
Map 2: SituaAonal Map of the Cravo Norte project in the State of Arauca
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Map 3: Project Parcel locaAon in Caceres
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Map 4: LocaAon of the project parcels in Cravo Norte
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Monitoring methodology The project en(ty has developed data registry forms. The forms are available both as paper and electronic formats on Asorpar’s web‐page to ensure that the informa(on is stored in mul(ple ways. Generally data are collected in paper formats following the SOPs during field measurement. Data are then transferred to a web‐based database. The web‐based database minimizes errors that easily occur due to the circula(on of different versions of data sheets.
Monitoring of Biodiversity In order to monitor the flora and fauna species in the municipality of Cáceres, an inventory was developed between 20 to 28 February 2011 by foresters and field assistants. The sampling was done in one permanent plot within each of the substrata on Cáceres I, II, III, IV and VII, according to the guidelines set forth in the CCBA PDD (B3 ‐ Biodiversity Impact Monitoring), in the Monitoring Plan and correspond to plots previously established for the monitoring of carbon stocks for which there is a clearly defined protocol selng in the inventory of the flora. In the case of wildlife, photos were taken of each species if possible. Asorpar has historically implemented a registra(on and monitoring system of flora and fauna in the study area. This process has allowed the development of a basic inventory contained in the book "Reforesta(on a natural process" which is an iden(fica(on tool for the biodiversity found in the monitoring plots. Once the plots were established, the flora and fauna iden(fied and the photographic records taken were compared to the database contained in the book above. This process helped to iden(fy new species comparing with the established baseline. All informa(on recorded on the new monitoring plots was registered according to SOP's designed for this process found on the web page.
Monitoring of direct social impacts The community monitoring plan seeks to measure the direct impacts of the project through surveys with the employees. The variables monitored were selected based on an evalua(on of poten(al posi(ve and nega(ve direct impacts of the project ac(vity and based on the categories of the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach including social capital, financial capital, natural capital and human capital. These variables included income, employment, local par(cipa(on, professional know‐how, job security and environmental factors. To evaluate the variables, the following scale has been used: 1: Bad 2: Regular 3: Good 4: Very good 5: Excellent
Monitoring Results South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
Biodiversity Monitoring Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5 describe the flora and fauna registered in the study area at baseline condi(ons, and Table 6 to 11, the new iden(fied species in the monitoring plots. The wildlife inventory in the project condi(ons is currently being iden(fied, so their species and genre are not listed in this report yet. The established baseline in 2005 iden(fies 33 species including amphibians, buWerflies, snakes, and others, 35 bird species and 19 plants.
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Table 3: Fauna inventory (baseline) for Cáceres ScienAfic Name
Common Name
Hamadryas laodamia sauri-s
Mariposa Rechinadora
Heliconius hecale Opfiphanes tamarindi‐Brassolinae Heliconius melpomene Acrocinus longimanus Iguana iguana Boa constrictor Oxybelis sp Caiman crocodilus Amazona amazonica Ara Macao Ara ararauana Prochilodus re-culatus magdalenae Pseudopla-stoma fasciatum Sorubim lima Leporinus muyscorum Geochelone carbonaria Sciurus granatensis Dasypus novemcinctus Sylvilagus floridanus Nasua nasua Agou- paca Hidrochaeris hidrocheris Cavassous cavassous Aotus lemurinus Ateles belzebuth Carollia perspicillata Dasyprocta punctata Tayassu tajacu Bradypus variegatus Potos flavus Felis (grina
Anzarina Mariposa Marioposa Longicornio Iguana Boa Pó Bejuquillo S(fle Babilla Loro Fren(azul Guacamayo Bandera Guacamaya gonzala Bocachico Capish / Bagre Tilefish / Blanquillo Comelón Morrocoy Turtle / Tortuga Morrocoy Squirrel / Ardilla Armadillo Conejo Cosumbo Gua(naja Capybara / Chigüiro Gurr Gurre Marteja Spider monkey / Mono araña Fruit Bat / Murciélago frutero Agou( / Ñeque Saino Perezoso Perrito de monte Tigrillo
Saguinus oedipus
Tit pielroja
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Table 4: Bird inventory (baseline) for Cáceres ScienAfic Name Tangara cyanicollis
Common Name Tangara cabeciazul
Tangara gyrola Machaeropterus regulus Manacus manacus Pipra erythrocephala Schistochlamys melanoplis Pteroglossus torquatus Elaenia flavogaster Thryothorus spadix Thamnophilus mul-striatus Anthracothorax migricollis Chrysolampis mosquitus Amazilia taacatl Amazi-a amabilis Chlorophanes spiza Dacnis lineata Sporophila schistacea Columbina passerina Penelope ortoni Elanoides forficatus Buteo magnirostris Heterospizias meridionalis Milvago chimachima Sarcoramphus papa Ceryle torquatad Casmerodius albus Ara macao Ara ararauana Ognohynchus ictero-s Amazona amazonica Dendrocygna vichuata Tyranus malancholicus
Tangara bandera Red‐headed Manakin / Saltarín cabecirrojo RaWle / Matraca Golden‐headed Manakin / Saltarín cabeza dorada Black‐faced Tanager / Tangara de cara negra Tucaneta Atrapamoscas copetón Wren / Cucarachero Carcajada Cheeked Hummingbird / Colibrí pechinegro Rubi Hummingbird / Colibrí rubí Tominejo Tominejo de garganta azul Green Honeyeater / Mielero verde Azulejo Semillerito Turtledove / Tórtola Guacharaca Gavilán (jerata Gavilán caminero Gavilán habado Halcón garrapatero Rey de los gallinazos Kingfisher / Martn pescador Garza real Scarlet Macaw / Guacamaya bandera Gonzala Macaw / Guacamaya gonzala Yellow‐eared parrot / Loro orejiamarillo Blue‐front parrot / Loro fren(azul Pisingo Sirirí
Icterus chrysater Crotophaga sp. Chrysop-lus punc-gula
Toche Garrapatero Carpintero payaso
Table 5: Flora inventory (baseline) for Cáceres ScienAfic Name
Common Name
Heliconia rigida Heliconia platyistachys Heliconia la-spatha
Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia
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Heliconia mariae Heliconia wagneriana Peters Heliconia spatocircinata Heliconia la-spatha Renealmia sp. Iser-a sp Palicourea sp Cochlospermum Passiflora vi-folia Brownea ariza Bactris pilosa Oenocarpus bataua Socratea exorrhiza APalea cuatrecasana Astrocaryum sp Calathea lutea
Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia Mata Andrea Coralillo rojo o fosforito Fosforito Papayote Granadilla de monte Ariza Palma lata Palm Palma mil pesos Palma zancona Palma taparo Palma lanceta Bijao
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Table 6: Example SOP for the flora inventory in substratum 1.1
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Table 7: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 2.1
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Table 8: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 1.2
Table 9: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 1.3
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Table 10: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 1.4
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Table 11: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 2.2.
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Photographic records of fauna in the monitoring plots The species are in an iden(fica(on process
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Community Monitoring In the graphs 1 to 15 is presents the summary of the answers to the community survey. In general is clear that the project development has improved the quality life in the area at financial, human and social level. In general y axis represents the number of answers. South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
Human Capital:
Graph 1:Did you gain knowledge on reforesta(on and sustainable management? 1: Bad 2: Regular 3: Good 4: Very good 5: Excellent Answers 4
17
5
1
Average ra(ng: 4
Graph 2: In your work with Asorpar have you used tools and equipment that you do not know? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
8
4
10
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Graph 3: If you used machines so far, have you been trained in a proper way? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
14
4
3
2
1
Average ra(ng: 3.1
Graph 4: Is there usually enough work for local people of the region in the project area? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 4
18
Average ra(ng: 4 Financial Capital:
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Graph 5: Do you work full (me for Asorpar? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
16
No
2
Graph 6: Do you work in other places? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
3
No
15
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Graph 7: Do you earn more or less money than in your previous job? More (1), Less (0) Answers More
17
Less
1
Social Capital:
Graph 8: Have you received any training working with Asorpar? Yes (1), No (0) Evaluated Yes
18
No
0
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Graph 9: The training was useful? Yes (1), No (0) Evaluated Yes
18
No
0
Graph 10: Are you from this zone? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
17
No
1
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Graph 11: Do your co‐workers also come from the project area? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
17
No
Natural Capital:
Graph 12: Have you seen more species of animals and plants? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
6
4
12
Average ra(ng: 3.67
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Graph 13: Have you no(ced an improvement in water quality at the project site? 1: Bad 2: Regular 3: Good 4: Very good 5: Excellent Answers 3
6
4
10
5
2
Average ra(ng: 3.78
Graph 14: Have soil condi(ons improved? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent
Answers 3
5
4
13
Average ra(ng: 3.72
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Graph 15: Have you no(ced any posi(ve changes in climate? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
8
4
10
Average ra(ng: 3.56
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Annex 1: Boundary coordinates for the project areas Name
Caceres I
Caceres II
Caceres III
LaAtude 7º36'20.36"N 7º36'13.72"N 7º36'12.85N 7º36'00.54"N 7º35'53.61"N 7º35'46.73"N 7º35'32.75"N 7º35'37.62"N 7º35'33.51"N 7º35'35.87"N 7º35'30.44"N 7º35'26.19"N 7º35'21.25"N 7º35'41.71"N 7º35'38.97"N 7º35'50.14"N 7º36'04.47"N 7º36'14.74"N 7º36'08.84"N 7º36'16.60"N 7°36’18.28''N 7°36’14.43''N 7°35’01.896''N 7°34’49.738''N 7°34’53.901''N 7°34’42.615''N 7°34’36.869''N 7°34’33.976''N 7°34’13.36''N 7°34’41.05''N 7°34’55.521''N 7°35’05.373''N 7°35’17.568''N 7°35’25.143''N 7°35’31.045''N 7°35’46.822''N 7º35'35.23"N 7º35'32.02"N 7º35'27.04"N 7º35'12.74"N 7º35'08.88"N 7º35'06.30"N 7º34'55.77"N 7º34'48.14"N 7º34'51.83"N 7º34'51.54"N 7º34'48.59"N 7º34'45.43"N 7º34'50.01"N
Longitude 75º17'54.96"W 75º18'08.04"W 75º18'02.00"W 75º17'55.64"W 75º18'04.60"W 75º18'00.17"W 75º18'09.40"W 75º18'01.76"W 75º18'01.16"W 75º17'57.34"W 75º17'57.62"W 75º17'54.37"W 75º17'34.05"W 75º17'16.89"W 75º16'58.64"W 75º16'52.35"W 75º17'14.46"W 75º17’17.13"W 75º17’25.36"W 75º17'32.59"W 75°19’35.41''W 75°19’46.25''W 75°20’40.214''W 75°20’32.554''W 75°20’27.309''W 75°20’06.736''W 75°20’10.876''W 75°19`58.641''W 75°19’31.984''W 75°19’21.763''W 75°19’13.175''W 75°19’01.021''W 75°19’19.159''W 75°19’12.725''W 75°19’12.078''W 75°19’11.777''W 75º14’52.21"W 75º15'04.14"W 75º15'13.38"W 75º15'13.14"W 75º15'09.25"W 75º15'09.24"W 75º15'11.90"W 75º15'06.41"W 75º15'02.04"W 75º14'57.76"W 75º14'48.70"W 75º14'42.03"W 75º14'35.77"W
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Caceres III
Caceres IV
Caceres VII
7º34'52.98"N 7º34'52.87"N 7º34'58.12"N 7º35'03.87"N 7º35'08.44"N 7º35'11.42"N 7º35'11.81"N 7º35'09.72"N 7º35'19.83"N 7º35'23.01"N 7º35'24.61"N 7º35'28.89"N 7°36'17,023"N 7°36'27,611"N 7°36'35,49"N 7°36'36,061"N 7°36'39,751"N 7°36'33,85"N 7°36'24,517"N 7°36'19,633"N 7°36'13,831"N 7°36'16,847"N 7°36'11,031"N 7°36'1,348"N 7°35'58,199"N 7°35'54,596"N 7°35'54,597"N 7°35'49,638"N 7°35'44,361"N 7°35'39,493"N 7°35'39,588"N 7°35'37,75"N 7°35'37,266"N 7°35'34,387"N 7°35'34,903"N 7°35'39,611"N 7°35'43,399"N 7°35'47,504"N 7°35'58,61"N 7°36'1,449"N 7°36'5,628"N 7°36'12,08"N 7°42'48.34"N 7°43'0.667"N 7°43'15,143"N 7°43'51,665"N 7°43'57,171"N 7°43'56,827"N 7°43'58,261"N 7°44'12,711"N 7°44'11,42"N 7°43'57,377"N
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75º14'39.86"W 75º14'42.05"W 75º14'48.92"W 75º14'48.84"W 75º14'50.25"W 75º14'48.86"W 75º14'50.35"W 75º14'53.53"W 75º14'57.34"W 75º14'55.66"W 75º14'52.68"W 75º14'49.70"W 75°12'39,638"W 75°12'37,73"W 75°12'43,979"W 75°12'50,631"W 75°12'52,577"W 75°13'0,811"W 75°13'4,743"W 75°13'9,192"W 75°13'11,702"W 75°13'14,74"W 75°13'22,469"W 75°13'18,908"W 75°13'15,112"W 75°13'11,904"W 75°13'11,735"W 75°13'13,069"W 75°13'7,163"W 75°13'5,887"W 75°13'1,763"W 75°12'57,97"W 75°12'50,224"W 75°12'44,156"W 75°12'39,444"W 75°12'37,857"W 75°12'34,668"W 75°12'38,466"W 75°12'31,509"W 75°12'37,914"W 75°12'41,797"W 75°12'47,622"W 75°14'24.73"W 75°14'26.009"W 75°14'29,21"W 75°14'39,625"W 75°14'40,316"W 75°14'42,209"W 75°14'49,495"W 75°14'59,479"W 75°15'12,798"W 75°15'13,504"W
Caceres VII
Finca El Espejo
Finca Sol Naciente
Finca El Espiritu Santo
Finca La Magdalena
Finca La Maria
Finca La Trinidad
7°43'49,701"N 7°43'37,91"N 7°43'27,922"N 7°43'17,894"N 7°43'25,17"N 7°43'2,32"N 7°42'36,962"N 7°42'33,701"N 7°43'45,166"N 7°42'46,227"N 6°22'0.17"N 6°21'21.842"N 6°21'46.481"N 6°21'42.274N 6°20'50.425N 6°20'25.71N 6°20'40.171N 6°20'30.331N 6°24'57.44"N 6°26'30,311"N 6°26'32.804"N 6°27'22,039"N 6°26'58.35"N 6°26'6.055"N 6°25'14.9"N 6°24'57.44"N 6°25'14.9"N 6°24'54.33"N 6°24'10.956"N 6°23'32.315"N 6°22'53.675"N 6°24'32.769"N 6°23'55.624"N 6°26'58.35"N 6°26'6.055"N 6°25'14.9"N 6°26'29.064"N 6°25'32.35"N 6°24'54.33"N 6°23'35,297"N 6°23'19,347"N 6°22'12,933"N 6°21'22,626"N 6°22'1,062"N 6°23'55.624"N 6°23'21.035"N 6°22'59.066"N 6°22'0.17"N 6°21'21.842"N 6°22'3.91"N 6°22'45.511"N 6°24'54.33"N
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Finca San Mar(n
75°15'13,623"W 75°15'12,18"W 75°15'9,668"W 75°14'53,024"W 75°14'32,535"W 75°14'56,018"W 75°14'45,204"W 75°14'36,998"W 75°14'35,601"W 75°14'32,561"W 70°18'48.619"W 70°21'22.869"W 70°18'7.383"W 70°18'44.719"W 70°21'28.996"W 70°20'22.212"W 70°18'23.107"W 70°18'10.176"W 70°20'59.91"W 70°20'48.70"W 70°20'25.018"W 70°20'15.66"W 70°21'21.109"W 70°21'31.08"W 70°21'38.559"W 70°20'59.91"W 70°21'38.559"W 70°21'44.16"W 70°21'58.503"W 70°22'39.636"W 70°21'53.517"W 70°20'9.437"W 70°20'37.062"W 70°21'21.109"W 70°21'31.08"W 70°21'38.559"W 70°22'34.65"W 70°22'50.23"W 70°21'44.16"W 70°19'55,863"W 70°19'18,211"W 70°19'2,261"W 70°21'24,764"W 70°21'27,64"W 70°20'37.062"W 70°19'19.002"W 70°19'3.109"W 70°18'48.619"W 70°21'22.869"W 70°21'16.793"W 70°21'52.784"W 70°21'44.16"W
Finca San Mar(n
FincaMacanilla
FincaMatecorozo
FincaBetania
Finca 3213 Has
Finca Chaparral
FincaBerraquera
6°25'19.512"N 6°23'36.055"N 6°23'12.37"N 6°24'10.956"N 6°20'56.102’’N 6°21'19.162’’N 6°21'40.352’’N 6°21'39.728’’N 6°22'26.471’’N 6°22'52.959’’N 6°22'31.267’’N 6°22'25.79’’N 6°21'56.911’’N 6°20'53.547’’N 6°20'53.547’’N 6°20'57.191’’N 6°20'24.319’’N 6°20'46.864’’N 6°21'37.147’’N 6°20'57.191’’N 6°20'24.319’’N 6°20'45.034’’N 6°20'6.033’’N 6°20'11.579’’N 6°20'18.457’’N 6°23'19.662"N 6°23'9.671"N 6°21'46.481"N 6°20'30.331’’N 6°20'12.476’’N 6°20'16.215’’N 6°20'56.102’’N 6°21'19.162’’N 6°21'40.352’’N 6°21'39.728’’N 6°22'26.471’’N 6°22'45.168’’N 6°22'58.87’’N 6°23'46.868’’N 6°23'43.75’’N 6°23'53.724’’N 6°23'47.491’’N 6°21'21.842"N 6°22'3.91"N 6°22'45.511"N 6°20'50.618"N 6°20'19.229"N 6°20'55.512"N 6°22'59.066"N 6°22'0.17"N 6°23'21.765"N 6°23'19.662"N
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70°22'29.664"W 70°23'38.84"W 70°23'0.203"W 70°21'58.503"W 70°15' 30.212"W 70°15' 44.546"W 70°15' 49.532"W 70°15' 29.58"W 70°14' 53.441"W 70°14' 27.38"W 70°14' 28.76"W 70°14' 36.445"W 70°14' 7.47"W 70°14' 34.514"W 70°14' 34.514"W 70°13' 33.58"W 70°14' 13.027"W 70°14' 21.906"W 70°14' 15.192"W 70°13' 33.58"W 70°14' 13.027"W 70°13' 24.74"W 70°13' 47.922"W 70°13' 59.569"W 70°14' 3.673"W 70°18'11.59"W 70°18'18.163"W 70°18'7.383"W 70°18' 10.176"W 70°16' 26.303"W 70°15' 22.11"W 70°15' 30.212"W 70°15' 44.546"W 70°15' 49.532"W 70°15' 29.58"W 70°14' 53.441"W 70°15' 17.747"W 70°15' 57.011"W 70°16' 17.578"W 70°16' 30.042"W 70°16' 49.986"W 70°17' 29.249"W 70°21'22.869"W 70°21'16.793"W 70°21'52.784"W 70°21'29.074"W 70°22'19.079"W 70°23'24.744"W 70°19'3.109"W 70°18'48.619"W 70°18'46.822"W 70°18'11.59"W
FincaBerraquera 6°23'9.671"N 6°21'46.481"N 6°21'42.274"N
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70°18'18.163"W 70°18'7.383"W 70°18'44.719"W
Annex 2: Community Impact Monitoring (spanish version)
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Developed by: Victor David Giraldo T. and Yougha von Laer Version: 1 Date: April 25, 2011
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Table of Contents The table of contents is empty because none of the paragraph styles selected in the Document Inspector are used in the document.
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Summary DescripAon of the Project The project envisions the reforesta(on of grasslands and degraded ex‐mining lands in Colombia. The grasslands show low soil carbon content because of soil degrada(on and/or climate‐edaphic condi(ons. The forestry project ac(vity proposes to reforest ~ 1,230 ha in the area of Cáceres/An(oquia and ~ 9,640 ha in CravoNorte/Arauca. Since 2002, Asorpar Ltd. has been refores(ng land with various tree species planted in different stand models that allow for natural regenera(on of flown‐in seeds on the reforesta(on sites. Asorpar Ltd. puts emphasis on promo(ng mixed stands. This differen(ates their approach from other commercial planta(on forestry en((es ac(ve in Colombia. The management of mixed stands is far more challenging than that of monocultures. This circumstance is reinforced by the fact that liWle is known about several tree species planted in the project, par(cularly with regard to their growth performance and silvicultural management. Hence, the proposed project ac(vity offers a unique opportunity to obtain valuable knowledge about silvicultural management prac(ces for mixed planta(on forestry and suitability of na(ve tree species for commercial planta(on forestry. The project ac(vity is carried out in two areas: Cáceres and Cravo Norte. The previous land use in Cáceres was extensive livestock farming due to the availability of open grass vegeta(on caused by historic deforesta(on in the area. Gold mining is considered to be a feasible commercial ac(vity in the region. The previous land use in Cravo Norte was extensive livestock farming. That ac(vity was favoured by open grass vegeta(on due to climate‐edaphic condi(ons. Similar lands, in the vicinity of Cáceres and Cravo Norte, have similar land cover and are not expected to be used for private, large‐scale na(ve species planta(ons as alterna(ve land use. The project ac(vity is implemented by the private company Asorpar Ltd (Asesorías en Ornato Paisajismo y Reforestación, Ltda.). The legal representa(ve is Juan Guillermo Molina, the technical manager is Luis Gonzalo Moscoso.
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Project LocaAon The project is located in two different Departments of Colombia. The first site is located in Cáceres Municipality in the Department of An(oquia. The second site is located in Cravo Norte Municipality in the Department of Arauca. Cáceres is a town and municipality in the Colombian department of An(oquia. Cáceres is bordered on the north by the department of Córdoba and the municipality of Caucasia, on the east by the municipali(es of Caucasia and Zaragoza, on the south by the AnoríTarazá, and on the west by Tarazá and the department of Cordoba. Besides subsistence agriculture, the main legal economic ac(vity of the district is mining. Two indigenous groups are seWled in Cáceres: Nutabes and Tahamíes. 1 Arauca is a department of Colombia located in the extreme northern part of Colombia that borders Venezuela (the Orinoco or Llanos Oriental area). It is bordered in the south by the Casanare River and the Meta River, which separate it from the departments of Casanare and Vichada. The Boyacá department is on the western border. The Caño Limón oil fields, located in its territory, account for 30% of Colombian oil output. The previous land use in Cáceres was extensive livestock farming. That ac(vity was favoured by open grass vegeta(on. Gold mining is considered to be a feasible alterna(ve in the region. The previous land use in Cravo Norte was extensive livestock farming. That ac(vity was favoured by open grass vegeta(on due to climate‐edaphic condi(ons. Similar lands, in the vicinity of Cáceres and Cravo Norte, have similar land cover and are not expected to be used for private reforesta(on projects.
1hWp://www.caceres‐an(oquia.gov.co/
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Map 1: SituaAonal map of the Caceres project in the State of AnAoquia
Map 2: SituaAonal Map of the Cravo Norte project in the State of Arauca
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Map 3: Project Parcel locaAon in Caceres
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Map 4: LocaAon of the project parcels in Cravo Norte
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Monitoring methodology The project en(ty has developed data registry forms. The forms are available both as paper and electronic formats on Asorpar’s web‐page to ensure that the informa(on is stored in mul(ple ways. Generally data are collected in paper formats following the SOPs during field measurement. Data are then transferred to a web‐based database. The web‐based database minimizes errors that easily occur due to the circula(on of different versions of data sheets.
Monitoring of Biodiversity In order to monitor the flora and fauna species in the municipality of Cáceres, an inventory was developed between 20 to 28 February 2011 by foresters and field assistants. The sampling was done in one permanent plot within each of the substrata on Cáceres I, II, III, IV and VII, according to the guidelines set forth in the CCBA PDD (B3 ‐ Biodiversity Impact Monitoring), in the Monitoring Plan and correspond to plots previously established for the monitoring of carbon stocks for which there is a clearly defined protocol selng in the inventory of the flora. In the case of wildlife, photos were taken of each species if possible. Asorpar has historically implemented a registra(on and monitoring system of flora and fauna in the study area. This process has allowed the development of a basic inventory contained in the book "Reforesta(on a natural process" which is an iden(fica(on tool for the biodiversity found in the monitoring plots. Once the plots were established, the flora and fauna iden(fied and the photographic records taken were compared to the database contained in the book above. This process helped to iden(fy new species comparing with the established baseline. All informa(on recorded on the new monitoring plots was registered according to SOP's designed for this process found on the web page.
Monitoring of direct social impacts The community monitoring plan seeks to measure the direct impacts of the project through surveys with the employees. The variables monitored were selected based on an evalua(on of poten(al posi(ve and nega(ve direct impacts of the project ac(vity and based on the categories of the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach including social capital, financial capital, natural capital and human capital. These variables included income, employment, local par(cipa(on, professional know‐how, job security and environmental factors. To evaluate the variables, the following scale has been used: 1: Bad 2: Regular 3: Good 4: Very good 5: Excellent
Monitoring Results South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
Biodiversity Monitoring Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5 describe the flora and fauna registered in the study area at baseline condi(ons, and Table 6 to 11, the new iden(fied species in the monitoring plots. The wildlife inventory in the project condi(ons is currently being iden(fied, so their species and genre are not listed in this report yet. The established baseline in 2005 iden(fies 33 species including amphibians, buWerflies, snakes, and others, 35 bird species and 19 plants.
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Table 3: Fauna inventory (baseline) for Cáceres ScienAfic Name
Common Name
Hamadryas laodamia sauri-s
Mariposa Rechinadora
Heliconius hecale Opfiphanes tamarindi‐Brassolinae Heliconius melpomene Acrocinus longimanus Iguana iguana Boa constrictor Oxybelis sp Caiman crocodilus Amazona amazonica Ara Macao Ara ararauana Prochilodus re-culatus magdalenae Pseudopla-stoma fasciatum Sorubim lima Leporinus muyscorum Geochelone carbonaria Sciurus granatensis Dasypus novemcinctus Sylvilagus floridanus Nasua nasua Agou- paca Hidrochaeris hidrocheris Cavassous cavassous Aotus lemurinus Ateles belzebuth Carollia perspicillata Dasyprocta punctata Tayassu tajacu Bradypus variegatus Potos flavus Felis (grina
Anzarina Mariposa Marioposa Longicornio Iguana Boa Pó Bejuquillo S(fle Babilla Loro Fren(azul Guacamayo Bandera Guacamaya gonzala Bocachico Capish / Bagre Tilefish / Blanquillo Comelón Morrocoy Turtle / Tortuga Morrocoy Squirrel / Ardilla Armadillo Conejo Cosumbo Gua(naja Capybara / Chigüiro Gurr Gurre Marteja Spider monkey / Mono araña Fruit Bat / Murciélago frutero Agou( / Ñeque Saino Perezoso Perrito de monte Tigrillo
Saguinus oedipus
Tit pielroja
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Table 4: Bird inventory (baseline) for Cáceres ScienAfic Name Tangara cyanicollis
Common Name Tangara cabeciazul
Tangara gyrola Machaeropterus regulus Manacus manacus Pipra erythrocephala Schistochlamys melanoplis Pteroglossus torquatus Elaenia flavogaster Thryothorus spadix Thamnophilus mul-striatus Anthracothorax migricollis Chrysolampis mosquitus Amazilia taacatl Amazi-a amabilis Chlorophanes spiza Dacnis lineata Sporophila schistacea Columbina passerina Penelope ortoni Elanoides forficatus Buteo magnirostris Heterospizias meridionalis Milvago chimachima Sarcoramphus papa Ceryle torquatad Casmerodius albus Ara macao Ara ararauana Ognohynchus ictero-s Amazona amazonica Dendrocygna vichuata Tyranus malancholicus
Tangara bandera Red‐headed Manakin / Saltarín cabecirrojo RaWle / Matraca Golden‐headed Manakin / Saltarín cabeza dorada Black‐faced Tanager / Tangara de cara negra Tucaneta Atrapamoscas copetón Wren / Cucarachero Carcajada Cheeked Hummingbird / Colibrí pechinegro Rubi Hummingbird / Colibrí rubí Tominejo Tominejo de garganta azul Green Honeyeater / Mielero verde Azulejo Semillerito Turtledove / Tórtola Guacharaca Gavilán (jerata Gavilán caminero Gavilán habado Halcón garrapatero Rey de los gallinazos Kingfisher / Martn pescador Garza real Scarlet Macaw / Guacamaya bandera Gonzala Macaw / Guacamaya gonzala Yellow‐eared parrot / Loro orejiamarillo Blue‐front parrot / Loro fren(azul Pisingo Sirirí
Icterus chrysater Crotophaga sp. Chrysop-lus punc-gula
Toche Garrapatero Carpintero payaso
Table 5: Flora inventory (baseline) for Cáceres ScienAfic Name
Common Name
Heliconia rigida Heliconia platyistachys Heliconia la-spatha
Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia
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Heliconia mariae Heliconia wagneriana Peters Heliconia spatocircinata Heliconia la-spatha Renealmia sp. Iser-a sp Palicourea sp Cochlospermum Passiflora vi-folia Brownea ariza Bactris pilosa Oenocarpus bataua Socratea exorrhiza APalea cuatrecasana Astrocaryum sp Calathea lutea
Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia Mata Andrea Coralillo rojo o fosforito Fosforito Papayote Granadilla de monte Ariza Palma lata Palm Palma mil pesos Palma zancona Palma taparo Palma lanceta Bijao
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Table 6: Example SOP for the flora inventory in substratum 1.1
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Table 7: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 2.1
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Table 8: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 1.2
Table 9: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 1.3
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Table 10: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 1.4
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Table 11: SOP for flora inventory in substratum 2.2.
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Photographic records of fauna in the monitoring plots The species are in an iden(fica(on process
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Community Monitoring In the graphs 1 to 15 is presents the summary of the answers to the community survey. In general is clear that the project development has improved the quality life in the area at financial, human and social level. In general y axis represents the number of answers. South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
Human Capital:
Graph 1:Did you gain knowledge on reforesta(on and sustainable management? 1: Bad 2: Regular 3: Good 4: Very good 5: Excellent Answers 4
17
5
1
Average ra(ng: 4
Graph 2: In your work with Asorpar have you used tools and equipment that you do not know? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
8
4
10
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Graph 3: If you used machines so far, have you been trained in a proper way? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
14
4
3
2
1
Average ra(ng: 3.1
Graph 4: Is there usually enough work for local people of the region in the project area? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 4
18
Average ra(ng: 4 Financial Capital:
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Graph 5: Do you work full (me for Asorpar? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
16
No
2
Graph 6: Do you work in other places? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
3
No
15
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Graph 7: Do you earn more or less money than in your previous job? More (1), Less (0) Answers More
17
Less
1
Social Capital:
Graph 8: Have you received any training working with Asorpar? Yes (1), No (0) Evaluated Yes
18
No
0
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Graph 9: The training was useful? Yes (1), No (0) Evaluated Yes
18
No
0
Graph 10: Are you from this zone? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
17
No
1
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Graph 11: Do your co‐workers also come from the project area? Yes (1), No (0) Answers Yes
17
No
Natural Capital:
Graph 12: Have you seen more species of animals and plants? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
6
4
12
Average ra(ng: 3.67
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Graph 13: Have you no(ced an improvement in water quality at the project site? 1: Bad 2: Regular 3: Good 4: Very good 5: Excellent Answers 3
6
4
10
5
2
Average ra(ng: 3.78
Graph 14: Have soil condi(ons improved? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent
Answers 3
5
4
13
Average ra(ng: 3.72
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Graph 15: Have you no(ced any posi(ve changes in climate? 1: Bad; 2: Regular; 3: Good; 4: Very good; 5: Excellent Answers 3
8
4
10
Average ra(ng: 3.56
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Annex 1: Boundary coordinates for the project areas Name
Caceres I
Caceres II
Caceres III
LaAtude 7º36'20.36"N 7º36'13.72"N 7º36'12.85N 7º36'00.54"N 7º35'53.61"N 7º35'46.73"N 7º35'32.75"N 7º35'37.62"N 7º35'33.51"N 7º35'35.87"N 7º35'30.44"N 7º35'26.19"N 7º35'21.25"N 7º35'41.71"N 7º35'38.97"N 7º35'50.14"N 7º36'04.47"N 7º36'14.74"N 7º36'08.84"N 7º36'16.60"N 7°36’18.28''N 7°36’14.43''N 7°35’01.896''N 7°34’49.738''N 7°34’53.901''N 7°34’42.615''N 7°34’36.869''N 7°34’33.976''N 7°34’13.36''N 7°34’41.05''N 7°34’55.521''N 7°35’05.373''N 7°35’17.568''N 7°35’25.143''N 7°35’31.045''N 7°35’46.822''N 7º35'35.23"N 7º35'32.02"N 7º35'27.04"N 7º35'12.74"N 7º35'08.88"N 7º35'06.30"N 7º34'55.77"N 7º34'48.14"N 7º34'51.83"N 7º34'51.54"N 7º34'48.59"N 7º34'45.43"N 7º34'50.01"N
Longitude 75º17'54.96"W 75º18'08.04"W 75º18'02.00"W 75º17'55.64"W 75º18'04.60"W 75º18'00.17"W 75º18'09.40"W 75º18'01.76"W 75º18'01.16"W 75º17'57.34"W 75º17'57.62"W 75º17'54.37"W 75º17'34.05"W 75º17'16.89"W 75º16'58.64"W 75º16'52.35"W 75º17'14.46"W 75º17’17.13"W 75º17’25.36"W 75º17'32.59"W 75°19’35.41''W 75°19’46.25''W 75°20’40.214''W 75°20’32.554''W 75°20’27.309''W 75°20’06.736''W 75°20’10.876''W 75°19`58.641''W 75°19’31.984''W 75°19’21.763''W 75°19’13.175''W 75°19’01.021''W 75°19’19.159''W 75°19’12.725''W 75°19’12.078''W 75°19’11.777''W 75º14’52.21"W 75º15'04.14"W 75º15'13.38"W 75º15'13.14"W 75º15'09.25"W 75º15'09.24"W 75º15'11.90"W 75º15'06.41"W 75º15'02.04"W 75º14'57.76"W 75º14'48.70"W 75º14'42.03"W 75º14'35.77"W
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Caceres III
Caceres IV
Caceres VII
7º34'52.98"N 7º34'52.87"N 7º34'58.12"N 7º35'03.87"N 7º35'08.44"N 7º35'11.42"N 7º35'11.81"N 7º35'09.72"N 7º35'19.83"N 7º35'23.01"N 7º35'24.61"N 7º35'28.89"N 7°36'17,023"N 7°36'27,611"N 7°36'35,49"N 7°36'36,061"N 7°36'39,751"N 7°36'33,85"N 7°36'24,517"N 7°36'19,633"N 7°36'13,831"N 7°36'16,847"N 7°36'11,031"N 7°36'1,348"N 7°35'58,199"N 7°35'54,596"N 7°35'54,597"N 7°35'49,638"N 7°35'44,361"N 7°35'39,493"N 7°35'39,588"N 7°35'37,75"N 7°35'37,266"N 7°35'34,387"N 7°35'34,903"N 7°35'39,611"N 7°35'43,399"N 7°35'47,504"N 7°35'58,61"N 7°36'1,449"N 7°36'5,628"N 7°36'12,08"N 7°42'48.34"N 7°43'0.667"N 7°43'15,143"N 7°43'51,665"N 7°43'57,171"N 7°43'56,827"N 7°43'58,261"N 7°44'12,711"N 7°44'11,42"N 7°43'57,377"N
South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
75º14'39.86"W 75º14'42.05"W 75º14'48.92"W 75º14'48.84"W 75º14'50.25"W 75º14'48.86"W 75º14'50.35"W 75º14'53.53"W 75º14'57.34"W 75º14'55.66"W 75º14'52.68"W 75º14'49.70"W 75°12'39,638"W 75°12'37,73"W 75°12'43,979"W 75°12'50,631"W 75°12'52,577"W 75°13'0,811"W 75°13'4,743"W 75°13'9,192"W 75°13'11,702"W 75°13'14,74"W 75°13'22,469"W 75°13'18,908"W 75°13'15,112"W 75°13'11,904"W 75°13'11,735"W 75°13'13,069"W 75°13'7,163"W 75°13'5,887"W 75°13'1,763"W 75°12'57,97"W 75°12'50,224"W 75°12'44,156"W 75°12'39,444"W 75°12'37,857"W 75°12'34,668"W 75°12'38,466"W 75°12'31,509"W 75°12'37,914"W 75°12'41,797"W 75°12'47,622"W 75°14'24.73"W 75°14'26.009"W 75°14'29,21"W 75°14'39,625"W 75°14'40,316"W 75°14'42,209"W 75°14'49,495"W 75°14'59,479"W 75°15'12,798"W 75°15'13,504"W
Caceres VII
Finca El Espejo
Finca Sol Naciente
Finca El Espiritu Santo
Finca La Magdalena
Finca La Maria
Finca La Trinidad
7°43'49,701"N 7°43'37,91"N 7°43'27,922"N 7°43'17,894"N 7°43'25,17"N 7°43'2,32"N 7°42'36,962"N 7°42'33,701"N 7°43'45,166"N 7°42'46,227"N 6°22'0.17"N 6°21'21.842"N 6°21'46.481"N 6°21'42.274N 6°20'50.425N 6°20'25.71N 6°20'40.171N 6°20'30.331N 6°24'57.44"N 6°26'30,311"N 6°26'32.804"N 6°27'22,039"N 6°26'58.35"N 6°26'6.055"N 6°25'14.9"N 6°24'57.44"N 6°25'14.9"N 6°24'54.33"N 6°24'10.956"N 6°23'32.315"N 6°22'53.675"N 6°24'32.769"N 6°23'55.624"N 6°26'58.35"N 6°26'6.055"N 6°25'14.9"N 6°26'29.064"N 6°25'32.35"N 6°24'54.33"N 6°23'35,297"N 6°23'19,347"N 6°22'12,933"N 6°21'22,626"N 6°22'1,062"N 6°23'55.624"N 6°23'21.035"N 6°22'59.066"N 6°22'0.17"N 6°21'21.842"N 6°22'3.91"N 6°22'45.511"N 6°24'54.33"N
South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
Finca San Mar(n
75°15'13,623"W 75°15'12,18"W 75°15'9,668"W 75°14'53,024"W 75°14'32,535"W 75°14'56,018"W 75°14'45,204"W 75°14'36,998"W 75°14'35,601"W 75°14'32,561"W 70°18'48.619"W 70°21'22.869"W 70°18'7.383"W 70°18'44.719"W 70°21'28.996"W 70°20'22.212"W 70°18'23.107"W 70°18'10.176"W 70°20'59.91"W 70°20'48.70"W 70°20'25.018"W 70°20'15.66"W 70°21'21.109"W 70°21'31.08"W 70°21'38.559"W 70°20'59.91"W 70°21'38.559"W 70°21'44.16"W 70°21'58.503"W 70°22'39.636"W 70°21'53.517"W 70°20'9.437"W 70°20'37.062"W 70°21'21.109"W 70°21'31.08"W 70°21'38.559"W 70°22'34.65"W 70°22'50.23"W 70°21'44.16"W 70°19'55,863"W 70°19'18,211"W 70°19'2,261"W 70°21'24,764"W 70°21'27,64"W 70°20'37.062"W 70°19'19.002"W 70°19'3.109"W 70°18'48.619"W 70°21'22.869"W 70°21'16.793"W 70°21'52.784"W 70°21'44.16"W
Finca San Mar(n
FincaMacanilla
FincaMatecorozo
FincaBetania
Finca 3213 Has
Finca Chaparral
FincaBerraquera
6°25'19.512"N 6°23'36.055"N 6°23'12.37"N 6°24'10.956"N 6°20'56.102’’N 6°21'19.162’’N 6°21'40.352’’N 6°21'39.728’’N 6°22'26.471’’N 6°22'52.959’’N 6°22'31.267’’N 6°22'25.79’’N 6°21'56.911’’N 6°20'53.547’’N 6°20'53.547’’N 6°20'57.191’’N 6°20'24.319’’N 6°20'46.864’’N 6°21'37.147’’N 6°20'57.191’’N 6°20'24.319’’N 6°20'45.034’’N 6°20'6.033’’N 6°20'11.579’’N 6°20'18.457’’N 6°23'19.662"N 6°23'9.671"N 6°21'46.481"N 6°20'30.331’’N 6°20'12.476’’N 6°20'16.215’’N 6°20'56.102’’N 6°21'19.162’’N 6°21'40.352’’N 6°21'39.728’’N 6°22'26.471’’N 6°22'45.168’’N 6°22'58.87’’N 6°23'46.868’’N 6°23'43.75’’N 6°23'53.724’’N 6°23'47.491’’N 6°21'21.842"N 6°22'3.91"N 6°22'45.511"N 6°20'50.618"N 6°20'19.229"N 6°20'55.512"N 6°22'59.066"N 6°22'0.17"N 6°23'21.765"N 6°23'19.662"N
South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
70°22'29.664"W 70°23'38.84"W 70°23'0.203"W 70°21'58.503"W 70°15' 30.212"W 70°15' 44.546"W 70°15' 49.532"W 70°15' 29.58"W 70°14' 53.441"W 70°14' 27.38"W 70°14' 28.76"W 70°14' 36.445"W 70°14' 7.47"W 70°14' 34.514"W 70°14' 34.514"W 70°13' 33.58"W 70°14' 13.027"W 70°14' 21.906"W 70°14' 15.192"W 70°13' 33.58"W 70°14' 13.027"W 70°13' 24.74"W 70°13' 47.922"W 70°13' 59.569"W 70°14' 3.673"W 70°18'11.59"W 70°18'18.163"W 70°18'7.383"W 70°18' 10.176"W 70°16' 26.303"W 70°15' 22.11"W 70°15' 30.212"W 70°15' 44.546"W 70°15' 49.532"W 70°15' 29.58"W 70°14' 53.441"W 70°15' 17.747"W 70°15' 57.011"W 70°16' 17.578"W 70°16' 30.042"W 70°16' 49.986"W 70°17' 29.249"W 70°21'22.869"W 70°21'16.793"W 70°21'52.784"W 70°21'29.074"W 70°22'19.079"W 70°23'24.744"W 70°19'3.109"W 70°18'48.619"W 70°18'46.822"W 70°18'11.59"W
FincaBerraquera 6°23'9.671"N 6°21'46.481"N 6°21'42.274"N
South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
70°18'18.163"W 70°18'7.383"W 70°18'44.719"W
Annex 2: Community Impact Monitoring (spanish version)
South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Zurich · Bangkok · Beijing · Hanoi · Istanbul · Jakarta · Johannesburg · Mexico City · New Delhi · Taipei [email protected] • www.southpolecarbon.com
