Environmental Declaration ISO/DIS 14025 Type III
EPD Norwegian Environmental Product Declarations
NEPD no.: 27E Approved by the Norwegian Environmental Product Declarations' verification committee:
Nor-Box
Valid until: 31.12.2006
Packaging for road transport of fresh fish This declaration has been compiled by: Østfold Research Foundation
Statement from the certification body The process for certification has begun, but is not yet complete, so no statement is available at this time. Figure 1: Nor-Box
Information about the producer: Smurfit Norpapp, Norge Company contact: Telephone: 47 67 80 15 66, E-mail:
[email protected] Organisation number: 980 869 814 EMAS: NO-V-006/2002/ISO-14001 reg. no.: -
Information about the product: Life cycle stages included: From extraction of raw materials to production of the fish box, ready for use ('cradle to gate'). Functional Unit: Production of a Nor-Box with lid, for 22 kg fish, Dimensions: 79 cm*39 cm*18,2 cm (incl. lid) Year of the study: 2004 Data: 2003 data for Smurfit Norpapp aktiviteter, 2002 data for fluting, the basis year varies for database data used. Assumed lifetime: Nor-Box is a single use product. Production location: Smurfit Norpapp, Hønefoss Assumed market region: Norway and Great Britain.
Product specification: Weight, including lid: 1.3 kg Box: Corrugated cardboard with 2 layers of fluting and plastic coated liner board for the inner and outer layers Lid: Corrugated cardboard with 1 layer of fluting and plastic coated liner board for the inner and outer layers Material composition Material Weight percent Fibre (dry matter) 91% PET 9%
C CO ON NSSU UM MP PT TIIO ON NO OF FR RE ESSO OU UR RC CE ESS Material resources Table 2: Consumption of Material Resources Unit Extraction and
Transport of
Own
Total
Comments
production of raw materials Recycled, renewable resources Timber kg/Nor-Box New, renewable resources Timber kg/Nor-Box Water kg/Nor-Box Recycled, non-renewable resources
raw materials
production
0.53
0.53
0.73 36.9
New non-renewable resources Oil as a raw kg/Nor-Box material Natural gas as a kg/Nor-Box raw material
0.73 36.96
0.06
0.09
0.09
0.03
0.03
Land use and water consumption Land use has not been quantified in this study. Water consumption is included in the Material Resources section (above).
Energy resources
25
20
MJ/box
Fossil resources that are used as materials for production of the product (e.g. oil for production of plastic laminate layers) are included in materials consumption (see over) and are therefore not included here.
Unspecified Waste incineration and excess heat Renewable energy Nuclear energy Fossil energy
15
10
5
0 Extraction and production of raw materials
Transport of raw materials to Norpapp
Norpapp's own production
Total
Figure 2: Energy consumption specified for the different life cycle stages
Table 3: Energy consumption specified for the different energy carriers and life cycle stages
Energy carrier Coal Oil Natural gas Nuclear power Renewable Hydropower energy Biofuel Waste incineration Waste Excess heat Unspecified Total Fossil fuel
Unit MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box MJ/Nor-Box
Extraction and Transport of Own production of raw raw materials production Total Comments materials 2.39 0.006 2.4 4.64 0.52 0.10 5.26 3.53 0.002 0.0006 3.53 1.1 1.1 0.1 0.005 2.07 2.18 9.4 9.4
0.2 21.2
0.5
0.2 23.9
2.2
Extraction and production of raw materials Transport of raw materials to Norpapp Norpapp's own production
E EM MIISSSSIIO ON NSS A AN ND D E EN NV VIIR RO ON NM ME EN NT TA AL L IIM MP PA AC CT TSS
6 5 4 3
Table 4: Emissions calculated in terms of environmental impacts
2 1 0%
20 %
40 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
Waste (1) Eutrophication (2) Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (3) Ozone Depletion (4) Acidification (5) Global Warming (6)
Enhet kg/Nor-Box kg PO42- equivalents/Nor-Box kg ethene equivalents/Nor-Box kg CFC-11 equivalents /NorBox kg SO2 equivalents/Nor-Box kg CO2 equivalents/Nor-Box
Total 0.167 0.00113 0.000636 1.57e-9 0.0107 1.75
Figure 3: The contributions to the environmental impacts from the different life cycle stages Table 5: Emissions, specified for the different life cycle phases Unit
Emissions to air CO2 CH4 N2O NOx SOx VOC CO Emissions to water Tot-N Tot-P COD Waste To recycling To landfill To incineration To hazardous waste treatment Unspecified
Extraction and production of raw materials
Transport of raw materials
Own production
Total
Comments
g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box
1632 2.76 0.0367 6.16 5.96 0.286 7.44
40.4 0.00236 0.00040 0.434 0.200 0.0630 0.154
8.53 0.00303 0.00009 0.0215 0.00628 0.00689 0.00580
1681 2.77 0.0372 6.62 6.17 0.356 7.60
g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box
0.167 0.00196 11. 6
0.0000111
0.0000235
0.0168 0.00196 11.6
g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box g/Nor-Box
0.003
0.764 2.14 3.31 3.27
0.77 2.14 3.31 9.55
g/Nor-Box
150.9
0.235
151.4
6.28 0.239
A AD DD DIIT TIIO ON NA AL L IIN NF FO OR RM MA AT TIIO ON N Some important properties of Nor-Box are: 1. Environment. Wood fibres are recycled worldwide. The boxes can become sought-after raw materials for paper production in many countries. 2. Logistics. The boxes are transported flat to the packers. This leads to large volume savings in relation to boxes that are already erect. Volume savings after packing are also possible, due to Nor-Box having thinner walls than alternative solutions. 1/1 automatic packing. 3. Advertising/sales. All decor possibilities are available, giving a positive perception of product quality. Smurfit Norpapp A/S enjoys important benefits as part of the international Smurfit concern. This secures high quality raw materials, as well as the high quality of Smurfit Norpapp's own production. Smurfit factories can be found on all of the world's continents and as such will be able to produce Nor-Box with the same guarantees.
M MA AN NA AG GE EM ME EN NT TO OF FW WA ASST TE EF FR RO OM MT TH HE EF FIIN NA AL LP PR RO OD DU UC CT T The potential environmental impacts of different types of waste management for Nor-Box are not included here, as there is no data available for this yet. These boxes are currently being introduced into the market. It should be possible to separate the plastic and fibre layers in the box to enable recycling.
M ME ET TH HO OD DO OL LO OG GIIC CA AL LD DE EC CIISSIIO ON NSS
Production phase for the product The box is made of laminate, which consists of wood-based fibre and plastic layers, as well as recycled fluting (made from used fibre, e.g. cardboard). The laminate and recycled fluting are bought from Finland and the UK respectively. Norpapp produces this Nor-Box (with lid) for vehicle transport at their factory in Hønefoss, Norway.
System boundaries and allocation rules: In line with NIMBUS methodology. • Raw materials extraction and production processes are included for virgin fibre. Data for transport of timber and production of virgin short fibre is site-specific, while data for the extraction of timber is general. • Data for average European production of recycled fluting (using the UK energy mix) has been used. These data include transport of the collected material to the material recycling facility and the recycling process itself. • All emissions and resource consumption associated with the production of the different energy sources used are included in the analysis. General data have been used. • Production of additives that are used in production of laminates and recycled fluting are not included in the analysis. • The user phase for Nor-Box is not included. • Waste management of the Nor-Box is not included.
Extraction of crude oil
Extraction of crude oil
Refining and processing to produce PET film (incl. transport)
Refining and processing to produce PE film (incl. transport)
Transport
Raw materials production and transport
Transport
Extraction of 'virgin' timber
Transport Transport Sorting
Production of kraftliner/ testliner and Production of laminates
Transport Production of fluting material
Transport Transport
Own Production
Nor-Box production (lokk og bunn)
User Phase
Bruk
Disposal
Collection of used fibre
Production of fluting
Waste Management
Included Included Not included
Figure 4: System boundaries for production of fish boxes
O OT TH HE ER R IIN NF FO OR RM MA AT TIIO ON N Smurfitt Norpapp does not have a certified environmental management system (e.g. EMAS or ISO 14001), but they do have a certified quality system (ISO-9001). Smurfitt Norpapp has, however, built up a system for management of their external environment effects, based on the ISO-9001 system. This environmental management system is managed in the same way as the quality system, including document management, audits, management of non-compliance etc.
R RE EF FE ER RE EN NC CE ESS Rubach, S., Berg, T., Vold, M. (2002); „Value Chain Analysis for the production and transport of chilled salmon from Molde (Norway) to Japan” (Norwegian Language), OR 34.02, Østfold Research Foundation, Fredrikstad, Norway. European Database for Corrugated Board Life Cycle Studies (2003); FEFCO, Groupement Ondulé, European Containerboard Organisation (www.fefco.org).