Nuclear Renaissance: Addressing the Challenges of Nuclear Power ...
Nuclear Renaissance: Addressing the Challenges of Nuclear Power Capacities Expansion
Natalia V. Saraeva MS Candidate School of Foreign Service Georgetown University
Outline • Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming and Why? • Concern Over Nuclear Power Expansion • Current Efforts: International Standardization • An International Center • Conclusion
Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming and Why? • International collaboration in peaceful nuclear energy is growing • Over 50 new reactors are under construction • Over 30 nation-states consider nuclear power generation capacities • Concern over energy security • Concern over climate change
Nuclear Power Under Serious Consideration Europe: Italy, Albania, Serbia, Portugal, Norway, Poland, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Ireland, Turkey
South America: Chile, Ecuador, Venezuela
West, Central and Southern Africa: Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, Uganda, Namibia
Central and Southern Asia: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Bangladesh. East Asia: North Korea
Middle East and North Africa: Iran, Gulf states including UAE, Yemen, Israel, Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Algeria, Morocco
SE Asia: Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand
Concern Over Nuclear Power Expansion • Safety, Security, Nonproliferation, Nuclear terrorism: especially risky in countries that never had nuclear power before. • The French Nuclear Safety Authority: will “be selective about providing assistance” in countries that had never experienced nuclear power before. • Globalization of nuclear technologies market: a need for universal standard for NPP construction, operation, decommission.
Current Efforts: International Standardization WNA proposed conceptual framework: three phase approach for governments and regulators: 1. Share design assessment 2. Validate and accept design approval 3. Issue international design certification (international agreement)
An International Center • Licensing companies that implement design construction etc of NPP • Control of compliance with international standards • License NPPs operators
An International Center Accepting applications for construction of NPPs
Assessing risks (political, economical, operational, military) of constructingNPPs in particular areas
Decisions making on accepting/ rejecting applications
Conducting bid on NPPs construction in the case of positive decision on construction NPP
Education and training of personal for NPPs and/or licensing the respective Universities worldwide
Control of the construction, exploitation process
An International Center • Ideally all nation states should be the subject of consideration • Establishment will take time • Tricky in terms of nation states rights for the peaceful use of nuclear energy (under article IV of the NPT treaty) • It is a right time to start
Conclusion • Nuclear Renaissance becomes reality • International standardization and licensing is crucial • One of the ways creation of an International Center
Natalia V. Saraeva MS Candidate School of Foreign Service Georgetown University
Outline • Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming and Why? • Concern Over Nuclear Power Expansion • Current Efforts: International Standardization • An International Center • Conclusion
Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming and Why? • International collaboration in peaceful nuclear energy is growing • Over 50 new reactors are under construction • Over 30 nation-states consider nuclear power generation capacities • Concern over energy security • Concern over climate change
Nuclear Power Under Serious Consideration Europe: Italy, Albania, Serbia, Portugal, Norway, Poland, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Ireland, Turkey
South America: Chile, Ecuador, Venezuela
West, Central and Southern Africa: Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, Uganda, Namibia
Central and Southern Asia: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Bangladesh. East Asia: North Korea
Middle East and North Africa: Iran, Gulf states including UAE, Yemen, Israel, Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Algeria, Morocco
SE Asia: Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand
Concern Over Nuclear Power Expansion • Safety, Security, Nonproliferation, Nuclear terrorism: especially risky in countries that never had nuclear power before. • The French Nuclear Safety Authority: will “be selective about providing assistance” in countries that had never experienced nuclear power before. • Globalization of nuclear technologies market: a need for universal standard for NPP construction, operation, decommission.
Current Efforts: International Standardization WNA proposed conceptual framework: three phase approach for governments and regulators: 1. Share design assessment 2. Validate and accept design approval 3. Issue international design certification (international agreement)
An International Center • Licensing companies that implement design construction etc of NPP • Control of compliance with international standards • License NPPs operators
An International Center Accepting applications for construction of NPPs
Assessing risks (political, economical, operational, military) of constructingNPPs in particular areas
Decisions making on accepting/ rejecting applications
Conducting bid on NPPs construction in the case of positive decision on construction NPP
Education and training of personal for NPPs and/or licensing the respective Universities worldwide
Control of the construction, exploitation process
An International Center • Ideally all nation states should be the subject of consideration • Establishment will take time • Tricky in terms of nation states rights for the peaceful use of nuclear energy (under article IV of the NPT treaty) • It is a right time to start
Conclusion • Nuclear Renaissance becomes reality • International standardization and licensing is crucial • One of the ways creation of an International Center
