Processing Combinatorial Thinking - Semantic Scholar
14 International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science, 4(3), 14-38, July-September 2013
Processing Combinatorial Thinking: Innovators Marketplace as RoleBased Game Plus Action Planning
Teruaki Hayashi, Department of Systems Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Yukio Ohsawa, Department of Systems Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
ABSTRACT Innovators Market Game is a method for facilitating innovation by helping to create new ideas by combining existent ideas. In this game, participants play roles, think of new ideas and evaluate them. The roles are selected from the real world, e.g., police officers, transportation authority, government and so on. The Role-based Innovators Market Game proposed in this study is designed to lead innovative ideas, based on the defined factors. Its rules, acting roles, and the communication in the Role-based IMG make players more creative and imaginative rather than sheer freedom. This study proposes not only the way of creating new ideas, but also the process for making them practical, by including the step of Action Planning, where players further cultivate ideas to make practical scenario of actions. These two methods form the refined process of Innovators Marketplace, and help in contriving innovative ideas for the human society in discovering and solving practical problems. Keywords:
Cards, Chance Discovery, Combination, Creativity, Game, Idea, Thinking Method
INTRODUCTION It is difficult to invent innovative ideas, i.e., ideas with new and potential impact on the human society. There are many products and services in the world, but epoch-making products or services are rarely created. However, new products or services called innovation are steadily changing the social systems. People
demand new systems of society. On 11th March 2011, the Tohoku Earthquake in Japan occurred. Two years after this unprecedented disaster, there still remains a lot of problems such as radioactive contamination from the nuclear power plant in Fukusima, the problems in the recovery of cities broken by tsunami, and so on. Specialists in domains continue discussing, however, in the present condition, fundamental
DOI: 10.4018/ijkss.2013070102 Copyright © 2013, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited.
International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science, 4(3), 14-38, July-September 2013 15
solutions are seldom found for these problems. What are necessary in Japan and other sites in the world which may encounter huge disasters, are the drastic reforms, the changes, and new ideas of systems in/on which humans live with surviving these problems. There are many methods for aiding participants to create new ideas. In this paper we improve Innovators Market Game (IMG hereafter) in creating feasible ideas, i.e., ideas which can be embodied in actions in real business. This method encourages participants to create high-value ideas for the real market and also trains their creativity. IMG is expected to be a promised method for creating ideas that can propose strategies for changing the world-wide social systems. In the next section let us introduce relevant studies of methods for creating ideas.
RELEVANT STUDIES Relevant Studies of Methods for Creating Ideas Methods of creation are the methods for solving issues creatively. There are many methods of creation such as brainstorming (Osborn, 1979), KJ method (Kawakita, 1967), Mind Map
(Buzan, 1993) and so on. Not only crating new ideas, but also there are methods for organizing ideas, analyzing problems, or training the creative attitudes of people. These kinds of methods of creation are categorized in the book of “The Bible of Creativity (Souzou-ryoku Jiten)” (Takahashi, 2002) (Figure 1). There are 4 first-level categories – Methods of Divergent Thinking, Methods of Convergent Thinking, Methods of Integrative Thinking, and Methods of Cultivate Creativity. According to the book, these categories are explained as follows: 1. Methods of Divergent Thinking: Divergent Thinking can be regarded as a popular way of thinking method for solving problems. Setting the themes of discussion or issues of problems, participants create ideas for solving them by using certain thinking methods. This category is classified into three second-level categories: a. Free Associations: Represented by brainstorming (Osborn, 1979), participants generate new ideas associated with main themes freely and divergently without criticizing others’ proposals;
Figure 1. Categories of methods of creation (Takahashi, 2002) (translated into English by authors)
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Processing Combinatorial Thinking: Innovators Marketplace as RoleBased Game Plus Action Planning
Teruaki Hayashi, Department of Systems Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Yukio Ohsawa, Department of Systems Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
ABSTRACT Innovators Market Game is a method for facilitating innovation by helping to create new ideas by combining existent ideas. In this game, participants play roles, think of new ideas and evaluate them. The roles are selected from the real world, e.g., police officers, transportation authority, government and so on. The Role-based Innovators Market Game proposed in this study is designed to lead innovative ideas, based on the defined factors. Its rules, acting roles, and the communication in the Role-based IMG make players more creative and imaginative rather than sheer freedom. This study proposes not only the way of creating new ideas, but also the process for making them practical, by including the step of Action Planning, where players further cultivate ideas to make practical scenario of actions. These two methods form the refined process of Innovators Marketplace, and help in contriving innovative ideas for the human society in discovering and solving practical problems. Keywords:
Cards, Chance Discovery, Combination, Creativity, Game, Idea, Thinking Method
INTRODUCTION It is difficult to invent innovative ideas, i.e., ideas with new and potential impact on the human society. There are many products and services in the world, but epoch-making products or services are rarely created. However, new products or services called innovation are steadily changing the social systems. People
demand new systems of society. On 11th March 2011, the Tohoku Earthquake in Japan occurred. Two years after this unprecedented disaster, there still remains a lot of problems such as radioactive contamination from the nuclear power plant in Fukusima, the problems in the recovery of cities broken by tsunami, and so on. Specialists in domains continue discussing, however, in the present condition, fundamental
DOI: 10.4018/ijkss.2013070102 Copyright © 2013, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited.
International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science, 4(3), 14-38, July-September 2013 15
solutions are seldom found for these problems. What are necessary in Japan and other sites in the world which may encounter huge disasters, are the drastic reforms, the changes, and new ideas of systems in/on which humans live with surviving these problems. There are many methods for aiding participants to create new ideas. In this paper we improve Innovators Market Game (IMG hereafter) in creating feasible ideas, i.e., ideas which can be embodied in actions in real business. This method encourages participants to create high-value ideas for the real market and also trains their creativity. IMG is expected to be a promised method for creating ideas that can propose strategies for changing the world-wide social systems. In the next section let us introduce relevant studies of methods for creating ideas.
RELEVANT STUDIES Relevant Studies of Methods for Creating Ideas Methods of creation are the methods for solving issues creatively. There are many methods of creation such as brainstorming (Osborn, 1979), KJ method (Kawakita, 1967), Mind Map
(Buzan, 1993) and so on. Not only crating new ideas, but also there are methods for organizing ideas, analyzing problems, or training the creative attitudes of people. These kinds of methods of creation are categorized in the book of “The Bible of Creativity (Souzou-ryoku Jiten)” (Takahashi, 2002) (Figure 1). There are 4 first-level categories – Methods of Divergent Thinking, Methods of Convergent Thinking, Methods of Integrative Thinking, and Methods of Cultivate Creativity. According to the book, these categories are explained as follows: 1. Methods of Divergent Thinking: Divergent Thinking can be regarded as a popular way of thinking method for solving problems. Setting the themes of discussion or issues of problems, participants create ideas for solving them by using certain thinking methods. This category is classified into three second-level categories: a. Free Associations: Represented by brainstorming (Osborn, 1979), participants generate new ideas associated with main themes freely and divergently without criticizing others’ proposals;
Figure 1. Categories of methods of creation (Takahashi, 2002) (translated into English by authors)
Copyright © 2013, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited.
23 more pages are available in the full version of this document, which may be purchased using the "Add to Cart" button on the product's webpage: www.igi-global.com/article/processing-combinatorialthinking/101153?camid=4v1
This title is available in InfoSci-Journals, InfoSci-Journal Disciplines Computer Science, Security, and Information Technology. Recommend this product to your librarian: www.igi-global.com/e-resources/libraryrecommendation/?id=2
Related Content Expert Mining and Traditional Chinese Medicine Knowledge Gu Jifa, Song Wuqi, Zhu Zhengxiang, Rui Gao and Yijun Liu (2010). International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science (pp. 27-38).
www.igi-global.com/article/expert-mining-traditional-chinesemedicine/44675?camid=4v1a From Creative Ideas Generation to Real World Solutions: Analysis of the Initial Situation for Inventive Design François Rousselot, Cecilia Zanni-Merk and Françoi de Bertrand de Beuvron (2011). International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science (pp. 31-48).
www.igi-global.com/article/creative-ideas-generation-realworld/54736?camid=4v1a What Determines the World: Causality as the Life-or-Death Relationship Azamat Abdoullaev (2008). Reality, Universal Ontology and Knowledge Systems: Toward the Intelligent World (pp. 148-183).
www.igi-global.com/chapter/determines-world-causality-lifedeath/28314?camid=4v1a
Invasive Weed Optimization for Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch Problems B.K. Panigrahi, Manjaree Pandit, Hari Mohan Dubey, Ashish Agarwal and WeiChiang Hong (2014). International Journal of Applied Evolutionary Computation (pp. 1-18).
www.igi-global.com/article/invasive-weed-optimization-for-combinedeconomic-and-emission-dispatch-problems/109611?camid=4v1a
