WEEK 1 Chi, T and Cheng, K. (2005 accessed 18 February 2005) 'Usability Practitioner Arrested for Theft of User Experience' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/15143 Dormann,C. (September 2001) 'Seducing consumers, evaluating emotions' People and Computers XV, Joint Proceedings of IHM-‐HCI 2001, Lille, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15188/95566_dormannseducing.pdf Forlizzi, J. (no date. accessed 19 April, 2005 'Towards a Framework of Interaction and Experience As it Relates to Product Design' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15187/95566_forlizzitowards.pdf Forlizzi,J. and Battarbee,K. 'Understanding Experience in Interactive System', Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Designing Interactive Systems: Processes, Practices, Methods and Techniques. Cambridge, MA: Association for Computing Machinery, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15145/95566_forlizziunderstanding.pdf Garrett,J. (2000 accessed 20 January 2004) 'The elements of user experience' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/15146 Khaslavsky,J. and Shedroff,N. (May 1999) 'Understanding the Seductive Experience' in Communications of the ACM. Vol. 42, No. 5, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/15149 Olsen,G. (11 March 2003 accessed 20 January 2004) 'Approaches to User Experience Design' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/15150
WEEK 2 Other disciplines and industries have a longer history of creating experiences for particular audiences. One of these is television which creates (amongst other things) escapist, immersive experiences as well as informational experiences. To prepare you this semester for theorising and designing an interactive televisual experience, find
out as much you can about interactive television (or iTV) as it will be now abbreviated. In addition to the set reading, everyone should find out something different about iTV: its history; the industry in Australia and overseas; technically how it operates; demographics of uptake and use; the difference between interactive and (just) digital TV; What kind of research has been done about it? is it the product of qualitative or quantitative research? what sort of empirical evidence is used? You should also look at how users interact with iTV with their remote control. Some images of remote controls are available in the Subject Documents section under Week 3: what do these suggest about the possibilities and limitations of the interaction? The set readings are as follows:
Chorianopoulos, K. (ed) (2005) "User Interface Design and Evaluation in Interactive TV" in the HERMES Newsletter by ELTRUN. Issue No. 32. May-‐June, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15152/95566_chorianopoulosuser.pdf Chorianopoulos, K. (2005) UITV.Info -‐ Interactive TV Research Resources, viewed 12 September 2005, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/15169 Curran,S. (2003) Convergence Design. Glouscester, Rockport.pp12-‐35, at: http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/16175/95566_curraninteractive.pdf Eronen,L. and Vuorimaa,P. (2000) "User Interfaces for Digital Television: A Navigator Case Study" in Proceedings of the Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, Palermo, Italy. AVI"00. New York: ACM Press. Pp276-‐279, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15153/95566_eronenuser.pdf Eronen, L. (2004) User centered design of new and novel Products: case digital television, Unpublished doctoral dissertation Helsinki University of Technology, Finland, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/15170 Jensen,J. (2005) "Interactive Television: New genres, New Format, New Content" in Proceedings of the second Australasian conference on Interactive entertainment, Sydney, Australia. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, Vol. 123, pp89-‐96, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15196/95566_jensentelevision.pdf
Lu, K. (2005 viewed 12 September 2005) Interaction design principles for interactive television , A thesis presented to the academic faculty, Master of Science in Information Design and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/15171 Cruickshank, L., Hill, A,. Tsekleves,E,. Whitham, R,. Kondo,K,. ‘ Why not interact? A user-‐led study addressing the development and adoption of interactive TV systems and services in the home’. International Association of Societies Of Design Research, viewed 3 August 2012. http://www.sd.polyu.edu.hk/iasdr/proceeding/papers/Why%20Not%20Interact%20A%20user-‐led%2 0study%20addressing%20the%20development%20and%20adoption%20of%20Interactive.pdf Lochrie, M. , Coulton, P. ‘Tweeting with the telly on! ‘.Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC), 2012 IEEE. Viewed 3 August 2012. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org.ezproxy.lib.uts.edu.au/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6181037 Leung,L. and Tan,A. (2008) 'The Personal is the Political: Why Feminism is Important to Experience Design', Digital Experience Design: Ideas, Industries, Interaction. Bristol: Intellect Books. (NOTE: this book is also a set text for Digital Sound & the Moving Image and can be purchased from IML Reception for $44 inc GST).
WEEK 3 Think about examples of 'pure' information design, such as road signs. What are their basic constituents, or what are their data elements? How are these transformed into information? How is information in an iTV similar or different in the way it is designed? How does it follow conventions of design and how does it break them? Read and discuss the following: Kress,G. and van Leeuwen,T. (1996) Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design. London: Routledge. pp181-‐229, at
http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/10189/015419_kressmeaning.pdf Wurman,R. (1989) Information Anxiety. New York: Doubleday, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/286/50105_175.pdf Boyle,T. (1997) Design for Multimedia Learning. London: Prentice-‐Hall. Pp121-‐131, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15184/95566_boyledesign.pdf
WEEK 4 Each student should try and directly experience iTV, and compare it with other types of interaction with technology, such as using an ATM, VCR, CD ROM, PVR, DVR, In -‐ Flight Entertainment Systems, Second Screen Apps. Then critically reflect on and contrast: ●
how and why the experiences were interactive
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the different processes of interaction
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whether you succeeded in achieving your objective/s
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if the success or failure of the interaction directly resulted from the way the information and/or interaction was designed
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the effect of the information design on the interaction
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how the information and/or interaction could have been improved.
Calde,S. and Cooper,A. (no date accessed 13 December 2004) 'Cooper Interaction Design Enjoys SAP' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14903/95566_caldercooper.pdf Hurst,M. (July 2002 accessed 20 January 2004) 'Online experience: the page paradigm' in goodexperience.com at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14902/95566_hurstonline.pdf Lu, K. (May 2005 accessed 21 July 2005) 'Chapter 5: Principles of interaction design for iTV: synthesizing the investigation' in Interaction design principles for interactive television , A thesis presented to the academic faculty, Master of Science in Information Design and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14937/95566_luprinciples.pdf
McGovern.G. (18 March 2002 accessed 20 January 2004) 'The myth of interactivity on the Internet' in New Thinking at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14901/95566_mcgovernmyth.pdf McWilliam,K. and Douglas,K. (25 October 2001 accessed 9 July 2004) 'Editorial: Your Say -‐ Interactivity in Contemporary Media' in M/C Reviews at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14900/95566_mcwilliameditorial.pdf Rheingold,H. (1992) 'An interview with Don Norman' in Laurel,B. (ed) The Art of Human-‐Computer Interface Design. Wokingham: Addison Wesley. Pp5-‐10, at: http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14904/95566_rheingoldinterview.pdf Wilson,L. (no date accessed 9 July 2004) 'Interactivity or Interpassivity: A Question of Agency in Digital Play' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14899/95566_wilsoninteractivity.pdf
WEEK 5 A suggestion for drafting your design approach or framework: 1. Select from: ●
Experience design
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Information design
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Interaction design
2. Focus on one of the following: ●
a particular aspect of design eg emotional response, colour theory; composition; cultural specificity; screen readability
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a particular audience
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a particular genre
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a particular author or theorist
If focusing on a particular audience (such as women), you should read the following chapter from the book Digital Experience Design: Ideas, Industries, Interaction (which can be purchased from IML Reception for $44). The book is also a set text for Digital Sound & the Moving Image. Leung,L. and Tan,A. (2008) 'The Personal is the Political: Why Feminism is Important to Experience
Design', Digital Experience Design: Ideas, Industries, Interaction. Bristol: Intellect Books.
WEEK 6 All students are required to: -‐ submit a draft approach or framework for designing for iTV to this forum for constructive feedback from the moderator and general peer review -‐ give feedback on at least one other person's draft, using the assessment criteria as a guide -‐ respond to the points raised in the feedback you received on your draft. Moderators will: 1. post their own approach or framework for designing for iTV interfaces and interaction, inviting feedback from peers and responding to points raised in the reviews. 2. give constructive criticism on other students' drafts, using the assessment criteria as a guide. A draft can be anything ranging from: -‐ a proposal or summary of the main points you want to make in the paper, how you intend to support or test your assertions (with literature and/or empirical evidence) and the literature you intend to use OR -‐ a fully written version of your paper which you intend to revise following peer feedback.
WEEK 7 This week's set readings to assist you in your user research are: Australian Government Information Management Office (2004) User Profiling and Testing Toolkit at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/link/14964 Eronen,L.
(2002) Design of Interactive Television Programs in Proceedings of the 3rd Annual ACM SIGCHI-‐NZ Symposium on Computer-‐Human Interaction CHINZ 2002 (11-‐12 July, Hamilton, New Zealand). Pp73-‐78, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15032/95566_eronendesign.pdf Gaffney,G. (2000 accessed 30 March 2005) User profile form in Usability Techniques series at Information & Design at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14960/95566_gaffneyuser.pdf Gawlinski,M. (2003) Interactive Television Production. Oxford: Focal Press. Pp198-‐237, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15025/95566_gawlinskiinteractive.pdf Kuniavsky, M. 2003 User profiles in Observing the User Experience: A Practitioner?s Guide to User Research. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. Pp129-‐157, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/14969/95566_kuniavskyuser.pdf
WEEK 9 Develop 3 user profiles or personas (based on the user research you have done) that represent a significant proportion of the audience for the project and submit for peer review. Moderators should: -‐ discuss the readings -‐ recommend any other relevant readings -‐ demonstrate the development of their user personas and comment on personas submitted by others. The set readings are as follows: Brown,D. (2006) Communicating Design: Developing Web Site Documentation for Design and Planning. Berkeley: New Riders. Pp15-‐48, at: http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/20663/95566_brownpersonas.pdf
Cooper, A.(2003 accessed 1 October 2004) 'The Origins of Personas' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15048/95566_cooperorigins.pdf Ford, S. (January 2005 accessed 4 April 2005) 'Creating Quality Personas, Understanding the Levers that Drive User Behaviour' athttp://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15049/95566_fordcreating.pdf Gaffney,G. (1999 accessed 29 January 2004) 'What is a contextual enquiry' in Usability Techniques series at Information & Design, athttp://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15050/95566_gaffneywhat.pdf InContext Enterprises (no date accessed 19 September 2003) 'Contextual Design: how we design' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15134/95566_incontextcontextual.pdf Kuniavsky, M. (2002-‐2004 accessed 13 December 2004) 'Extending a Technique: Group Personas' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15051/95566_kuniavskyextending.pdf Leung,L. and Goldstein,S. (2008) 'You are what you wear: the ideal and real consumer/user', Digital Experience Design: Ideas, Industries, Interaction. Bristol: Intellect Books. (This book is also a set text for Digital Sound & the Moving Image and can be purchased from IML Reception for $44). Olsen,G. (15 February 2004 accessed 14 December 2004) 'Persona Creation and usage Toolkit' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15052/95566_olsenpersona.pdf EXAMPLES OF PERSONAS BBCi (no date accessed August 2003) 'Understanding Phase, Personas' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15135/95566_bbcunderstanding.pdf Cooper Interaction Design, 1998, HR Organisational management personas, viewed 8 April 2005, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15133/95566_cooperhr.pdf A set of personas for a HR application, showing primary, secondary and other personas. Razorfish, 2000, Three Investment Banking Personas, viewed 8 April 2006, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15053/95566_razorfishthree.pdf A set of three personas showing personal narrative and key characteristics along with scenarios of use.
WEEK 10 Apart from the discussion of the set reading, what software (if any) is available to aid the development of user scenarios? The set reading is: Gruen,D.; Rauch,T.; Redpath,S. and Ruettinger,S. (2002) 'The use of stories in user experience design' in International Journal of HCI. Vol 14. No. 3 & 4. pp503-‐534. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, at http://goo.gl/hqRXB Gaffney,G. (2002 accessed 20 January 2004) 'What is a scenario' in Usability Techniques series at Information & Design, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15080/95566_gaffneyscenario.pdf Kuniavsky, M. 2003.Task Analysis in Chapter 8: Contextual Inquiry, Task Analysis Card Sorting in Observing the User Experience: A Practitioner's Guide to User Research. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. Pp182-‐193, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15105/95566_kuniavskytask.pdf Uidesign.net (3 April 2000 accessed 13 December 2004) 'Lifestyle Snapshots: Solving the Context Problem for Wireless Design' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15081/95566_uidesignlifestyle.pdf TASK FLOW EXAMPLE Govella, A. (8 January 2005 accessed 29 April 2005) 'Task flow for Interaction: Browse community involvement' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15175/95566_govellatask.pdf SCENARIO EXAMPLE English, J., Garrett, K. & Pearson, S., 2001, Scenarios: TraveLite, IS 213: UI Design and Development, School of Informaiton Management Systems, UC Berkeley, viewed 8 April 2005, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15082/95566_englishscenarios.pdf Then develop 3 scenarios and key user tasks (which should be based on your user profiles), and
submit for feedback from the moderator and general peer review. You can choose any kind of configuration such as: -‐ 1 user profile in 3 different scenarios doing 3 different tasks -‐ 3 user profiles in 3 different scenarios doing 3 different tasks OR OR -‐ a very detailed user story detailing user interaction with your proposed application. You can still use elements of a user story as described by Gruen et al within a scenario if you wish. To be clear -‐ in this and future weeks each scenario will be expanded to a -‐ task analysis In addition 1 scenario will be selected to produce a -‐ storyboard -‐ flowchart -‐ process flow blueprint and content map spreadsheet -‐ paper prototype -‐ hi-‐fi prototype (which will be presented to the client in week 14)
WEEK 11 180 Degrees Consulting, (2000 accessed 20 January 2004) 'Web Storyboard' at: http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15083/95566_180web.pdf Garrett, J., (2002 accessed 8 December 2003) 'A visual vocabulary for describing information architecture and interaction design' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15104/95566_garrettvisual.pdf National Institute of Open Schooling (no date accessed 13 December 2004) 'Flowcharting' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15084/95566_nationalflowcharting.pdf Nieland, J., (1999 accessed 20 Janaury 2004) 'Guidelines for Creating GOOD Storyboards for the WWW' at
http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15103/95566_nielandguidelines.pdf STORYBOARD / NAVIGATION NARRATIVE EXAMPLE Acme Home Insurance Client Tracking System Navigation Narrative (2001 accessed 21 July 2005) at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15177/95566_acmehome.pdf You should also experiment with and evaluate different types of software designed for storyboarding to see what works best for you. You should then submit a storyboard for ONE of the scenarios and key tasks for feedback from the moderator and general peer review.
WEEK 12 1.Extend a flowchart to create a system blueprint. It should indicate starting states, user decisions, screens, user interactions, system decisions and directions of flow. It should include every screen required for your user scenario you intend to prototype. You should number your screens so that they can correspond to your other deliverables. 2. Create a content map spreadsheet that documents content on each screen as well as navigational elements for every numbered screen corresponding to your process flow blueprint (above). Submit both of these to this forum in UTSOnline for review from your peers and the moderators . Both of these documents will be submitted as part of your design project (these will replace the "sitemap and information architecture spreadsheet" required for the design project as listed on page 10 of the subject outline. 3. *Remember to create a PAPER PROTOTYPE of your iTV application and bring in ready to test as a 'walkthrough' in class (you only need to prototype for one of your scenarios). YOu will need to think about how you will simulate the remote in paper prototype format and bring in a representation of it. We have uploaded some images of remotes to the subject documents folder for week 11 you might consider using.(There are some readings in week 12 on paper prototyping. You might use techniques from the Nielson/Norman DVD Bring in materials (paper, pens, pencils, sticky notes, transperencies, double-‐sided tape etc) so you
can change your prototype on the fly. You do not need to submit your paper prototype to UTSOnline, just bring it to next class ready to test with somebody. You should however consider submitting it as part of your design project. In addition, you should also continue exploring and evaluating any available software for creating blueprint diagrams and IA deliverables for iTV. Use the the set readings to inform the development of your diagrams (keeping in mind many are web-‐specific) and think about how these techniques may or may not relate to the features of iTV: Fraser, J. (2001 accessed 8 December 2003) 'Taking a content inventory' in New Architect: Internet Stategies for Technology Leaders at http://www.drdobbs.com/184413339 Gaffney, G. (2000 accessed 29 January 2004) 'What is card sorting?' in Usability Technique Series at: http://www.infodesign.com.au/usabilityresources/cardsorting Gaffney,G. (1999 accessed 29 January 2004) 'What is affinity diagramming?' in Usability Technique Series at: http://www.infodesign.com.au/usabilityresources/affinitydiagramming Gaffney,G. (2002 accessed 22 July 2005) 'Documenting a User Interface' in Usability Techniques series at Information & Design at: http://www.infodesign.com.au/usabilityresources/documentingauserinterface Rourke,C. (2003 accessed 9 July 2004) 'Information architecture -‐ build a solid foundation for your site' at User Vision: Focusing on the User Experience athttp://www.uservision.co.uk/usability_articles/usability_architecture.asp Withrow, J. (31 August 2004 accessed 28 April 2005) 'Site Diagrams: Mapping an Information Space' in Boxes and Arrows athttp://www.boxesandarrows.com/archives/site_diagrams_mapping_an_information_space.php
WEEK 13
Before building your semi-‐functional interactive prototype which steps through one of your scenarios, you will firstly develop a paper prototype to show to a peer in class. Remember, only the sections which relate to your scenario should work. It does NOT have to be fully functional. The following set reading will assist you in doing this: Constantine,L. (1998, revised 2002, accessed 13 December 2004) 'Rapid Abstract Prototyping' in Constantine & Lockwood Ltd at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15136/95566_constantinerapid.pdf Gaffney,G. (2001 accessed 13 December 2004) 'About structure evaluation' in Usability Techniques series at Information & Design, athttp://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15137/95566_gaffneyabout.pdf Gaffney,G. (2000 accessed 13 December 2004) 'What is a walkthrough?' in Usability Techniques series at Information & Design, at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15138/95566_gaffneywalkthrough.pdf Snyder,C. (2003 accessed 13 December. 2004) 'Six Signs That You Should Use Paper Prototyping' in Java.net The Source for Java Technology Collaboration at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15139/95566_snydersix.pdf Usability Net (2003 accessed 8 December 2003) 'Paper prototyping' at http://drr.lib.uts.edu.au/file/15140/95566_usabilitypaper.pdf
Also, think about the software you will use for building your prototype. What would you ideally use? What will suffice? 95566_gaffneywalkthrough.pdf (16.106 KB)
WEEK 14 (OPTIONAL) The topic is: what is user-‐centredness? what is user-‐centred design?
However, the forum is intended to explore more broadly the notion 'the user', and ways in which designers can research users, markets and audiences. How easy is it to know the user, or identify a target audience with any accuracy? Is it really possible to identify a generic user, or homogenous entity that can be called an audience? How do each of the design tools used in the project contribute to user-‐centred design? Should we assume as designers that we should always be user-‐centred? What are some of the drawbacks of user-‐centred design? What might be some alternative approaches to user-‐centred design? Discuss these questions with reference to a selection of relevant articles from: Constantine & Lockwood Ltd (2002) at http://www.foruse.com/publications/index.htm