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Riemann Sums
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In mathematics, a Riemann sum is a certain kind of approximation of an integral by a finite sum. It is named after nineteenth century German mathematician Bernhard Riemann. One very common application is approximating the area of functions or lines on a graph, but also the length of curves and other approximations.
Suppose we want to find the exact area under this curve!
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You can use rectangles to find the area. The more rectangles that you use, the closer you get to the actual answer.
These sorts of approximations are called Riemann sums, and they're a foundational tool for integral calculus.
When all of the rectangles touch the curve with the left top corner, this is called a Left Riemann Sum.
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When all of the rectangles touch the curve with the right top corner, this is called a Right Riemann Sum.
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Terms commonly mentioned when working with Riemann sums are "subdivisions" or "partitions." These refer to the number of parts we divided the xinterval into, in order to have the rectangles.
Simply put, the number of subdivisions (or partitions) is the number of rectangles we use.
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Subdivisions can be uniform, which means they are of equal length, or nonuniform.
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Imagine we're asked to approximate the area between y=g(x) and the xaxis from x=2 to x=6 using a Left Riemann Sum.
Find the area of each rectangle
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Area is approximately 20u2
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Buuuuuuuuuuuuuuuut...........
What if we don't have a graph???????
Imagine we're asked to approximate the area between the xaxis and the graph of f from x = 1 to x = 10 using a right Riemann sum with three equal subdivisions. Use the table below to help find your answers.
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1. Divide the interval into n different rectangles. 2. Evaluate each end point at that x value. 3. Determine if you are using left Riemann or right Riemann or if you are trying to find the interval in which the answer will lie. 4. Find the area of each rectangle and add the sums together.
x = 1 to x = 10
Length = 3
Height = ___ Height = ___ Height = ___
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Approximate the area between the xaxis and the graph of f(x) = 2x from x =3 to x = 3 using a right Riemann sum with three equal subdivisions.
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