Unification via Explicit Substitutions: The Case of ... - Semantic Scholar

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INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Unification via Explicit Substitutions: The Case of Higher-Order Patterns Gilles Dowek , Th´er`ese Hardin , Claude Kirchner , Frank Pfenning

No 3591 D´ecembre 1998 ` THEME 2

N 0249-6399

apport de recherche

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