US DOT Automation Research Program AWS
U.S. DOT Automation Research Program Automated Vehicle Symposium 2014 Burlingame, CA July 17, 2014
Kevin Dopart Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office
Where we are Where we plan to be
ITS Joint Program Office The ITS JPO has Department-wide authority in coordinating the ITS program and initiatives among the following DOT Offices: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Maritime Administration (MARAD)
U.S. Department of Transportation
4
Connected Vehicle Environment
Infrastructure Data: Infrastructure Signal Phase andData: Timing, Signal Phase and Timing, Speed Guidance, Speed Guidance, Parking Spaces Available, etc. Available, Parking Spaces etc.
Vehicle Data: Vehicle Data:Speed, Latitude, Longitude, Brake Status, Turn Signal Latitude, Longitude, Speed, Status, Vehicle Length, Brake Status, Turn Signal Vehicle Width, Bumper Height Status, Vehicle Length, Vehicle Width, Bumper Height
U.S. Department of Transportation
5
Connected and Automated Vehicles
Autonomous Vehicle Operates in isolation from other vehicles using internal sensors
Connected Automated Vehicle Leverages autonomous and connected vehicle capabilities
Connected Vehicle Communicates with nearby vehicles and infrastructure
U.S. Department of Transportation
6
Implementing Vehicle Automation Research 2015-2019 Multimodal Program Plan for Vehicle Automation □ Internal: interviews and workshops □ External: RFI, listening sessions, conferences □ Final depends on ITS Strategic Plan and budget Domestic Collaboration □ Stakeholder outreach (e.g., TRB) □ DoD, DOE, NASA International Collaboration □ Tri-lateral Working Group on Automation in Road Transportation U.S. Department of Transportation
7
U.S. DOT Role in Vehicle Automation Identify benefit opportunities in automated vehicle technology Facilitate development and deployment of automated transportation systems that enhance safety, mobility, and sustainability Invest in research areas that further industry investments and support benefit opportunities Establish Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards and infrastructure guidance
U.S. Department of Transportation
8
Proposed U.S. DOT Research Vision
The U.S. DOT automation program will position industry and public agencies for the wide-scale deployment of partially automated vehicle systems that improve safety, mobility and reduce environmental impacts by the end of the decade.
U.S. Department of Transportation
9
Planned Automation Program Framework Human-in-the-loop (HITL) Connected Driving Assistance □ □
L1
Develop, test, and demonstrate HITL applications Examples include: CACC, Platooning, Merge/Weave Assist, Speed Harmonization, and AERIS Eco-Approach/Departure
Conditional Automation Safety Assurance □
□
Foundation research into systems that automate all control functions under certain conditions for limited amounts of time Research areas include: human factors, control system reliability, testing procedures, and cybersecurity
Limited Driverless Vehicle Operations □ □
Exploratory research into first-mile/last-mile prototypes Develop concepts and test/evaluate emerging prototypes
L2 / L3 L4
U.S. Department of Transportation
10
Planned Cross-Cutting Automation Research
Policy Benefits Estimation Standards Harmonization Electronic Control Systems and Cybersecurity System Performance Human Factors Testing and Evaluation
U.S. Department of Transportation
11
U.S. DOT Listening Session Purpose □
Allow U.S. DOT staff to present to and receive feedback from the stakeholders on active research projects related to vehicle automation.
Presentations Developing a 5-Year Program Plan for Vehicle Automation – Kevin Gay, Volpe Center □ Accessible Transportation Technologies Research Initiative – Mohammed Yousuf, FHWA □ Framework for Estimating the Benefits of Automation – Dale Thompson, ITS JPO □ Improving Safety Through Automation, Program Update – Paul Rau, NHTSA □ New Research in Truck Platooning – Osman Altan, FHWA □
U.S. Department of Transportation
12
Summary Connected Vehicles ‘Я Us Research planned across all levels of automation Funding uncertainty
U.S. Department of Transportation
13
For More Information www.its.dot.gov
Kevin Dopart Program Manager, Vehicle Safety and Automation ITS Joint Program Office USDOT [email protected]
U.S. Department of Transportation
14
Backup Slides
U.S. Department of Transportation
15
NHTSA Levels of Automation Level 4 Full Self-Driving
Vehicle Control
Level 3 Limited Self-Driving Level 2 Combined Functions Level 1 Function-Specific
Operator Control
Level 0 No Automation
U.S. Department of Transportation
16
USDOT Automation Research Currently Underway Project
Major Deliverable
Introduction of Cooperative Vehicle-Highway Systems to Improve Speed Harmonization Simulation for Research on Automated Longitudinal Vehicle Control High Performance Vehicle Streams Simulation Partial Automation for Truck Platooning: PATH/Caltrans Partial Automation for Truck Platooning: Auburn University Saxton Transportation Operations Laboratory Task 3: Procure and Instrument Research Vehicles Development of a Platform Technology for Automated Vehicle Research Vehicle Automation Program Management and Planning Human Factors Evaluation of Level 2 and Level 3 Automated Driving Concepts Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) – Investigation of Key Human Factors Issues Development of Functional Descriptions and Test Methods for Emerging Automated Vehicle Applications
Test and evaluation of optimized variable speed targets Simulation of CACC near term operational scenarios both Freeway and Arterial Simulation of CACC operational scenarios Prototype CACC truck platooning system; examination of factors affecting benefits Analysis of key issues prior to heavy truck CACC market introduction Procurement and instrumentation of 3 Cadillac SRX vehicles Procurement of 5 Vehicles with CACC experimental platform Development of roadmaps and program plan materials DVI Principles for L2 & L3 Automation Systems Validated driving simulator test methodology and tools Functional descriptions and potential test and evaluation methods for emerging L2-L4 operational concepts U.S. Department of Transportation
17
USDOT Automation Research Starting in FY14 Project
Major Deliverable
Intelligent Network Flow Optimization CACC Test Prototype and small-scale field test Automated Speed Harmonization Prototyping and Testing Lane Changing/Merge Foundational Research AERIS – Eco-Approach & Departure
Live traffic test of speed harmonization State-of-the research review, concept development, simulation and testing of concept Test and evaluation of AERIS application
Enabling Technologies: Future Forecast
Ongoing tracking and projections of enabling CV and VA technologies
Foundational Research for Automated Vehicle Policy
Analysis of policy issues, gaps, research needs, and Federal role
Vehicle Cybersecurity Research
Cybersecurity knowledge base
Functional Safety of Automated Lane Centering Controls
Minimum functional and safety requirements for lane centering technologies
Transportation System Benefits Study of Highly Automated Vehicles
Model for evaluation of safety, mobility, and environmental benefits U.S. Department of Transportation
18
Kevin Dopart Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office
Where we are Where we plan to be
ITS Joint Program Office The ITS JPO has Department-wide authority in coordinating the ITS program and initiatives among the following DOT Offices: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Maritime Administration (MARAD)
U.S. Department of Transportation
4
Connected Vehicle Environment
Infrastructure Data: Infrastructure Signal Phase andData: Timing, Signal Phase and Timing, Speed Guidance, Speed Guidance, Parking Spaces Available, etc. Available, Parking Spaces etc.
Vehicle Data: Vehicle Data:Speed, Latitude, Longitude, Brake Status, Turn Signal Latitude, Longitude, Speed, Status, Vehicle Length, Brake Status, Turn Signal Vehicle Width, Bumper Height Status, Vehicle Length, Vehicle Width, Bumper Height
U.S. Department of Transportation
5
Connected and Automated Vehicles
Autonomous Vehicle Operates in isolation from other vehicles using internal sensors
Connected Automated Vehicle Leverages autonomous and connected vehicle capabilities
Connected Vehicle Communicates with nearby vehicles and infrastructure
U.S. Department of Transportation
6
Implementing Vehicle Automation Research 2015-2019 Multimodal Program Plan for Vehicle Automation □ Internal: interviews and workshops □ External: RFI, listening sessions, conferences □ Final depends on ITS Strategic Plan and budget Domestic Collaboration □ Stakeholder outreach (e.g., TRB) □ DoD, DOE, NASA International Collaboration □ Tri-lateral Working Group on Automation in Road Transportation U.S. Department of Transportation
7
U.S. DOT Role in Vehicle Automation Identify benefit opportunities in automated vehicle technology Facilitate development and deployment of automated transportation systems that enhance safety, mobility, and sustainability Invest in research areas that further industry investments and support benefit opportunities Establish Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards and infrastructure guidance
U.S. Department of Transportation
8
Proposed U.S. DOT Research Vision
The U.S. DOT automation program will position industry and public agencies for the wide-scale deployment of partially automated vehicle systems that improve safety, mobility and reduce environmental impacts by the end of the decade.
U.S. Department of Transportation
9
Planned Automation Program Framework Human-in-the-loop (HITL) Connected Driving Assistance □ □
L1
Develop, test, and demonstrate HITL applications Examples include: CACC, Platooning, Merge/Weave Assist, Speed Harmonization, and AERIS Eco-Approach/Departure
Conditional Automation Safety Assurance □
□
Foundation research into systems that automate all control functions under certain conditions for limited amounts of time Research areas include: human factors, control system reliability, testing procedures, and cybersecurity
Limited Driverless Vehicle Operations □ □
Exploratory research into first-mile/last-mile prototypes Develop concepts and test/evaluate emerging prototypes
L2 / L3 L4
U.S. Department of Transportation
10
Planned Cross-Cutting Automation Research
Policy Benefits Estimation Standards Harmonization Electronic Control Systems and Cybersecurity System Performance Human Factors Testing and Evaluation
U.S. Department of Transportation
11
U.S. DOT Listening Session Purpose □
Allow U.S. DOT staff to present to and receive feedback from the stakeholders on active research projects related to vehicle automation.
Presentations Developing a 5-Year Program Plan for Vehicle Automation – Kevin Gay, Volpe Center □ Accessible Transportation Technologies Research Initiative – Mohammed Yousuf, FHWA □ Framework for Estimating the Benefits of Automation – Dale Thompson, ITS JPO □ Improving Safety Through Automation, Program Update – Paul Rau, NHTSA □ New Research in Truck Platooning – Osman Altan, FHWA □
U.S. Department of Transportation
12
Summary Connected Vehicles ‘Я Us Research planned across all levels of automation Funding uncertainty
U.S. Department of Transportation
13
For More Information www.its.dot.gov
Kevin Dopart Program Manager, Vehicle Safety and Automation ITS Joint Program Office USDOT [email protected]
U.S. Department of Transportation
14
Backup Slides
U.S. Department of Transportation
15
NHTSA Levels of Automation Level 4 Full Self-Driving
Vehicle Control
Level 3 Limited Self-Driving Level 2 Combined Functions Level 1 Function-Specific
Operator Control
Level 0 No Automation
U.S. Department of Transportation
16
USDOT Automation Research Currently Underway Project
Major Deliverable
Introduction of Cooperative Vehicle-Highway Systems to Improve Speed Harmonization Simulation for Research on Automated Longitudinal Vehicle Control High Performance Vehicle Streams Simulation Partial Automation for Truck Platooning: PATH/Caltrans Partial Automation for Truck Platooning: Auburn University Saxton Transportation Operations Laboratory Task 3: Procure and Instrument Research Vehicles Development of a Platform Technology for Automated Vehicle Research Vehicle Automation Program Management and Planning Human Factors Evaluation of Level 2 and Level 3 Automated Driving Concepts Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) – Investigation of Key Human Factors Issues Development of Functional Descriptions and Test Methods for Emerging Automated Vehicle Applications
Test and evaluation of optimized variable speed targets Simulation of CACC near term operational scenarios both Freeway and Arterial Simulation of CACC operational scenarios Prototype CACC truck platooning system; examination of factors affecting benefits Analysis of key issues prior to heavy truck CACC market introduction Procurement and instrumentation of 3 Cadillac SRX vehicles Procurement of 5 Vehicles with CACC experimental platform Development of roadmaps and program plan materials DVI Principles for L2 & L3 Automation Systems Validated driving simulator test methodology and tools Functional descriptions and potential test and evaluation methods for emerging L2-L4 operational concepts U.S. Department of Transportation
17
USDOT Automation Research Starting in FY14 Project
Major Deliverable
Intelligent Network Flow Optimization CACC Test Prototype and small-scale field test Automated Speed Harmonization Prototyping and Testing Lane Changing/Merge Foundational Research AERIS – Eco-Approach & Departure
Live traffic test of speed harmonization State-of-the research review, concept development, simulation and testing of concept Test and evaluation of AERIS application
Enabling Technologies: Future Forecast
Ongoing tracking and projections of enabling CV and VA technologies
Foundational Research for Automated Vehicle Policy
Analysis of policy issues, gaps, research needs, and Federal role
Vehicle Cybersecurity Research
Cybersecurity knowledge base
Functional Safety of Automated Lane Centering Controls
Minimum functional and safety requirements for lane centering technologies
Transportation System Benefits Study of Highly Automated Vehicles
Model for evaluation of safety, mobility, and environmental benefits U.S. Department of Transportation
18
