Experts in Water Mist
Experts in Water Mist
Increasing Metro System`s Safety By High Pressure Water Mist Systems © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
1
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products Applications
Principals of High Pressure Water Mist
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
Distributors
2
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Principals of FOGTEC Water Mist Systems • •
Cooling by heat absorbtion via large surface Inerting by local oxygen displacement
OXYGEN
ENERGY
MATERIAL © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
3
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Small Droplets - Big Effect
Droplet Diameter
Reaction surface per litre of water
1mm
⇒
2m² (convent. technologies)
0,1mm
⇒
20m²
0,01 mm
⇒
200m² (FOGTEC Water Mist)
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
4
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Radiant Heat Attenuation • • •
Safe environment for people Protection of nearby objects from radiant heat Prevention from flash over
ENERGY
OXYGEN
MATERIAL
-
335 kJ heating from 20°C to 100°C
- 2,257 kJ by transition from liquid to gas
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
5
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Inerting by Local Oxygen Displacement „Suffocation“ of the fire by displacement of oxygen at the fire source !
ENERGY
Volume enlargement of 1 litre of water by evaporation: 1 litre, liquid ⇒ 1650 litres, gaseous
OXYGEN
MATERIAL
Oxygen reduction only at the source of the fire ! 22
21
O2 [%]
20
19
18
17
16 0
120
240
360 time [s]
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
480
600
ACT IV AT IO N
6
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Absorption of Smoke •
Binding of smoke particles by small droplets
•
Washing out of gases (e.g. HCL) via huge reaction surface
•
Less contamination by smoke
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
7
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Applications Distributors
Increasing Metro Systems Safety High Pressure Water Mist Systems © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
8
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products Applications Distributors
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
9
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Partners
Chinese Fire Research Institute Tianjin, China
Institute for Safety Technology
Institute for Safety Technology
Munich, Germany
Rostock, Germany
Japanese Fire Research Institute Tokyo, Japan
Factory Mutual Fire Research Center Boston, USA
German Aerospace Research Centre Cologne / Trauen, Germany
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Norvegian Fire Research Laboratory Trondheim, Norway
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
Material Testing Institute Dresden, Germany
10
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Control Cabinet Fire Tests Immediate fire control and suppression for cabinet protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
11
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Metro Escalator Fire Tests
Full scale mock-up with forced ventilation
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Different scenarios with Class A and B fires
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
12
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Cable Tunnel Fire Tests
Forced ventilation
18 m cable tunnel PVC cables
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
13
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Rail Track / Under Train Fire Tests
Fire test mock-up with simulated walls
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Hydrocarbon and cable fires under train mock-up
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
14
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Water Mist Curtain Fire Tests
Fire test in accordance to DIN EN 1363-1 Activated water mist curtain at 3 x 3 m front
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
15
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Flammable Liquids Fire Tests
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
16
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products Applications Distributors
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
17
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Increasing Safety
WHY ? • Self – rescuing is difficult (smoke, heat, human behaviour) • Rapid smoke and fire spread • Enormous heat development • Delayed intervention of fire brigades due to long distances
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
18
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Fire Development & Rescuing Limits HRR
Normal fire development
System activation
Heat Limit for External rescue
Fire Fighters arrival Heat Limit for Self rescue
with High Pressure Fire Fighting system
Time © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
19
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept Budapest
• Protected areas • Rail track • Cable tunnel • Escalator • Technical control rooms
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
20
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Protection of 9 underground stations - Protected areas Rail track Cable tunnel Escalator Technical control rooms - Open nozzle system - Wet main pipe up to the section valves - Centralised pump unit
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
21
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Section Valves • pneumatic activated • fast operation • leakage rate zero • monitoring switch for open / close
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
22
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Pump System • • • • • •
© Copyright by FOGTEC
4 + 1 times 120 l/min, 120 bar 4 + 1 times 30 kW, 400 V, 50 Hz Jockey pump 2 l/min, 20 bar Air compressor 55 l/min, 10 bar Break tank 1000 l Control cabinet with PLC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
23
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Water Mist Suppression System Detection System
Area 1
Area 2
Area 3
Section Valves
Control System ALARM
Control Etc… Room Ventilation
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Pre – filled water supply line
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
24
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Pump System
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
25
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
• Nozzle Head • • • •
individual protective caps on every nozzle individual filters on every nozzle stainless steel 100% factory tested
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
26
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Protection of Rail Track
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
27
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Technical Control Rooms © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
28
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Cable Tunnel
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
29
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Escalators
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
30
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept on Ticket Hall Level
Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Plattform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
31
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept on Platform Level Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Plattform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
32
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept on Under Platform Level Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Platform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
33
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept Side View Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Plattform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
34
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products References Applications
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
35
Experts in Water Mist
Selected References – Main Station Essen, Germany
Main Station in Essen underground -
Protection of all underground sales areas and technical rooms
-
900 nozzles
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
36
Experts in Water Mist
Selected References – Metro Line 2 and 4 in Teheran, Iran
The Project - First Phase of enlargement of the existing Metro Lines 2 and 4 by 9 additional Stations - Protection of all technical Areas, cable tunnels and power supply rooms in the Metro Stations - Protection of all escalators and office areas in the Metro Stations
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
37
Experts in Water Mist
Selected References – Metro Line 2 and 4 in Teheran, Iran
Designed System - Open System in all technical Areas and Cable Tunnels below the Plattforms - One pump Station per station with a capacity of 300l/min each. Each system equipped with a redundant pump. - More than 342 section valves and 3141 nozzles are installed.
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
38
Experts in Water Mist
Makkah Mukarama Metro
Designed System - Open Systems in all machinery spaces. - Stand alone cylinder systems for each individual room. - More than 170 stand alone systems with 700 nozzles are installed.
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
39
Experts in Water Mist
The smarter way of Fire Fighting ! © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
40
Increasing Metro System`s Safety By High Pressure Water Mist Systems © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
1
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products Applications
Principals of High Pressure Water Mist
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
Distributors
2
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Principals of FOGTEC Water Mist Systems • •
Cooling by heat absorbtion via large surface Inerting by local oxygen displacement
OXYGEN
ENERGY
MATERIAL © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
3
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Small Droplets - Big Effect
Droplet Diameter
Reaction surface per litre of water
1mm
⇒
2m² (convent. technologies)
0,1mm
⇒
20m²
0,01 mm
⇒
200m² (FOGTEC Water Mist)
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
4
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Radiant Heat Attenuation • • •
Safe environment for people Protection of nearby objects from radiant heat Prevention from flash over
ENERGY
OXYGEN
MATERIAL
-
335 kJ heating from 20°C to 100°C
- 2,257 kJ by transition from liquid to gas
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
5
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Inerting by Local Oxygen Displacement „Suffocation“ of the fire by displacement of oxygen at the fire source !
ENERGY
Volume enlargement of 1 litre of water by evaporation: 1 litre, liquid ⇒ 1650 litres, gaseous
OXYGEN
MATERIAL
Oxygen reduction only at the source of the fire ! 22
21
O2 [%]
20
19
18
17
16 0
120
240
360 time [s]
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
480
600
ACT IV AT IO N
6
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Absorption of Smoke •
Binding of smoke particles by small droplets
•
Washing out of gases (e.g. HCL) via huge reaction surface
•
Less contamination by smoke
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
7
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Applications Distributors
Increasing Metro Systems Safety High Pressure Water Mist Systems © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
8
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products Applications Distributors
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
9
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Partners
Chinese Fire Research Institute Tianjin, China
Institute for Safety Technology
Institute for Safety Technology
Munich, Germany
Rostock, Germany
Japanese Fire Research Institute Tokyo, Japan
Factory Mutual Fire Research Center Boston, USA
German Aerospace Research Centre Cologne / Trauen, Germany
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Norvegian Fire Research Laboratory Trondheim, Norway
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
Material Testing Institute Dresden, Germany
10
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Control Cabinet Fire Tests Immediate fire control and suppression for cabinet protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
11
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Metro Escalator Fire Tests
Full scale mock-up with forced ventilation
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Different scenarios with Class A and B fires
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
12
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Cable Tunnel Fire Tests
Forced ventilation
18 m cable tunnel PVC cables
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
13
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Rail Track / Under Train Fire Tests
Fire test mock-up with simulated walls
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Hydrocarbon and cable fires under train mock-up
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
14
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Water Mist Curtain Fire Tests
Fire test in accordance to DIN EN 1363-1 Activated water mist curtain at 3 x 3 m front
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
15
Experts in Water Mist
R&D – Flammable Liquids Fire Tests
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
16
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products Applications Distributors
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
17
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Increasing Safety
WHY ? • Self – rescuing is difficult (smoke, heat, human behaviour) • Rapid smoke and fire spread • Enormous heat development • Delayed intervention of fire brigades due to long distances
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
18
Experts in Water Mist
Technology - Fire Development & Rescuing Limits HRR
Normal fire development
System activation
Heat Limit for External rescue
Fire Fighters arrival Heat Limit for Self rescue
with High Pressure Fire Fighting system
Time © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
19
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept Budapest
• Protected areas • Rail track • Cable tunnel • Escalator • Technical control rooms
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
20
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Protection of 9 underground stations - Protected areas Rail track Cable tunnel Escalator Technical control rooms - Open nozzle system - Wet main pipe up to the section valves - Centralised pump unit
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
21
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Section Valves • pneumatic activated • fast operation • leakage rate zero • monitoring switch for open / close
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
22
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Pump System • • • • • •
© Copyright by FOGTEC
4 + 1 times 120 l/min, 120 bar 4 + 1 times 30 kW, 400 V, 50 Hz Jockey pump 2 l/min, 20 bar Air compressor 55 l/min, 10 bar Break tank 1000 l Control cabinet with PLC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
23
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Water Mist Suppression System Detection System
Area 1
Area 2
Area 3
Section Valves
Control System ALARM
Control Etc… Room Ventilation
© Copyright by FOGTEC
Pre – filled water supply line
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
24
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Pump System
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
25
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
• Nozzle Head • • • •
individual protective caps on every nozzle individual filters on every nozzle stainless steel 100% factory tested
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
26
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Protection of Rail Track
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
27
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Technical Control Rooms © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
28
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Cable Tunnel
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
29
Experts in Water Mist
Metro - Reference Metro M2 Budapest
Escalators
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
30
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept on Ticket Hall Level
Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Plattform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
31
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept on Platform Level Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Plattform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
32
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept on Under Platform Level Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Platform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
33
Experts in Water Mist
Metro – Concept Side View Public Areas Escalators and Elevators Cable Tunnels Power supply Rooms False Floors Signaling Equipment Room Telecommunication Rooms Station Managers Office Garbage Room Plattform and Track Protection
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
34
Experts in Water Mist
Fire Fighting with Water Mist
Company Technology Research & Development Products References Applications
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
35
Experts in Water Mist
Selected References – Main Station Essen, Germany
Main Station in Essen underground -
Protection of all underground sales areas and technical rooms
-
900 nozzles
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
36
Experts in Water Mist
Selected References – Metro Line 2 and 4 in Teheran, Iran
The Project - First Phase of enlargement of the existing Metro Lines 2 and 4 by 9 additional Stations - Protection of all technical Areas, cable tunnels and power supply rooms in the Metro Stations - Protection of all escalators and office areas in the Metro Stations
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
37
Experts in Water Mist
Selected References – Metro Line 2 and 4 in Teheran, Iran
Designed System - Open System in all technical Areas and Cable Tunnels below the Plattforms - One pump Station per station with a capacity of 300l/min each. Each system equipped with a redundant pump. - More than 342 section valves and 3141 nozzles are installed.
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
38
Experts in Water Mist
Makkah Mukarama Metro
Designed System - Open Systems in all machinery spaces. - Stand alone cylinder systems for each individual room. - More than 170 stand alone systems with 700 nozzles are installed.
© Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
39
Experts in Water Mist
The smarter way of Fire Fighting ! © Copyright by FOGTEC
The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting
40
