Nanocrystalline cellulose self-assembly: Control ...
Nanocrystalline cellulose self‐assembly: Control, mechanism and applications Stephanie Beck, Jean Bouchard and Richard Berry Presented by: Jean Bouchard, Ph.D. Principal Scientist FPInnovations
FPInnovations: Who are we? • The largest NFP research institute in the forestry and forest products sector • 550 employees • Six R & D laboratories • Annual budget of ~ $90 M • We cover the entire value chain, from the forest to consumer products
From the tree to NCC cell walls crystalline region microfibril :
amorphous region
sulfuric acid
nanocrystalline cellulose
NCC
NCC timeline 1949: First colloidal cellulose suspension (Rånby) 1952: Rodlike NCC structure by TEM (Mukherjee et al.) 1959: Liquid crystal properties of NCC (Marchessault et al.) 1992: NCC first extracted from wood pulp (Revol et al.) 1995: First observation of iridescent, coloured solid NCC films (Gray et al.) 2006: Launch of the first NCC pilot plant (0.5 kg/day) 2007‐2010: Process improvement and development of applications 2010: Construction of demonstration plant
New joint venture: Demonstration plant
1 ton NCC per day
Domtar mill, Windsor, Québec First in the world Investment of 40M$. Support from Québec and Federal
governments Design: Canadian engineering firm Start‐up: Fall 2011
CN texture preserved in solid films US Patent 5,629,055 (FPInnovations, May 1997)
evaporation/
P/2
concentration isotropic suspension chiral nematic liquid crystal
λ = n P sinθ
evaporation to dryness
θ ≈ 90° 10° 45°
Iridescent solid NCC films
Control of iridescence colour I US Patent 5,629,055 (FPInnovations, May 1997)
• Adding electrolyte to NCC suspension prior to evaporation causes blue‐shift of films’ peak reflection wavelength: 0% NaCl
0.05% NaCl
0.1% NaCl
0.2% NaCl
0.4% NaCl
• Chiral nematic pitch is shortened • Range of reflection colours obtained from one suspension Revol, Godbout and Gray JPPS 1998, 24(5), 146‐149.
Control of iridescence colour II US Patent Application 12/768,891 (FPInnovations, 2010)
• Sonication of NCC suspension prior to film casting causes a red‐shift of peak reflection wavelength: 0 J
200 J
500 J
750 J
Initial NCC suspension
• Red‐shift increases with increasing applied ultrasound energy; IR region can be reached • No additives required Beck, Bouchard, Berry Biomacromolecules 2011, 12(1), 167‐172.
1300 J
Control of iridescence colour II
)
no sonication λmax
FPInnovations: Who are we? • The largest NFP research institute in the forestry and forest products sector • 550 employees • Six R & D laboratories • Annual budget of ~ $90 M • We cover the entire value chain, from the forest to consumer products
From the tree to NCC cell walls crystalline region microfibril :
amorphous region
sulfuric acid
nanocrystalline cellulose
NCC
NCC timeline 1949: First colloidal cellulose suspension (Rånby) 1952: Rodlike NCC structure by TEM (Mukherjee et al.) 1959: Liquid crystal properties of NCC (Marchessault et al.) 1992: NCC first extracted from wood pulp (Revol et al.) 1995: First observation of iridescent, coloured solid NCC films (Gray et al.) 2006: Launch of the first NCC pilot plant (0.5 kg/day) 2007‐2010: Process improvement and development of applications 2010: Construction of demonstration plant
New joint venture: Demonstration plant
1 ton NCC per day
Domtar mill, Windsor, Québec First in the world Investment of 40M$. Support from Québec and Federal
governments Design: Canadian engineering firm Start‐up: Fall 2011
CN texture preserved in solid films US Patent 5,629,055 (FPInnovations, May 1997)
evaporation/
P/2
concentration isotropic suspension chiral nematic liquid crystal
λ = n P sinθ
evaporation to dryness
θ ≈ 90° 10° 45°
Iridescent solid NCC films
Control of iridescence colour I US Patent 5,629,055 (FPInnovations, May 1997)
• Adding electrolyte to NCC suspension prior to evaporation causes blue‐shift of films’ peak reflection wavelength: 0% NaCl
0.05% NaCl
0.1% NaCl
0.2% NaCl
0.4% NaCl
• Chiral nematic pitch is shortened • Range of reflection colours obtained from one suspension Revol, Godbout and Gray JPPS 1998, 24(5), 146‐149.
Control of iridescence colour II US Patent Application 12/768,891 (FPInnovations, 2010)
• Sonication of NCC suspension prior to film casting causes a red‐shift of peak reflection wavelength: 0 J
200 J
500 J
750 J
Initial NCC suspension
• Red‐shift increases with increasing applied ultrasound energy; IR region can be reached • No additives required Beck, Bouchard, Berry Biomacromolecules 2011, 12(1), 167‐172.
1300 J
Control of iridescence colour II
)
no sonication λmax
