Optical fiber break collection procedure for break source analysis
Application Notes
Optical fiber break collection procedure for break source analysis A Comparison of Dry Versus Gel Filled Optical Cables Author Sudipta Bhaumik
Author
Issued John Peters Sept 2013 Abstract This application note briefly introduces optical fiber break source analysis (BSA) and explains Issued procedure for collecting fiber break ends and other relevant information for BSA.
December 2012
Keywords Optical fiber break, Break Source Analysis, Break end collection
Abstract
The “dry” cable design compares favorably with a “wet” design that uses a flooding compound in the voids within the cable core and/or a thixotropic gel within the buffer tube to achieve comparable water blocking performance.
Keywords Dry cable, super absorbent powder, fiber buffer tubes, cable weight, environment friendly, cost savings
Application Notes
Optical fiber break When a certain tension is applied, optical fiber breaks at the lowest strength point. Proof testing is a common technique to ensure optical fiber has some minimum strength and eliminate flaws whose sizes are dependent on the stress applied during proof testing. In proof testing, predetermined load is applied on fiber by tensile loading. The fiber breaks at the weak points and the weak parts are eliminated from the fiber. Optical fiber used in telecommunication is proof tested at 1% strain, which is equivalent to 700 MPa stress and corresponds to a surface flaw size of approximately 0.85 µm. Therefore proof testing with 1% strain eliminates surface flaws above 0.85 µm
A Comparison of Dry Versus Gel Filled Optical Cables
Fiber break can occur due to intrinsic or extrinsic impurities present in the fiber and surface damage caused during fiber handling and processing. It is very unlikely to see post-proof-testing fiber break during cabling process unless tensile stress of 700 MPa or above is applied on the fiber. However, fiber can break during cabling process if new surface defect is introduced during post-proof testing fiber handling/ processing or by any other means like fiber whip damage [1]. Optical fibers break source analysis (BSA) Break Source Analysis (BSA) is an investigative course of action that is utilized to reveal the mechanism responsible Authorfor a fractured fiber. Every fiber break leaves some microscopic artifacts, located on the fiber break ends. Depending upon the timing of the damage, the artifacts may be found in jackets, the John Peters colouring inks, the fiber coating and the glass. It is the combination and distribution of these artifacts, and often the lack of an artifact, that will reveal the source of a fiber break.
Issued BSA can be performed on any fiber, which breaks right from fiber manufacturing to cable processing. The purpose of BSA is to study the characteristics of the break end to determine the cause of the break. This December 2012 information is used to determine the source of fiber breaks so factors detrimental to the process can be identified and removed. When a fiber breaks, two ends are collected. Microscopic analysis is performed in determining break causes. The fiber end is viewed under microscope and rotation of the fiber and Abstract inspection of characteristics around the break edge reveals the break type. The “dry” cable design compares favorably with a “wet” design that uses a flooding compound the voidsofwithin the cable and/or a thixotropic gel within the buffer Procedure for in collection fiber break endscore for BSA tube to achieve comparable water blocking performance. • Both break ends should be collected.
• The Length of each break end should be between 7-10 cm. • Top-ends of the break should not be touched/ disturbed. Put a ’↑‘ mark to indicate the break end to be Keywords analyzed. Figure 1 shows how to handle and paste the break ends.
Dry cable, super absorbent powder, fiber buffer tubes, cable weight, environment
• Stick the fiber break ends on a paper and keep it in a box to avoid any external damage. Send the box cost savings tofriendly, Sterlite factory or Sterlite’s representative. • Note down the fiber ID and other information as shown in Table 1. Send the information along with the break sample.
Application Notes
A Comparison of Dry Versus Gel Filled Optical Cables Author John Peters
Issued December 2012
Figure 1
Table 1 Format for collecting information related to in-process fiber break
Abstract Spool Condition
Fiber Condition
Machine Related
The “dry” cable design compares favorably with a “wet” design that uses Drive a flooding Fiber Damaged Damaged Dent Flange Bad Process Processing Break Fiber slip compound voids within the cable core and/or gel within the buffer ID Spool in theSpool - Side Winding Name a thixotropic Speed Location* Fault off tube toCover achieve comparable water Gap blocking performance. capstan/
Any Other Observation
pulley
XXXX
No
Keywords
No
No
No
No
Coloring
3000 m/min
1.1 km
No
p
Dry cable, super absorbent powder, fiber buffer tubes, cable weight, environment friendly, cost savings
*with respect to shipped fiber spool from top
References 1. Sudipta Bhaumik, “Whipping damage in optical fiber”, Sterlite Application Note, May’2013.
Copyright© 2017 Sterlite Technologies Limited. All rights reserved. The word and design marks set forth herein are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Sterlite Technologies and/or related affiliates and subsidiaries. All other trademarks listed herein are the property of their respective owners. www.sterlitetech.com
Optical fiber break collection procedure for break source analysis A Comparison of Dry Versus Gel Filled Optical Cables Author Sudipta Bhaumik
Author
Issued John Peters Sept 2013 Abstract This application note briefly introduces optical fiber break source analysis (BSA) and explains Issued procedure for collecting fiber break ends and other relevant information for BSA.
December 2012
Keywords Optical fiber break, Break Source Analysis, Break end collection
Abstract
The “dry” cable design compares favorably with a “wet” design that uses a flooding compound in the voids within the cable core and/or a thixotropic gel within the buffer tube to achieve comparable water blocking performance.
Keywords Dry cable, super absorbent powder, fiber buffer tubes, cable weight, environment friendly, cost savings
Application Notes
Optical fiber break When a certain tension is applied, optical fiber breaks at the lowest strength point. Proof testing is a common technique to ensure optical fiber has some minimum strength and eliminate flaws whose sizes are dependent on the stress applied during proof testing. In proof testing, predetermined load is applied on fiber by tensile loading. The fiber breaks at the weak points and the weak parts are eliminated from the fiber. Optical fiber used in telecommunication is proof tested at 1% strain, which is equivalent to 700 MPa stress and corresponds to a surface flaw size of approximately 0.85 µm. Therefore proof testing with 1% strain eliminates surface flaws above 0.85 µm
A Comparison of Dry Versus Gel Filled Optical Cables
Fiber break can occur due to intrinsic or extrinsic impurities present in the fiber and surface damage caused during fiber handling and processing. It is very unlikely to see post-proof-testing fiber break during cabling process unless tensile stress of 700 MPa or above is applied on the fiber. However, fiber can break during cabling process if new surface defect is introduced during post-proof testing fiber handling/ processing or by any other means like fiber whip damage [1]. Optical fibers break source analysis (BSA) Break Source Analysis (BSA) is an investigative course of action that is utilized to reveal the mechanism responsible Authorfor a fractured fiber. Every fiber break leaves some microscopic artifacts, located on the fiber break ends. Depending upon the timing of the damage, the artifacts may be found in jackets, the John Peters colouring inks, the fiber coating and the glass. It is the combination and distribution of these artifacts, and often the lack of an artifact, that will reveal the source of a fiber break.
Issued BSA can be performed on any fiber, which breaks right from fiber manufacturing to cable processing. The purpose of BSA is to study the characteristics of the break end to determine the cause of the break. This December 2012 information is used to determine the source of fiber breaks so factors detrimental to the process can be identified and removed. When a fiber breaks, two ends are collected. Microscopic analysis is performed in determining break causes. The fiber end is viewed under microscope and rotation of the fiber and Abstract inspection of characteristics around the break edge reveals the break type. The “dry” cable design compares favorably with a “wet” design that uses a flooding compound the voidsofwithin the cable and/or a thixotropic gel within the buffer Procedure for in collection fiber break endscore for BSA tube to achieve comparable water blocking performance. • Both break ends should be collected.
• The Length of each break end should be between 7-10 cm. • Top-ends of the break should not be touched/ disturbed. Put a ’↑‘ mark to indicate the break end to be Keywords analyzed. Figure 1 shows how to handle and paste the break ends.
Dry cable, super absorbent powder, fiber buffer tubes, cable weight, environment
• Stick the fiber break ends on a paper and keep it in a box to avoid any external damage. Send the box cost savings tofriendly, Sterlite factory or Sterlite’s representative. • Note down the fiber ID and other information as shown in Table 1. Send the information along with the break sample.
Application Notes
A Comparison of Dry Versus Gel Filled Optical Cables Author John Peters
Issued December 2012
Figure 1
Table 1 Format for collecting information related to in-process fiber break
Abstract Spool Condition
Fiber Condition
Machine Related
The “dry” cable design compares favorably with a “wet” design that uses Drive a flooding Fiber Damaged Damaged Dent Flange Bad Process Processing Break Fiber slip compound voids within the cable core and/or gel within the buffer ID Spool in theSpool - Side Winding Name a thixotropic Speed Location* Fault off tube toCover achieve comparable water Gap blocking performance. capstan/
Any Other Observation
pulley
XXXX
No
Keywords
No
No
No
No
Coloring
3000 m/min
1.1 km
No
p
Dry cable, super absorbent powder, fiber buffer tubes, cable weight, environment friendly, cost savings
*with respect to shipped fiber spool from top
References 1. Sudipta Bhaumik, “Whipping damage in optical fiber”, Sterlite Application Note, May’2013.
Copyright© 2017 Sterlite Technologies Limited. All rights reserved. The word and design marks set forth herein are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Sterlite Technologies and/or related affiliates and subsidiaries. All other trademarks listed herein are the property of their respective owners. www.sterlitetech.com
