(owns what risk)?

“Strategic Design”

Business Model

Policy

Product/Offer

Strategic Institutions

INDUSTRY INNOVATION CHALLENGE

Change in: • Design process • Organisational function

Business Model

Policy

Product/Offer

Strategic Institutions

Who leads what innovation (owns what risk)?

Policy

Business Model

Product/Offer

Strategic Institutions URBS

• 13 municipalities • 2.4 million passengers/day • 45% of modal share • 385 lines, 80km of exclusive bus lanes • 10 distinct bus‐line types •500 meter network accessibility • 34 terminals, 351 tube stations • Single, system‐wide fare: US 90 cents

strategic leverage requires: • new institutional functions/capacity • new process supporting customization

Kronsberg, Hannover, Germany

Kronsberg

75% CO2 reduction per capita

• 7,000 people/3,000 units • 40% immigrants/lower middle  income/28%