Penwith Housing Association Ground Source Heat Pump ... - Regensw
Retrofitting social housing Presented by Denys Stephens Group Environment and Sustainability Manager Devon & Cornwall Housing
HeatPod Project
Penwith HA’s Retrofit for the Future Project – 2 bed end of terrace house Project partner Earth Energy Engineering
HeatPod Project – Concept:
Very high but practical standard of insulation & air tightness Includes active heating – some households need greater warmth than totally passive systems can provide HeatPod – conservatory providing solar gain, covered clothes drying and extra space, but also fitted with most of the M&E equipment Ground / air / solar source heat pump using energy from exhaust air & HeatPod solar gain to enhance performance Highly integrated use of fabric insulation & renewable energy
HeatPod Project - Plans
High performance External doors 100 mm external Wall insulation
Softwood triple glazing Wood pellet stove
Fixing External Wall Insulation - 1
Fixing External Wall Insulation - 2
Thermal images Pre-Retrofit
Post-Retrofit
Drilling GSHP Borehole
Ground / Air / Solar Source Heat Pump
Ventilation / Heat Recovery Unit
Hot Water Cylinder Ground Loop Circulating Pump Box (outside HeatPod) Heat Pump
Ground / Air / Solar Source Heat Pump
Energy Flow Diagram Highly insulated and airtight structure (thermal mass inside insulation)
Passive air inlet system (green) airflow
Incoming air warmed by solar gain in HeatPod
MVHR Ducts (red) airflow airflow
MVHR Unit – transfers recovered heat to ground loop Radiator system – inputs heat from heat pump when needed
Ground loop (not to scale) provides energy for GSHP but also acts as a thermal store for recovered heat
Installing the PV System
Living room New wood pellet secondary heating
Completed House Street view
Garden view
HeatPod Performance External & internal temperatures 1st June 2010 – 31st July 2012
Bedroom temperature Living room temperature External air temperature
Pre-retrofit
Post-retrofit
GASSHP Performance Heat pump electricity consumption 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012 System efficiency of this system: 3.77
Annual Total 1300 kWhe (£ 175.50 at 13.5p / unit)
HeatPod Project – CO2 emissions Comparison of HeatPod Annual CO2 Emissions - [kgCO2/m2 p.a.]
CO2 Emissions (kg / m2 p.a.)
160.0 140.0 120.0 Onsite gen. P V
100.0
Co o king A ppliances
80.0
Lighting 60.0
Fans & P umps
40.0
Hws Heating
20.0 0.0 -20.0 Initial
Std. elec.
Std.gshp
Data modelling by Earth Energy Engineering
Gshp P lus
HP design
HP actual
Retrofitting social housing 1. Issues
ECO is limited to fabric insulation – but many properties already insulated using CERT & its predecessors Green Deal issues: Designed for home owners – no social housing stream Residents concerns about affordability & long term loans High interest rate (c. 8%) DCH unlikely to pursue GD funded retrofit
DCH stock SAP profile
Retrofitting social housing 2. Basic measures
Top up all lofts to minimum 270mm Cavity fill all cavity walls All solid walls externally or internally insulated Upgrade all gas boilers to high efficiency All windows at least double glazed
Retrofitting social housing 3. Renewable heat (off gas areas)
Replace existing solid fuel, oil fired systems & nightstores Biomass market still under developed Solar thermal helpful but only delivers hot water GSHPs & ASHPs deliver space heating and hot water
Effect of Fuel Price Increases 2005 - 2011 100m2 house annual heating costs
Annual Htg & Hws Cost (£)
Effect of Fuel Price Increases on Annual Heating & HWS Costs for 100m2 H. A. House [2005 - 2011] 2000 1900 1800 1700 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 01/01/05
GSHP Gas Oil Electricity Coal Lpg
01/01/06
01/01/07
01/01/08
31/12/08
31/12/09
31/12/10
31/12/11
Retrofit ASHP
Hot water temperature Internal air temperature External air temperature
External, internal & HW temperatures 1st October 2011 – 30th Sept 2012
ASHP Performance Heat pump electricity consumption 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012 System efficiency of this system: 2.33
Annual total 2220 kWhe (£ 299.70 at 13.5p / unit)
Retrofit GSHP
Hot water temperature
Internal air temperature External air temperature
External, internal & HW temperatures 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012
GSHP Performance Heat pump electricity consumption 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012 System efficiency of this system: 2.42
Annual Total 2450 kWhe (£ 330.75 at 13.5p / unit)
Retrofitting social housing 4. More advanced measures
Address air tightness (requires MVHR) Externally insulate cavity filled properties Triple glazing High efficiency external doors Floor or floor edge insulation
Conclusions
The ECO is a welcome funding stream for social housing, but will most benefit SHPs who have not already carried out extensive insulation programmes. The Green Deal poses difficulties and challenges for the social housing sector which may be difficult to resolve. The issues of energy security, fuel costs and climate change call for radically improved energy efficiency in homes. The ECO and the Green Deal are only an initial step towards the kind of programme that would be needed to meet the targets of the Climate Change Act.
Thanks for listening!
Acknowledgements Special thanks to the following: John Parker – Earth Energy Engineering Dr Robin Curtis – Mimer Energy Ltd Gerry Hargreaves – Woodmead Energy Services T-mac technologies Thanks to the following for supply of equipment: Calorex Ltd, NIBE Energy Systems Ltd, E.ON, Currys. The work reported here concerning the HeatPod project has been funded by the Technology Strategy Board under the Small Business Research Initiative (SBRI) under the Retrofit for the Future programme. This project is one of nearly 90 projects funded under the programme. Further information on the programme can be found at: www.innovateuk.org/retrofit
HeatPod Project
Penwith HA’s Retrofit for the Future Project – 2 bed end of terrace house Project partner Earth Energy Engineering
HeatPod Project – Concept:
Very high but practical standard of insulation & air tightness Includes active heating – some households need greater warmth than totally passive systems can provide HeatPod – conservatory providing solar gain, covered clothes drying and extra space, but also fitted with most of the M&E equipment Ground / air / solar source heat pump using energy from exhaust air & HeatPod solar gain to enhance performance Highly integrated use of fabric insulation & renewable energy
HeatPod Project - Plans
High performance External doors 100 mm external Wall insulation
Softwood triple glazing Wood pellet stove
Fixing External Wall Insulation - 1
Fixing External Wall Insulation - 2
Thermal images Pre-Retrofit
Post-Retrofit
Drilling GSHP Borehole
Ground / Air / Solar Source Heat Pump
Ventilation / Heat Recovery Unit
Hot Water Cylinder Ground Loop Circulating Pump Box (outside HeatPod) Heat Pump
Ground / Air / Solar Source Heat Pump
Energy Flow Diagram Highly insulated and airtight structure (thermal mass inside insulation)
Passive air inlet system (green) airflow
Incoming air warmed by solar gain in HeatPod
MVHR Ducts (red) airflow airflow
MVHR Unit – transfers recovered heat to ground loop Radiator system – inputs heat from heat pump when needed
Ground loop (not to scale) provides energy for GSHP but also acts as a thermal store for recovered heat
Installing the PV System
Living room New wood pellet secondary heating
Completed House Street view
Garden view
HeatPod Performance External & internal temperatures 1st June 2010 – 31st July 2012
Bedroom temperature Living room temperature External air temperature
Pre-retrofit
Post-retrofit
GASSHP Performance Heat pump electricity consumption 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012 System efficiency of this system: 3.77
Annual Total 1300 kWhe (£ 175.50 at 13.5p / unit)
HeatPod Project – CO2 emissions Comparison of HeatPod Annual CO2 Emissions - [kgCO2/m2 p.a.]
CO2 Emissions (kg / m2 p.a.)
160.0 140.0 120.0 Onsite gen. P V
100.0
Co o king A ppliances
80.0
Lighting 60.0
Fans & P umps
40.0
Hws Heating
20.0 0.0 -20.0 Initial
Std. elec.
Std.gshp
Data modelling by Earth Energy Engineering
Gshp P lus
HP design
HP actual
Retrofitting social housing 1. Issues
ECO is limited to fabric insulation – but many properties already insulated using CERT & its predecessors Green Deal issues: Designed for home owners – no social housing stream Residents concerns about affordability & long term loans High interest rate (c. 8%) DCH unlikely to pursue GD funded retrofit
DCH stock SAP profile
Retrofitting social housing 2. Basic measures
Top up all lofts to minimum 270mm Cavity fill all cavity walls All solid walls externally or internally insulated Upgrade all gas boilers to high efficiency All windows at least double glazed
Retrofitting social housing 3. Renewable heat (off gas areas)
Replace existing solid fuel, oil fired systems & nightstores Biomass market still under developed Solar thermal helpful but only delivers hot water GSHPs & ASHPs deliver space heating and hot water
Effect of Fuel Price Increases 2005 - 2011 100m2 house annual heating costs
Annual Htg & Hws Cost (£)
Effect of Fuel Price Increases on Annual Heating & HWS Costs for 100m2 H. A. House [2005 - 2011] 2000 1900 1800 1700 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 01/01/05
GSHP Gas Oil Electricity Coal Lpg
01/01/06
01/01/07
01/01/08
31/12/08
31/12/09
31/12/10
31/12/11
Retrofit ASHP
Hot water temperature Internal air temperature External air temperature
External, internal & HW temperatures 1st October 2011 – 30th Sept 2012
ASHP Performance Heat pump electricity consumption 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012 System efficiency of this system: 2.33
Annual total 2220 kWhe (£ 299.70 at 13.5p / unit)
Retrofit GSHP
Hot water temperature
Internal air temperature External air temperature
External, internal & HW temperatures 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012
GSHP Performance Heat pump electricity consumption 1st August 2011 – 31st July 2012 System efficiency of this system: 2.42
Annual Total 2450 kWhe (£ 330.75 at 13.5p / unit)
Retrofitting social housing 4. More advanced measures
Address air tightness (requires MVHR) Externally insulate cavity filled properties Triple glazing High efficiency external doors Floor or floor edge insulation
Conclusions
The ECO is a welcome funding stream for social housing, but will most benefit SHPs who have not already carried out extensive insulation programmes. The Green Deal poses difficulties and challenges for the social housing sector which may be difficult to resolve. The issues of energy security, fuel costs and climate change call for radically improved energy efficiency in homes. The ECO and the Green Deal are only an initial step towards the kind of programme that would be needed to meet the targets of the Climate Change Act.
Thanks for listening!
Acknowledgements Special thanks to the following: John Parker – Earth Energy Engineering Dr Robin Curtis – Mimer Energy Ltd Gerry Hargreaves – Woodmead Energy Services T-mac technologies Thanks to the following for supply of equipment: Calorex Ltd, NIBE Energy Systems Ltd, E.ON, Currys. The work reported here concerning the HeatPod project has been funded by the Technology Strategy Board under the Small Business Research Initiative (SBRI) under the Retrofit for the Future programme. This project is one of nearly 90 projects funded under the programme. Further information on the programme can be found at: www.innovateuk.org/retrofit
