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CHRONICLES
FROM THE DESK OF
UNITED SUPPLIERS TECHNICAL TEAM
SPRING CONSIDERATIONS for High Yield Winter Wheat
There may be snow on the ground, but now is the time to evaluate winter wheat and
determine what the crop needs when it comes out of dormancy and begins spring growth. The goal is to maximize tillers, and feed and protect the plant to maximize yield.
Nitrogen Nitrogen applied in the late winter-early spring is most effective for increasing wheat yield. Split applications of nitrogen typically provide the highest wheat yield with less lodging potential. The first application of N should be made in mid-February to early March, at Feekes 2-3, and depending on the year, this can vary. Higher N rates should be used in fields with tiller counts that are less than 70 per square foot. Nitrogen applied at this time encourages further tillering and maintains current tillers. Too much nitrogen can increase the potential for lodging, disease and late spring freeze damage. A nitrogen stabilizer such as Nutrisphere-N® or Agrotain® can be used to minimize nitrogen fertilizer losses due to volatilization or leaching.
Other Nutrients Other nutrients may need to be applied to get the best winter wheat yields. Some of these nutrients include sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, copper and manganese. If past field history or tissue sampling show deficiencies, products such as Manniplex® Small Grain (B, Cu, Mn, Zn), Symbol™/Advance (P, K, S, Fe) and Smart Trio® (N, S, Mn, Zn, B) have the potential to increase wheat yields.
Continued on next page. The trademarks, logos and service marks displayed are the trademarks of their respective companies.
CHRONICLES
FROM THE DESK OF
DR. JOHN SQUIRE
TM
Weed Control Winter annual weeds such as wild garlic, chickweed, henbit/purple deadnettle, annual bluegrass and others that were not sprayed in the fall need to be controlled. Wild garlic is best controlled with Harmony® Extra or a generic with similar active ingredients. It may also be tank mixed with 2,4-D, MCPA, dicamba or other products to increase the spectrum of broadleaf weeds controlled. Dicamba and 2,4-D must be applied before Feekes growth stage 6. Other broadleaf control options are Finesse® Grass and Broadleaf or Harmony®. Several options are available for annual grass control, including annual ryegrass control. Axial® XL, Finesse Grass and Broadleaf, Olympus® Flex, Osprey® and Powerflex® are herbicides for postemergence annual grass control. These products need to have a non-ionic surfactant such as Chemsurf/90™ added and some require AMS. Follow labels for additives allowed, tank mixes and weed size restrictions.
© Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2016.
Many annual weeds will need to be controlled in the spring, such as Henbit.
Fungicides Wheat should be scouted early for powdery mildew, leaf blotch, rusts and other foliar diseases and continuously as the season progresses. Timely fungicide applications should be made if needed, in particular to protect the flag leaf. A strobilurin fungicide (Aproach®, Evito®, Headline®, Quadris®) or a triazole (Caramba®, Tilt®, Proline®, Folicur® or Prosaro® and others) or combination fungicide (Twinline®, Priaxor®, Quilt® Xcel, Stratego® YLD, Aproach® Prima, Trivapro®) may be applied. Check labels to see what diseases are controlled and if tank mixes of other products such as insecticides, herbicides or fertilizers are allowed. Always use a high quality spray adjuvant such as Chemsurf/90 if called for on the label. Later in the season, if conditions are favorable for head scab development, Caramba®, Proline® or Prosaro® should be applied as a preventative.
Biostimulants and Growth Regulators Biostimulants are products that provide increase in vigor, greater root mass and better overall stress tolerance in the plant. Toggle® is a rich blend of bioactive compounds and categorized as a biostimulant extract that increases root development, photosynthesis, stress tolerance and grain fill. Bio-Forge® is also categorized as a biostimulant that promotes root hair growth, is an antioxidant and an ethylene reducer and improves plant hormone balance. Palisade® is a growth regulator that increases standability. It prevents a very high yielding crop from lodging, thus maximizing the plants ability to capture sunlight for photosynthesis and grain production.
© Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2016.
Timely fungicide applications can help protect against powdery mildew (left) and leaf rust (right). The trademarks, logos and service marks displayed are the trademarks of their respective companies.
FROM THE DESK OF
UNITED SUPPLIERS TECHNICAL TEAM
SPRING CONSIDERATIONS for High Yield Winter Wheat
There may be snow on the ground, but now is the time to evaluate winter wheat and
determine what the crop needs when it comes out of dormancy and begins spring growth. The goal is to maximize tillers, and feed and protect the plant to maximize yield.
Nitrogen Nitrogen applied in the late winter-early spring is most effective for increasing wheat yield. Split applications of nitrogen typically provide the highest wheat yield with less lodging potential. The first application of N should be made in mid-February to early March, at Feekes 2-3, and depending on the year, this can vary. Higher N rates should be used in fields with tiller counts that are less than 70 per square foot. Nitrogen applied at this time encourages further tillering and maintains current tillers. Too much nitrogen can increase the potential for lodging, disease and late spring freeze damage. A nitrogen stabilizer such as Nutrisphere-N® or Agrotain® can be used to minimize nitrogen fertilizer losses due to volatilization or leaching.
Other Nutrients Other nutrients may need to be applied to get the best winter wheat yields. Some of these nutrients include sulfur, zinc, potassium, boron, copper and manganese. If past field history or tissue sampling show deficiencies, products such as Manniplex® Small Grain (B, Cu, Mn, Zn), Symbol™/Advance (P, K, S, Fe) and Smart Trio® (N, S, Mn, Zn, B) have the potential to increase wheat yields.
Continued on next page. The trademarks, logos and service marks displayed are the trademarks of their respective companies.
CHRONICLES
FROM THE DESK OF
DR. JOHN SQUIRE
TM
Weed Control Winter annual weeds such as wild garlic, chickweed, henbit/purple deadnettle, annual bluegrass and others that were not sprayed in the fall need to be controlled. Wild garlic is best controlled with Harmony® Extra or a generic with similar active ingredients. It may also be tank mixed with 2,4-D, MCPA, dicamba or other products to increase the spectrum of broadleaf weeds controlled. Dicamba and 2,4-D must be applied before Feekes growth stage 6. Other broadleaf control options are Finesse® Grass and Broadleaf or Harmony®. Several options are available for annual grass control, including annual ryegrass control. Axial® XL, Finesse Grass and Broadleaf, Olympus® Flex, Osprey® and Powerflex® are herbicides for postemergence annual grass control. These products need to have a non-ionic surfactant such as Chemsurf/90™ added and some require AMS. Follow labels for additives allowed, tank mixes and weed size restrictions.
© Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2016.
Many annual weeds will need to be controlled in the spring, such as Henbit.
Fungicides Wheat should be scouted early for powdery mildew, leaf blotch, rusts and other foliar diseases and continuously as the season progresses. Timely fungicide applications should be made if needed, in particular to protect the flag leaf. A strobilurin fungicide (Aproach®, Evito®, Headline®, Quadris®) or a triazole (Caramba®, Tilt®, Proline®, Folicur® or Prosaro® and others) or combination fungicide (Twinline®, Priaxor®, Quilt® Xcel, Stratego® YLD, Aproach® Prima, Trivapro®) may be applied. Check labels to see what diseases are controlled and if tank mixes of other products such as insecticides, herbicides or fertilizers are allowed. Always use a high quality spray adjuvant such as Chemsurf/90 if called for on the label. Later in the season, if conditions are favorable for head scab development, Caramba®, Proline® or Prosaro® should be applied as a preventative.
Biostimulants and Growth Regulators Biostimulants are products that provide increase in vigor, greater root mass and better overall stress tolerance in the plant. Toggle® is a rich blend of bioactive compounds and categorized as a biostimulant extract that increases root development, photosynthesis, stress tolerance and grain fill. Bio-Forge® is also categorized as a biostimulant that promotes root hair growth, is an antioxidant and an ethylene reducer and improves plant hormone balance. Palisade® is a growth regulator that increases standability. It prevents a very high yielding crop from lodging, thus maximizing the plants ability to capture sunlight for photosynthesis and grain production.
© Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2016.
Timely fungicide applications can help protect against powdery mildew (left) and leaf rust (right). The trademarks, logos and service marks displayed are the trademarks of their respective companies.
