Supportive Housing

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4.2 Bringing Housing and Child Welfare Agencies Together: We Know How! Thursday, June 9 CSH Summit 2016

csh.org

The Source for Housing Solutions

Supportive Housing Partnerships to Demonstrate the Effectiveness of Supportive Housing for Families with Child Welfare Involvement June 7, 2016

Overview

 Introduction to Keeping Families Together Model  Core components  Families Served  Results  Evolution of Model 2007-2017

Supportive Housing

 

Housing Affordable Non-time-limited Independent

Support Services



Flexible Tenant-Centered Voluntary

  

Case Management Parenting Coaching/Life Skills Substance Abuse Treatment Mental Health Services Primary Health Services Employment Services

Pilot Core Components

  

  5

Supportive Housing Targeting Multi-system Collaboration Capacity Building Evaluation

Felicia Ronald and Felicia move into family homeless shelter

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2005

Exit Shelter

2006

2007

Family Moves into Supportive Housing

2009

2011

2013

616 days Felicia born placed in Foster Care

Returned home

Felicia placed in Foster Care

Returned home

Family remains reunified, Stably housed!

Shelter Child Welfare case closed

495 Days in Foster Care

90 Days in Foster Care

Total Foster Care Days: 585 Total Shelter Days: 610

Snapshot of Keeping Families Together Parent  Recurring homelessness  Long child welfare history  Less than high school education  Substance abuse  Little work history  Diagnosed with mental illness  Extensive trauma history 7

Keeping Families Together Results

 90% remained housed  100% of children reunified

 61% of cases closed within 10 months  87% decrease in indicated reports  Steady increases in school attendance

 Significant cost-offsets

KFT--National Demonstration 2012-2017

10

Housing + Services for Child Welfare Involved Families State of CT Department of Children and Families

King County

Hartford, CT Intensive Supportive Housing for Families Four Oaks Family and Children’s Services

Cedar Rapids, IA San Francisco Human Services Agency

Partners United for Supportive Housing

San Francisco, CA

New Jersey Department of Children and Families

Families Moving Forward

New Mexico

Community Alliance for the Homeless

Memphis, TN Memphis Strong Families Initiative

CSH Keeping Families Together New York NY

Mecklenburg County Department of Community Kids in Distress, Inc

Wilton Manors, FL HEART Alliance

Supportive Housing for Families in the Child Welfare System Findings from the national evaluation

Principal Investigators: Mike Pergamit: [email protected] Mary Cunningham: [email protected] CSH SUMMIT 2016 Chicago, IL

How will we learn? Multi-Methods RCT Study Study

Research Question

Data Sources

Targeting and Prediction Study

Who are the highest need families and would benefit most?

Child welfare and homeless system administrative data

Implementation and Process Study

What are the major housing and services Annual key informant components? What are the challenges? Does interviews the model lead to better coordination?

Impact Study

What impact does the model have on child welfare involvement, homelessness, and child well-being?

Random assignment to treatment and control. Child welfare, homeless system, and other systems’ administrative data; baseline and follow up family survey data

Cost Study

What are the costs and benefits?

Same as Impact

Family Interviews

How do housing and services act as mediators of child and family well-being?

In-depth family interviews

Program Model

All sites are implementing a set of common components with some variation Targeting Supportive Housing Case Management Evaluation

• developing or expanding triage for high-need child welfare families facing housing instability

• implementing a supportive housing service model using community resources that would be useful to the target population; • providing case management for children and parents using evidence-based practices and trauma-informed care • evaluating the effectiveness of their sitespecific service model.

Lead grantees and housing subsidies vary across sites Lead Grantee Child Welfare Agency • Connecticut • San Francisco

Non-profit Service Provider • Broward • Cedar Rapids

Continuum of Care • Memphis

Housing Subsidy Vouchers (Scattered-Site) • Broward • Connecticut • San Francisco

Project-Based • Memphis • Cedar Rapids

Different program models provide lessons on different opportunities and challenges Broward Connecticut Cedar Rapids Memphis San Francisco

• Strong relationship with 5 local PHAs

• Long-time supportive housing program, but now more intensive • Developed housing needs assessment tool • Affordable housing network—short time to housing

• Coordinated enrollment with shelter system • Enrollment built into existing process • Modified SDM tool to better capture housing status

Who are the families?

Enrollment is close to complete (as of 4/30/16)

Referrals

• Began Fall 2012 • 827 families referred

Enrollment

• 359 families offered supportive housing so far • Target: 428 families offered supportive housing (84% of target enrolled so far)

Take-Up

• 295 families housed so far • 82% take-up among families offered supportive housing

Across sites, half of families have preservation cases and half have reunification cases Cross-Site

100% 90% 80% 70% 60%

55%

50%

44%

40%

Cross-Site

30% 20% 10%

0% Preservation

Reunification Source: Referral Data Report

At time of program entry, families have high rates of homelessness and housing instability Cross-Site 42%

41%

41%

40% 39% 38% 37%

Cross-Site

36%

35%

35%

34% 33% 32% Homeless

Unstably housed Source: Referral Data Report

Across sites, there are high rates of child welfare history Cross-Site 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

73% 54% 42% 25%

Cross-Site

Prior report of History of child Primary Primary abuse or welfare caregiver abuse caregiver foster neglect services or neglect as a care as a child child Source: Referral Data Report

Across sites, primary caregivers and children have high needs Cross-Site 70% 60%

60% 50%

50%

46% 38%

40% 30%

24% Cross-Site

20% 10%

0% Caregiver mental health

Caregiver substance abuse

Caregiver Household Child with criminal domestic high needs justice violence involvement Source: Referral Data Report (Definitions vary across sites)

System Changes

Cross site findings from systems change framework Strong interagency teams

• Multi-agency team meetings for treatment families and co-location

Some challenges in teaming

• Challenges to clarify roles and capacity across systems and with service providers

Data sharing has been a major hurdle

• At the frontline, most information is shared informally; at the middle management level, some aggregate information is shared.

Some influence on child welfare practice

• Universal screening • Increase in housing search capacity • Co-location of child welfare and service providers

Early signs of systems change

• Voucher preference and housing priority

What are we learning?

Families are housed after one year 100% 90%

5% 9%

80%

10% 8%

70% 39%

60%

Shelter

50% 40%

Somewhere else

85%

30% 43%

20% 10%

House/apartment without own lease House/apartment w/ own lease

0% Treatment

Control Source: Family Survey

Treatment families have more stable housing after one year Homeless Spells

• Few treatment families (3%) have had a homeless spell in the past 6 months • Almost a fifth (19%) of control families have had a homeless spell in the past 6 months

Moving and Eviction

• Treatment families have moved fewer times • Treatment families have been evicted fewer times

Planning to Stay

• Majority of treatment families (66%) expect to live in their current housing in 6 months • Half of control families (47%) expect to live in their current housing in 6 months Source: Family Survey

Treatment families report better housing quality after one year Rent Burden

• Treatment families less likely to spend more than 30% of income on rent (6%) than Control families (40%)

Crowding

• Treatment families report 1.5 people per bedroom • Control families report 1.9 people per bedroom

Quality

• 63% of treatment families rate their housing as excellent or very good • 40% of control families rate their housing as excellent or very good Source: Family Survey

Neighborhood quality is somewhat better Across most sites, treatment families live in somewhat better neighborhoods than control families

Treatment families report less: People drinking in public Shootings and violence Groups of people hanging out People selling drugs People using drugs

And somewhat less: Trash and junk People being attacked or robbed Gangs Rapes or sexual attacks

Source: Family Survey

Treatment families reported little or no improvement in family wellbeing after one year Economic

• No reduction in material hardship • No improvement in employment

Health

• No apparent improvement in physical health for parents or children • No apparent improvement in mental health for parents or children

Parenting

• No apparent improvement in parenting practices or parent-child relationships • No reduction in parental stress Source: Family Survey

Next Steps for the National Evaluation

Interim outcomes will be released late summer Impacts

• Interim report examining cross-site child welfare and housing outcomes to be released late summer

Benefit-Cost Analysis

• Cost of a night in shelter (in process), cost of child welfare services (this fall), cost of program services (2017), costs to other systems (2017/2018), benefits such as increased employment (2017/2018)

Program observation

In-depth family interviews

• Examining evidence-based services and sustainability plan at each site this fall

• Second group of interviews begins this fall to dive deeper into themes identified in first group

National Evaluation Study Products Program Models Report: http://www.urban.org/research/publ ication/supportive-housing-highneed-families-child-welfare-system

Systems Change Report: http://www.urban.org/research/pu blication/evolution-programsoffering-supportive-housing-childwelfare-involved-families-servicesintegration-and-systems-changehalf-way-point

HEART Alliance for Sustainable Families ROLE OF SYSTEM COLLABORATION Stephen Ferrante, MSW - Group Victory LLC [email protected] - 954-249-2323

SYSTEM COLLABORATION: Project Planning  Gathering Key Stakeholders

 Facilitated Dialogue     

Need & Priorities Ideal System of Care Resource & Service Leveraging Gaps & Capacity Building Program Model

 Community Consensus

HEART TARGETED FAMILIES  Extremely Low Income: 30% of area median income

 Inadequate Housing / Housing Instability  HUD Definition for Homelessness

 Child Welfare Involvement     

Verified Maltreatment Child Removal Risk / Child Removal History of Family Child Welfare Recidivism Legal Sufficiency for Judicial Involvement / Judicial Involvement Reunification Family: Housing one of Remaining Barriers

 At-Risk & Multiple High Needs       

Mental Health Substance Abuse Domestic Violence Development &/or Physical Disabilities Young Children Many Children Household Trauma

HEART INTENT ADDRESS Child Welfare & Child Protective Services Involvement

Family Homelessness Family Economic Instability Family Recidivism

HEART GOALS 50 High Risk / High Need Families Primary Goals      

Reduce the number of child welfare contacts Reduce the incidents of child maltreatment Reduce the number of child removals Reduce the number of foster care placements Increase housing stability Decrease costs associated with child welfare involvement & homelessness

Secondary Goals      

Increase healthy parenting skills Increase emotional coping strategies among family members Increase family employment Increase family financial management and stability Increase legal self-advocacy Increase attainment of permanent affordable housing

HEART PARTNERS & SYSTEM OF CARE KID, Inc. (Kids In Distress)

Lead Youth & Family Services Agency: Project Lead & Clinical Case Management

ChildNet

Lead Child Welfare Agency: Referral & Triage; Housing Coordinator

Broward Sheriff’s Office

Lead Child Protection Agency: Referral & Triage

5 Public Housing Authorities

Housing Choice Voucher Provider & Liaison (50 Vouchers Commitment)

HOPE South Florida

Emergency & Transition Housing

Urban League of Broward County

Economic Self-Sufficiency Provider

Legal Aid of Broward County

Legal Counsel & Guidance

Broward Health

Health Access, Education & Screening

Broward Addiction Recovery Center

Substance Abuse & Behavioral Health Support

Women in Distress

Domestic Violence Prevention

Broward County Homeless Initiative

CoC Lead Agency; CoC Access; Family Identification

Barry University

Local Evaluation

Group Victory, LLC

Planning, Implementation & Sustainability Support

HEART PRIMARY DIRECT SERVICE TEAM KID, Inc.

Project Director Clinical Case Managers (10:1 Ratio)

ChildNet

Housing Coordinator

Urban League of Broward County

2 Family Life Coaches

Legal Aid of Broward County

1 Family Attorney

HEART SYSTEM COLLABORATION: Supportive Housing Model

INTENSIVE SUPPORT SERVICES  Community Targeting  Multi-Partner Triage  Regular Multi-Partner Staffing  Single Family Strengthening Plan  Seamless Service Coordination  Evidence-based Modalities  In-home & Community Service Delivery

HEART SYSTEM COLLABORATION: Supportive Housing Model HOUSING FIRST APPROACH – SCATTERED SITE  Rapid Rehousing  Seamless Access to Emergency Sheltering  Consolidated Housing Voucher Commitment  Prompt Housing Voucher Appointments  Combined Housing Voucher Certification & Orientation  Follow-up Legal Aid Housing Briefing  Landlord Engagement & Inventory Building  Leasing & Inspection Process Communication & Efficiency

HEART SYSTEM COLLABORATION: Successes  Increase in Housing Stability (94% FAMILIES)  Decrease in Evictions  Maintenance of Housing Vouchers  Sense of Home  Decrease in Child Maltreatment (PRE: 282 / CURRENT: 35)  Decrease Child Removals (96% FAMILIES)  Increase in Family Reunification (47 CHILDREN / 21 FAMILIES)  Increase in Family Employment (50% FAMILIES)  Project Fit in Child Welfare, Homeless & Public Housing Systems  Sustainability Commitment & Activities

HEART SYSTEM COLLABORATION: Successes LEGAL ISSUES COMPARISON

Issue

HEART

Program 1

Program 2

Evictions

1%

29%

30%

3 Day Notices

2%

11%

20%

Lease Review

45%

7%

7%

Notice of Termination

2%

4%

6%

Security Deposit

3%

4%

6%

Prohibited Practice

0%

2%

1%

Writ

0%

4%

4%

Tenant in Foreclosure

0%

2%

1%

HEART SYSTEM COLLABORATION: Success Factors  Single Project Identification  Advisory Council & Partner Meeting Structure  Unified Interagency Staff  Shared Mission, Priorities & Values  Role Clarification & Compliment  Shared Tasks & Responsibility  Strong Interagency Communication  Effective Interagency Collaboration  Consistent Family Communication  Resource Sharing & Mutual Support  Celebrations of Success & Each Other

New Resources for Effectively Serve Vulnerable Families Alison Harte, CSH

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Overview • Review New Resources – Tenant Guide and Welcome Packet – Practice Guidebook – Practice Profile

• How to Access

Tenant Guide and Welcome Packet • Support around common problems families face • Support for parent’s role in managing child behavior • Clarity around lease & violations • Clear processes and protocols for dealing with conflicts and issues

Home is Where Children Grow • Key considerations for serving families and youth • Addresses stress and trauma • Supports optimal child and youth development • Builds Resiliency • Strengths-based and trauma-informed • Self Assessment

Delivering Services to Families in Supportive Housing: A Practice Profile • Framework for practice • Guides and supports the work of front line staff • Defines core components of case management practice and requisite skills and knowledge • Direction for assessing how well practice components are being implemented • Organizational support for staff

Resources • http://www.csh.org • Child Welfare & Supportive Housing Newsletter • Learning Community

Contact Information Alison Harte, Associate Director Government Affairs & Innovations alison.harte@csh,org (917) 532-2642 Leah Rhea, Senior Program Manager Government Affairs & Innovation Leah.rhea@csh,org (612) 721-3700 x 114