Unmanned Ground Vehicles:
Unmanned Ground Vehicles: Core Capabilities & Market Background Published by The Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International
August 8, 2013
©AUVSI 2013
Contents 1.0 Data Background ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 UGV Analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Platform Basics .................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Countries ............................................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 Weight ................................................................................................................................................ 4 2.4 Locomotion ........................................................................................................................................ 5 2.5 Energy Source ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.6 Maximum Speed, Range and Endurance ............................................................................................ 6 2.7 Continent ............................................................................................................................................ 7 2.8 Length, Width and Height ................................................................................................................... 7 3.0 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 8
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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1.0 Data Background Over the last few years, the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) has developed three databases of unmanned platforms across the air, ground and maritime domains. The data has been further supplemented by information about the companies involved in design, development and manufacture of these systems. This report provides a glimpse into the contents of the Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) database and some basic ways the data it contains can be utilized. The platform data presented in this report was compiled from a number of sources including company websites, brochures and press releases as well as other publically available websites. For the financial data, AUVSI has utilized the Hoover’s database while also referencing as much as possible from company websites or annual reports when available. The variables collected for each platform include basic information, application, vehicle description, and platform specifications such as weight, locomotion, power, endurance, maximum speed, range and other variables. Given the nature of the industry, the database is dynamic and is constantly being updated so as to contain the most current data available. AUVSI remains vigilant capturing new platforms entering the market and updating information on existing platforms. In addition, AUVSI included historical data of UGVs. This allows our members to view the evolution of unmanned technologies and applications since first being introduced to the market. Furthermore, unlike other vehicle databases, AUVSI’s database spans all industries and development statuses. This includes prototypes used for academic and scientific research, concept designs for UGVs of the future, as well as the standard production-level commercial/civil/military vehicles. AUVSI’s data acquisition strategy was designed to define and capture the broadest universe of UGVs.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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2.0 UGV Analysis 2.1 Platform Basics The directory currently includes approximately 700 platforms and 297 companies from 34 countries. This information includes historical platforms that are no longer active, systems currently in design or research and development, and concept platforms that have yet to be realized.
2.2 Countries The United States and the United Kingdom dominate the market with approximately 53% of the UGVs. Other countries with significant numbers of UGVs include Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Australia, Switzerland and Sweden (Figure 1).
UGVs by Country United States 3%
17%
3%
United Kingdom 45%
3%
Canada France
3%
Germany
5%
Israel
6% 7%
Australia 8%
Switzerland Sweden Rest of World
Figure 1: Ground Platforms by Country
2.3 Weight The weight for UGVs ranged from a low of 0.2 pounds to a high of almost 115,000 pounds. The mean and median weight for UGVs was found to be 4,267 pounds (1,936 kg) and 176 pounds (80 kg), respectively. The 25th percentile was 38 pounds and the 75th percentile was 1,653 pounds.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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2.4 Locomotion Among the 588 platforms that have locomotion data, wheeled and tracked overwhelmingly dominate the distribution with 89% of the market (Figure 2).
Number of UGVs by Locomotion Type 3%
1%
.2%
7% Wheeled 49%
Tracked Tracked or Wheeled
40%
Legged Rolling Tracked, Wheeled or Legged
Figure 2: Ground Platform Locomotion
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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2.5 Energy Source Among the 322 platforms that have energy source data, battery and diesel overwhelmingly dominate, with 94% of platforms using either or both of these energy sources (Figure 3).
UGVs by Energy Source 1%
Battery
1% 1% 2% 2%
Diesel
25%
Diesel or Battery Gasoline 69% Combinations of Gasoline, Diesel, Fuel Cell, or Battery Gasoline or Battery Gasoline or Heavy Fuel
Figure 3: Ground Platform Energy Source
2.6 Maximum Speed, Range and Endurance The maximum speed for UGV’s ranged from a low of 0.1 miles per hour (mph) to a high of 90 mph. The mean and median maximum speed for UGVs was found to be 7 mph and 4 mph, respectively. The 25th percentile was 2 mph and the 75th percentile was 6 mph. Range for UGVs ran from a low of 0.1 miles (0.2 km) to a high of approximately 311 miles (500 km). The mean and median range for UGVs was found to be 33.2 miles (53 km) and 6.2 miles (10 km), respectively. The 25th percentile was 0.5 miles (0.8 km) and the 75th percentile was 14.9 miles (24 km). Endurance for UGVs ranged from a minimum of 0.3 hours to a maximum of 100 hours. The mean and median endurance for UGVs was 7.7 hours and 5.0 hours, respectively. The 25th percentile was 2.5 hours and the 75th percentile was 8.0 hours.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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2.7 Continent The global nature of the UGV market may be seen by looking at the distribution of UGV platforms by continent (Figure 4). North America and Europe dominate the market with approximately 90% of platforms. Other continents, in rank order, include Asia, Australia, South America and Africa.
UGV Platforms by Continent 1% 6%
.2%
3% North America 52%
Europe Asia
38%
Australia South America Africa
Figure 4: Ground Platforms by Continent
2.8 Length, Width and Height The average length of a UGV is 5.8 feet with a median of 3 feet. The smallest UGV is 0.2 feet long and the longest is over 72 feet. The 25th and 75th percentiles are 1.9 feet and 7.0 feet, respectively. The width of UGVs range from 0.1 feet to 16.4 feet. The average width is 3.1 feet and the median width is 2.0 feet. The 25th percentile is 1.4 feet and the 75th percentile is 4.2 feet. The average height of a UGV is 4.1 feet with a median of 1.9 feet. The smallest UGV is 0.1 feet high and the largest is 14.8 feet high. The 25th and 75th percentiles are 0.9 feet and 4.9 feet, respectively.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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3.0 Conclusion The information in this report is meant to give a background of the information contained in AUVSI’s Unmanned Systems and Robotics Directory. UGVs contain a broad spectrum of physical characteristics from a diverse manufacturer base spanning the globe. The figures presented in this report are only the tip of the iceberg with respect to the kinds of information AUVSI has collected. Detailed data includes over 100,000 data points, 3,800 platforms and 1,200 companies. For more information and to subscribe to full access of the Unmanned Systems & Robotics Directory, go to robotdirectory.auvsi.org.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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August 8, 2013
©AUVSI 2013
Contents 1.0 Data Background ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 UGV Analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Platform Basics .................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Countries ............................................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 Weight ................................................................................................................................................ 4 2.4 Locomotion ........................................................................................................................................ 5 2.5 Energy Source ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.6 Maximum Speed, Range and Endurance ............................................................................................ 6 2.7 Continent ............................................................................................................................................ 7 2.8 Length, Width and Height ................................................................................................................... 7 3.0 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 8
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
Page 2
1.0 Data Background Over the last few years, the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) has developed three databases of unmanned platforms across the air, ground and maritime domains. The data has been further supplemented by information about the companies involved in design, development and manufacture of these systems. This report provides a glimpse into the contents of the Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) database and some basic ways the data it contains can be utilized. The platform data presented in this report was compiled from a number of sources including company websites, brochures and press releases as well as other publically available websites. For the financial data, AUVSI has utilized the Hoover’s database while also referencing as much as possible from company websites or annual reports when available. The variables collected for each platform include basic information, application, vehicle description, and platform specifications such as weight, locomotion, power, endurance, maximum speed, range and other variables. Given the nature of the industry, the database is dynamic and is constantly being updated so as to contain the most current data available. AUVSI remains vigilant capturing new platforms entering the market and updating information on existing platforms. In addition, AUVSI included historical data of UGVs. This allows our members to view the evolution of unmanned technologies and applications since first being introduced to the market. Furthermore, unlike other vehicle databases, AUVSI’s database spans all industries and development statuses. This includes prototypes used for academic and scientific research, concept designs for UGVs of the future, as well as the standard production-level commercial/civil/military vehicles. AUVSI’s data acquisition strategy was designed to define and capture the broadest universe of UGVs.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
Page 3
2.0 UGV Analysis 2.1 Platform Basics The directory currently includes approximately 700 platforms and 297 companies from 34 countries. This information includes historical platforms that are no longer active, systems currently in design or research and development, and concept platforms that have yet to be realized.
2.2 Countries The United States and the United Kingdom dominate the market with approximately 53% of the UGVs. Other countries with significant numbers of UGVs include Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Australia, Switzerland and Sweden (Figure 1).
UGVs by Country United States 3%
17%
3%
United Kingdom 45%
3%
Canada France
3%
Germany
5%
Israel
6% 7%
Australia 8%
Switzerland Sweden Rest of World
Figure 1: Ground Platforms by Country
2.3 Weight The weight for UGVs ranged from a low of 0.2 pounds to a high of almost 115,000 pounds. The mean and median weight for UGVs was found to be 4,267 pounds (1,936 kg) and 176 pounds (80 kg), respectively. The 25th percentile was 38 pounds and the 75th percentile was 1,653 pounds.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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2.4 Locomotion Among the 588 platforms that have locomotion data, wheeled and tracked overwhelmingly dominate the distribution with 89% of the market (Figure 2).
Number of UGVs by Locomotion Type 3%
1%
.2%
7% Wheeled 49%
Tracked Tracked or Wheeled
40%
Legged Rolling Tracked, Wheeled or Legged
Figure 2: Ground Platform Locomotion
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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2.5 Energy Source Among the 322 platforms that have energy source data, battery and diesel overwhelmingly dominate, with 94% of platforms using either or both of these energy sources (Figure 3).
UGVs by Energy Source 1%
Battery
1% 1% 2% 2%
Diesel
25%
Diesel or Battery Gasoline 69% Combinations of Gasoline, Diesel, Fuel Cell, or Battery Gasoline or Battery Gasoline or Heavy Fuel
Figure 3: Ground Platform Energy Source
2.6 Maximum Speed, Range and Endurance The maximum speed for UGV’s ranged from a low of 0.1 miles per hour (mph) to a high of 90 mph. The mean and median maximum speed for UGVs was found to be 7 mph and 4 mph, respectively. The 25th percentile was 2 mph and the 75th percentile was 6 mph. Range for UGVs ran from a low of 0.1 miles (0.2 km) to a high of approximately 311 miles (500 km). The mean and median range for UGVs was found to be 33.2 miles (53 km) and 6.2 miles (10 km), respectively. The 25th percentile was 0.5 miles (0.8 km) and the 75th percentile was 14.9 miles (24 km). Endurance for UGVs ranged from a minimum of 0.3 hours to a maximum of 100 hours. The mean and median endurance for UGVs was 7.7 hours and 5.0 hours, respectively. The 25th percentile was 2.5 hours and the 75th percentile was 8.0 hours.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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2.7 Continent The global nature of the UGV market may be seen by looking at the distribution of UGV platforms by continent (Figure 4). North America and Europe dominate the market with approximately 90% of platforms. Other continents, in rank order, include Asia, Australia, South America and Africa.
UGV Platforms by Continent 1% 6%
.2%
3% North America 52%
Europe Asia
38%
Australia South America Africa
Figure 4: Ground Platforms by Continent
2.8 Length, Width and Height The average length of a UGV is 5.8 feet with a median of 3 feet. The smallest UGV is 0.2 feet long and the longest is over 72 feet. The 25th and 75th percentiles are 1.9 feet and 7.0 feet, respectively. The width of UGVs range from 0.1 feet to 16.4 feet. The average width is 3.1 feet and the median width is 2.0 feet. The 25th percentile is 1.4 feet and the 75th percentile is 4.2 feet. The average height of a UGV is 4.1 feet with a median of 1.9 feet. The smallest UGV is 0.1 feet high and the largest is 14.8 feet high. The 25th and 75th percentiles are 0.9 feet and 4.9 feet, respectively.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
Page 7
3.0 Conclusion The information in this report is meant to give a background of the information contained in AUVSI’s Unmanned Systems and Robotics Directory. UGVs contain a broad spectrum of physical characteristics from a diverse manufacturer base spanning the globe. The figures presented in this report are only the tip of the iceberg with respect to the kinds of information AUVSI has collected. Detailed data includes over 100,000 data points, 3,800 platforms and 1,200 companies. For more information and to subscribe to full access of the Unmanned Systems & Robotics Directory, go to robotdirectory.auvsi.org.
AUVSI’s UGVs: Core Capabilities and Market Background
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