Week$1$ Intro$to$Concrete$Materials$ Hydration$
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Week$1$
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Intro$to$Concrete$Materials$ Concrete$Components$ •! •! •!
Concrete(=(Cement(+(Fine(&(Coarse(Aggregate( Mortar(=(Cement(+(Water(+(Fine(Aggregate( Paste(=(Cement(+(Water(
Cement(Storage:(moisture(sensitive,(keep(it(dry.(Stored(in(bags(on( pallets( Cement(Fineness:(two(measures:(specific(surface,(particle(size(dist.( o! Finer(=(more(surface(area(=(faster( o! Reaction(rate(is(a(function(of(surface(area(
(
Cement$Properties$$ •!
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7(Standard(cements(in(Australia(( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( Mill(Report/Certificate:(based(on(production(avgs,(can(be(used(for( tracing(changes,(should(be(recorded.(
Sustainability$$ (
Cement$ •!
( ( ( ( ( ( ( •!
( ( ( (
Raw(materials(of(Ordinary(Portland(Cement:(LISA( o! Lime((CaO):(Limestone,(Calcite,(Shale,(Marl( o! Iron((Fe2O3):(Clay,(Iron(ore( o! Silica((SiO2):(Clay,(Shale,(Marl,(Fly(ash( o! Alumina((Al2O3):(Clay,(Shale,(Fly(ash,(Al(Ore(
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Replacing(resources(without(degrading.( Long(term(goals(of(Paris(agreement(in(2015.( Cement(=(5L8%(of(total(CO2(production(( Types(sup(materials((SCM’s):(fly(ash,(silica(fume,(slag,(rice(husk(ash,( metakaolin.(These(are(energy(efficient.( o! Type(GP:(7.5%(of(mineral(additions( o! Type(GB:(fly(ash/slag(more(than(7.5%,(silica(((C4AF(>(C2S( Each(particle(has(slightly(different(structures(of(components,( thus(slightly(different(reaction( Reactivity(is(influenced(by(nature(of(grinding,(fineness(and( cooling(of(clinker( Impurities(can(also(influence(the(reactions(
(
C3S,(C2S,(C3A,(C4AF,(Gypsum(reacts(to(produce(hydrates( Hydration(can(be(measured(i)(Heat(Evolution,(ii)(Reacted(material,( iii)nonLevaporable(water( Each(component(undergoes(different(reactions(with(different(rates( Calcium(silica(hydrates((CLSLH):(50L60%(in(paste( Function(of(C3S:((Alite)( o! Hardens(rapidly(and(largely(responsible(for(initial(set(and( st early(strength((1 (month)( o! Major(contribution(of(heat(evolution( o! Increase(in(C3S(amount(will(cause(early(strength(of( concrete( Function(of(C2S:((Belite)( o! Slow(hydration(and(lower(heat(evolution( o! Contribute(to(the(long(term(strength( Function(of(C3A:((Aluminate)( o! Fast(reaction(and(high(initial(heat(evolution( o! Gypsum(can(retard(the(reactions(and(control(the(setting( time( o! Ettringite(is(responsible(for(early(strengt(
Week$1$
•!
Intro$to$Concrete$Materials$ Concrete$Components$ •! •! •!
Concrete(=(Cement(+(Fine(&(Coarse(Aggregate( Mortar(=(Cement(+(Water(+(Fine(Aggregate( Paste(=(Cement(+(Water(
Cement(Storage:(moisture(sensitive,(keep(it(dry.(Stored(in(bags(on( pallets( Cement(Fineness:(two(measures:(specific(surface,(particle(size(dist.( o! Finer(=(more(surface(area(=(faster( o! Reaction(rate(is(a(function(of(surface(area(
(
Cement$Properties$$ •!
•!
7(Standard(cements(in(Australia(( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( Mill(Report/Certificate:(based(on(production(avgs,(can(be(used(for( tracing(changes,(should(be(recorded.(
Sustainability$$ (
Cement$ •!
( ( ( ( ( ( ( •!
( ( ( (
Raw(materials(of(Ordinary(Portland(Cement:(LISA( o! Lime((CaO):(Limestone,(Calcite,(Shale,(Marl( o! Iron((Fe2O3):(Clay,(Iron(ore( o! Silica((SiO2):(Clay,(Shale,(Marl,(Fly(ash( o! Alumina((Al2O3):(Clay,(Shale,(Fly(ash,(Al(Ore(
•! •! •! •!
•!
Replacing(resources(without(degrading.( Long(term(goals(of(Paris(agreement(in(2015.( Cement(=(5L8%(of(total(CO2(production(( Types(sup(materials((SCM’s):(fly(ash,(silica(fume,(slag,(rice(husk(ash,( metakaolin.(These(are(energy(efficient.( o! Type(GP:(7.5%(of(mineral(additions( o! Type(GB:(fly(ash/slag(more(than(7.5%,(silica(((C4AF(>(C2S( Each(particle(has(slightly(different(structures(of(components,( thus(slightly(different(reaction( Reactivity(is(influenced(by(nature(of(grinding,(fineness(and( cooling(of(clinker( Impurities(can(also(influence(the(reactions(
(
C3S,(C2S,(C3A,(C4AF,(Gypsum(reacts(to(produce(hydrates( Hydration(can(be(measured(i)(Heat(Evolution,(ii)(Reacted(material,( iii)nonLevaporable(water( Each(component(undergoes(different(reactions(with(different(rates( Calcium(silica(hydrates((CLSLH):(50L60%(in(paste( Function(of(C3S:((Alite)( o! Hardens(rapidly(and(largely(responsible(for(initial(set(and( st early(strength((1 (month)( o! Major(contribution(of(heat(evolution( o! Increase(in(C3S(amount(will(cause(early(strength(of( concrete( Function(of(C2S:((Belite)( o! Slow(hydration(and(lower(heat(evolution( o! Contribute(to(the(long(term(strength( Function(of(C3A:((Aluminate)( o! Fast(reaction(and(high(initial(heat(evolution( o! Gypsum(can(retard(the(reactions(and(control(the(setting( time( o! Ettringite(is(responsible(for(early(strengt(
