Chapter 1: South Eastman Population Profile
Chapter 1: South Eastman Population Profile This chapter describes the characteristics of the South Eastman population using key demographic and socioeconomic indicators.
Key Findings: Overall •
South Eastman is a mid-size rural RHA with a relatively young population.
•
Language is extremely important in South Eastman, with French and German predominating.
•
The South Eastman population is not affluent. Education levels are much lower than in Winnipeg, even among younger adults. While most adults are employed, they are commonly in blue collar occupations with incomes generally below Manitoba averages.
•
Socioeconomic levels within South Eastman are in the lower to middle ranges. There is a marked income gradient across municipalities.
•
Recent immigration is making a marked contribution to the South Eastman population.
Demographics •
South Eastman residents numbered 56,648 in June 2003, representing almost 5% of the Manitoba population and 11% of the rural Manitoba population. The region covers approximately 10,000 square kilometres, encompassing 13 municipalities, one small First Nations community, and unorganized territory.
•
Within South Eastman, four geographic districts – Western, Northern, Central, and Southern – facilitate health planning.
•
Overall, the South Eastman population is somewhat younger than the general Manitoba population, with a greater percentage of children under age 15 (24% vs. 20%) and a smaller percentage of seniors age 65+ (11% vs. 14%).
•
There are marked differences in population age structures among districts. The Central District population is younger than the overall South Eastman population, with children representing 26% of residents and seniors, 10%. The Southern District has an aging population, with children forming only 18% of the population and seniors, 20%. In the Western and Northern districts, children form 23% of the population and seniors, 9%.
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Ethnic and Cultural Characteristics •
As in the rest of Manitoba, over 40% of South Eastman residents report multiple ethnic origins.
•
In South Eastman, residents reporting single French or German origins are represented at 2-3 times the provincial rate.
•
14% of South Eastman residents use the French language at home, compared to only 4% in Manitoba overall. In the Western and Northern districts, 31% and 22% of residents respectively, use French at home. In the Central District, approximately one-quarter of residents speak German at home, while in the Southern District, Ukrainian is commonly spoken.
•
Only 1% of South Eastman residents report exclusively Aboriginal origins. Just over 7% of residents report ancestry including at least one Aboriginal origin, with 77% of these reporting Métis heritage and 80% residing in the region’s Northern and Western districts.
Education •
As in rural Manitoba generally, education levels are noticeably lower in South Eastman than in Winnipeg.
•
In South Eastman, 17% of adults age 20+ have less than grade nine education, compared to 8% in Winnipeg; 43% of adults lack a high school graduation certificate, compared to 28% in Winnipeg. Only 23% of South Eastman adults have post-secondary qualifications, compared to 36% in Winnipeg.
•
Within South Eastman, there are marked differences across districts. Residents age 20+ lacking a high school graduation certificate range from 37% in the Northern District to 59% in the Southern District.
•
Education levels are lowest in the oldest population groups. In South Eastman, over 75% of seniors age 65+ lack a high school graduation certificate.
•
Relatively low education levels are also seen in younger adults, with 30% of residents age 20-39 lacking high school graduation.
Employment •
Approximately 70% of South Eastman adults are in the labour force – 80% of men and 60% of women.
•
81% of women with children older than six are in the labour force, as are 68% per cent of women with children under six.
•
Women with pre-school children represent the fastest growing segment of South Eastman’s labour force.
•
South Eastman unemployment rates are generally well below those in Manitoba.
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•
Compared to Manitoba, South Eastman workers are much more likely to be employed in blue collar than white collar occupations.
Income •
In South Eastman, average employment income falls below Manitoba averages across almost all municipalities, for men and women. Men earn more than women for both full- and part-time work.
•
Median household incomes are on par with, or below, Manitoba averages in most South Eastman municipalities and show a marked in-region gradient. In 2000, the income gap between the poorest (Stuartburn) and wealthiest (Ritchot) municipal households was over $36,000 – greater than the median household income recorded for Stuartburn.
•
17% of South Eastman households have annual incomes less than $20,000. In the Southern District, the figure is 30%.
•
Individuals living alone commonly earn less than $20,000 annually. Among persons living alone, the likelihood of having income under $20,000 is much higher in South Eastman than in the rest of Manitoba – in 2000, levels reached 75% in a number of South Eastman municipalities.
Immigration •
In South Eastman, the contribution of recent immigrants to the population is higher than for Winnipeg and considerably higher than for rural Manitoba and Manitoba overall.
•
Recent immigrants represent around 4% of the South Eastman population.
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DEMOGRAPHICS South Eastman covers approximately 10,000 square kilometres, encompassing 13 municipalities, one small First Nations community, and unorganized territory. The population, 56,648 at June 1 2003, represents almost 5% of the provincial total and 11% of the rural Manitoba total. Within South Eastman, four geographic districts – Western, Northern, Central, and Southern – facilitate health planning.
DISTRICT Western District
Northern District
Central District
Southern District
MUNICIPAL DIVISION De Salaberry RM
2,547
St. Pierre-Jolys Village
1,107
Niverville Town
2,327
Ritchot RM
4,944
TOTAL
10,861
La Broquerie RM
2,031
Ste. Anne RM
4,206
Ste. Anne Town
2,488
Taché RM
7,541
TOTAL
16,266
Hanover RM
9,604
Steinbach City
14,050
TOTAL
23,654
Franklin RM
2,104
Stuartburn RM
1,640
Piney RM
1,722
Buffalo Point First Nation Unorganized Territory TOTAL SOUTH EASTMAN
POPULATION (June 2003)
11 390 5,867
-
56,648
The age structures of the Manitoba and South Eastman populations are illustrated by population pyramids constructed by five year age groups and gender for the year 2003.
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The Manitoba pyramid presents a squat triangular peak (ages 50+ years) resting on a broad middle zone (ages 3049 years) and narrower rectangular base (ages birth to 29 years). This profile depicts a population with a relatively high proportion of older residents, a considerable “baby boom” component and fairly low fertility rate. Seniors age 65+ represent 14% of the province’s population; children under 15 represent 20%.
Population Pyramid Manitoba 2003 Population 1,159,784 90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-60000
-40000
-20000
0
20000
male
40000
60000
female
Manitoba Health 2004
Population Pyramid South Eastman 2003 Population 56,648
South Eastman’s demographic profile is younger than Manitoba’s, with seniors age 65+ forming 11% of the RHA population and children under 15, 24%. Relative to the Manitoba pyramid, South Eastman’s is more narrowly tapered for ages 50+ and relatively broad-based across ages birth to 19 years. The South Eastman profile also shows a characteristic narrowing at the “waist” of the pyramid, reflecting levels of outmigration among the 20-34 year age group.
90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
male
2000
3000
female
Manitoba Health 2004
Within South Eastman, population age structures vary considerably by planning district. Pyramids for the Western and Northern districts generally mirror the overall RHA pattern; children form 23% of both district populations and persons age 65+, 9%.
Population Pyramid Western District 2003 Population 10,861
Population Pyramid Northern District 2003 Population 16,266 90+
90+
85 - 89
85 - 89
80 - 84
80 - 84
75 - 79
75 - 79
70 - 74
70 - 74
65 - 69
65 - 69
60 - 64
60 - 64
55 - 59 55 - 59
50 - 54 50 - 54
45 - 49 45 - 49
40 - 44 40 - 44
35 - 39 35 - 39
30 - 34
30 - 34
25 - 29
25 - 29 20 - 24
20 - 24
15 - 19
15 - 19
10-14
10-14
5-9
5-9
0- 4
0- 4
-600
-400
-200 male
Manitoba Health 2004
0
200
400
600
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
female
male
female
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Pyramids for the Central and Southern districts, however, demonstrate widely disparate population age structures.
The population of South Eastman’s Central District is younger than those of South Eastman and Manitoba overall, with children under 15 representing 26% of residents and persons age 65+, 10%. This is true across the district: in Hanover RM, children under 15 form 28% of the population and persons age 65+, 9%, while the figures for Steinbach City are 25% and 11%, respectively. The narrowing at the 20-34 year age level observed in the regional, Western, and Northern district populations is not present.
Population Pyramid Central District 2003 Population 23,654 90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-1500
-1000
-500 male
0
500
1000
1500
female
Manitoba Health 2004
In contrast, the pyramid for the Southern District population is almost rectangular in shape. The steady migration of younger residents from the Southern District has resulted in an aging population, with seniors forming 20% of the population and children only 18%.
Population Pyramid Southern District 2003 Population 5,874 90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-300
-200
-100 male
0
100
200
300
female
Manitoba Health 2004
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ETHNIC AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS Ethnic Origins Over 40% of South Eastman residents report multiple ethnic origins, a figure consistent with the provincial average. South Eastman differs from Manitoba, however, when it comes to residents reporting single ethnic origins, with residents of single French or German origins represented at 2-3 times the provincial rate. In South Eastman, the principal single origin ethnic groups are German (20%), Canadian (13%), French (5%), and British, Dutch, and Ukrainian (each 4%). Manitoba Population By Ethnic Origins
South Eastman Population By Ethnic Origins
1%
1%
2%
9%
4%
4%
3% 1% 1% 7% 46% 5%
7% 2%
Multiple origins Canadian British French German Ukrainian North American Indian Dutch (Netherlands) Polish Filipino Métis Other single origin
4%
Multiple origins Canadian British 43%
French German
20%
Ukrainian Dutch (Netherlands) Russian Métis Other single origin 5%
8%
4%
10%
13%
Canada Census 2001
Canada Census 2001
Home Language While English is the home language for 70% of South Eastman residents, 4% use French at home, 10% use both English and French, 4% use a non-official language (other than English and French), and 12% use a combination of a non-official language and English. The use of French at home by 14% of South Eastman residents contrasts sharply with the figure for Manitoba overall, which stands at only 4%. Manitoba Population By Home Language
South Eastman Population By Home Language
0%
0%
0%
English
11%
0%
English
12%
French
French
3% Non-official languages
4%
English and French
1%
Non-official languages English and French
10%
English and non-official language
English and non-official language
French and non-official language English, French and non-official language
French and non-official language
4%
English, French and non-official language 4%
70% 81% Canada Census 2001
Canada Census 2001
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Indeed, language is a highly important variable in the South Eastman population. In the Western and Northern districts, 31% and 22%, respectively, of residents use French at home. In the Central District, the vast majority of residents (26%) reporting use of a non-official language at home speak German, while in the Southern District, where 18% of residents use a non-official language at home, Ukrainian predominates.
Aboriginal Origins
Composition of Aboriginal Origins Population, South Eastman 1% 0%
3%
5% 12%
North American Indian single origin
11%
North American Indian and nonAboriginal origins Métis single origin
Only 1% of South Eastman residents (N = 705) report exclusively Aboriginal origins. Just over 7% of residents (N = 4,440) report ancestry including at least one Aboriginal origin (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit), with Métis representing 77% of the total Aboriginal origins population.
Métis and non-Aboriginal origins Inuit single origin Inuit and non-Aboriginal origins Other Aboriginal multiple origins
68%
Canada Census 2001
Aboriginal Origins Population, South Eastman Total N = 4440
10%
Almost 80% of South Eastman’s total Aboriginal origins population resides in the region’s Northern and Western districts.
29%
12%
49%
Western District Northern District Central District Southern District
Canada Census 2001
At June 2003, Manitoba Health recorded 11 members of the Buffalo Point First Nation community. The Roseau River First Nation community, while located within South Eastman geographic boundaries, is affiliated with Central regional health authority.
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EDUCATION Over 13,000 students Kindergarten-grade 12 enrolled in South Eastman schools in 2002/03, representing a total student enrolment increase of 18% over 1996/97. In terms of educational attainment, South Eastman schools average 80 high school students graduating from Senior 4 (grade 12) for every 100 students entering Senior 2 (grade 10), comparing well with the Manitoba average of 76. At the post-secondary level, South Eastman students represent 5% of all students, and 13% of rural students, entering and graduating each year from Manitoba universities, figures in keeping with population representation. At the other end of the education spectrum, 53% of South Eastman youth aged 15-24 reported not attending school in the year prior to the 2001 census, a noticeably higher proportion than for Manitoba (45%) and rural Manitoba (49%).
Because young people gravitate to urban areas for post-secondary education and, later, employment, education levels among adults aged 20 and over are noticeably lower in rural Manitoba populations than in Winnipeg. In South Eastman, 17% of residents age 20+ have less than grade nine education, compared to 15% for rural Manitoba and only 8% for Winnipeg. In Winnipeg, 28% of the adult population lacks a high school graduation certificate while in South Eastman, as in rural Manitoba generally, the proportion is 43%. Conversely, only 23% of South Eastman residents have post-secondary qualifications, compared to 36% of the Winnipeg population.
Highest Level of Education Achieved Manitoba, Rural Manitoba, South Eastman Populations Age 20+ 50%
Winnipeg Rural Manitoba South Eastman
40%
30%
20%
10%
0% Without high school certificate
With high school certificate only
Trades certificate or diploma
College or university certificate, diploma or degree
Canada Census 2001
Percent South Eastman Population Age 20+ Without High School Graduation Certificate, By District
Within South Eastman, there is marked variation in education levels across district populations. The proportion of residents age 20+ without a high school graduation certificate ranges from 37% among Northern District residents to 59% among Southern District residents.
59% 46% 39%
Western District
37%
Northern District
Central District
Southern District
Canada Census 2001
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Not unexpectedly, education levels are lowest in the oldest population groups so that, among South Eastman residents age 65+, more than 75% lack a high school graduation certificate. However, even among South Eastman residents ages 20-39, the proportion without high school graduation averages around 30%. Across all age groups, the Winnipeg/rural Manitoba disparity is maintained.
Percent Population Age 20+ Without High School Certificate, By Age Group Manitoba, Rural Manitoba, South Eastman 80%
Winnipeg Rural Manitoba South Eastman
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20% 10%
0% 20-24 years
25-44 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-54 years
55-64 years
65 years and over
Canada Census 2001
EMPLOYMENT Approximately 70% of South Eastman residents aged 25 and over are in the labour force; among men, the figure is 80% and among women, 60%. The regional unemployment rate in the 25+ age group averages 2% for both men and women but around 7% for youth age 15-24. The majority of women age 15 and over, including 68% of women with children under six and 81% of women whose children are older than six, are employed or seeking employment. In keeping with experience elsewhere, women with pre-school children represent the fastest growing segment of the regional labour force.
Labour Force Participation Rates By Gender South Eastman Population Age 15+ 1995 and 2000 100% 90%
1995 2000
80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Men
Canada Census 2001
Women with no children at home
Women with children under 6 years only
Women with children Women with children 6 under 6 years as well years and over only as children 6 years and over
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South Eastman Labour Force Age 15+ Unemployment Rates in 2000, By Municipality
South Eastman unemployment rates in 2000 were generally well below the overall Manitoba level. The exceptional areas were Ste. Anne Town and, particularly, Stuartburn and Piney RMs, where unemployment rates were well above regional and provincial averages.
8 7 6
Manitoba average 4.9
5 4 3 2 1
Pi ne y
T St ua rtb ur n
R M
nn e
Ta ch é
An ne
St e. A
La
D e
St e.
H an ov er Sa la be rry
lle Br oq ue rie St ei nb ac h
ho t
N iv er vi
R itc
Fr an kl St in -P ie rre -J ol ys
0
Canada Census 2001
However, compared to Manitoba averages, South Eastman workers were much more likely to be employed in blue collar than white collar occupations.
Labour Force Age 15+ By Occupation South Eastman and Manitoba 2000
South Eastman Manitoba
24% 20%
21%
18% 15%
15% 14%
9%
8%
8% 6% 5%
7%
6%
1% Management
Business, finance, administration
8% 6%
4%
3%
Natural & applied sciences/related
Health
Social science, education, government service, religion
2%
Art, culture, recreation, sport
Sales & service
Trades, transport, equipment operators/related
Primary industry
Processing, manufacturing, utilities
Canada Census 2001
Occupations vary by gender. Women predominate in the fields of business/finance/ administration, health, social science/ education/government service/religion, art/culture/recreation/sport, and sales/service, while men form the majority of workers in management, applied sciences, trades/transport/equipment operators, primary industry, and processing/manufacturing/utilities. More than 80% of all workers are paid employees; well over one-half are employed outside their municipalities of residence, while one-fifth work from home. South Eastman Labour Force Age 15+ By Occupation and Gender 2000
35%
Men Women
27%
30%
19%
13% 9%
9%
9%
8% 6%
5%
4% 2%
Management
7%
6%
Business, finance, administration
Natural & applied sciences/related
1% Health
1% Social science, education, government service, religion
Art, culture, recreation, sport
6%
3%
2%
Sales & service
Trades, transport, equipment operators/related
Primary industry
Processing, manufacturing, utilities
Canada Census 2001
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In 2000, 53% of South Eastman workers age 15+ worked full-year, full-time, while 47% worked partyear or part-time. Gender differences were marked: whereas 63% of men age 15+ worked full-year, full-time in 2000, the figure for women was only 42%. Between 1995 and 2000, however, levels of full year, full-time employment increased for all workers, rising 3% among men and 5% among women.
Percent South Eastman Labour Force Age 15+ Working Full Year, Full Time and Part Year or Part-Time, By Gender, 1995 and 2000 63%
60%
63% 58%
40%
37%
full year, full-time
part year or parttime
1995
men women
42% 37%
full year, full-time
part year or parttime
2000
Canada Census 2001
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INCOME Average employment income varies greatly across South Eastman according to municipality of residence and generally falls below Manitoba levels. Population Age 15+ With Employment Income 2000 (Canada Census 2001) South Eastman Manitoba
Total population Average employment income $ Worked full year, full time Average employment income $ Worked part year or part time Average employment income $ Males 15+ years Average employment income $ Worked full year, full time Average employment income $ Worked part year or part time Average employment income $ Females 15+ years Average employment income $ Worked full year, full time Average employment income $ Worked part year or part time Average employment income $
Western District
Central District
Northern District
†
Southern District
De Salaberry RM
St. PierreJolys V
Niverville T
Ritchot RM
La Broquerie RM
Ste. Anne RM
Ste. Anne T
Taché RM
Hanover RM
Steinbach C
Stuartburn RM
Piney RM
Franklin RM
609575
1735
445
1035
3090
1505
2305
800
4975
5615
5090
780
775
890
27178
21194
24111
23755
28056
23519
22644
24226
28435
22364
23464
19784
21977
19450
331655
875
210
530
1735
750
1250
435
2795
3000
2690
430
355
470
36549
28355
33564
32480
37658
31784
29695
30312
38886
29695
32068
22825
28783
22860
262265
785
220
475
1300
720
1000
350
2095
2515
2305
330
400
370
16375
14531
16507
15622
15927
15760
14481
17522
15243
14090
14136
17135
16603
15117
320675
980
245
560
1675
855
1280
425
2755
3275
2725
440
470
480
32312
25180
26013
29188
32150
27595
26520
26806
34893
27826
29047
23469
23726
25506
195760
575
125
325
1040
520
775
280
1825
2120
1740
275
210
325
41027
30540
33508
36828
41859
35163
32344
32743
43608
32804
36096
24204
28781
26953
118145
370
105
230
605
315
475
130
880
1095
980
155
245
130
19104
18261
19406
18787
16544
16428
17911
16790
18259
18973
16858
24159
20276
21387
288905
755
205
475
1420
645
1020
375
2220
2340
2360
335
300
410
21480
16021
21833
17355
23240
18143
17779
21308
20419
14728
17013
14983
19268
12386
135890
300
85
200
695
220
480
160
970
880
950
155
145
145
30099
24135
33646
25400
31404
23814
25398
26025
30002
22216
24701
20313
28786
13729
144115
410
115
245
695
405
525
215
1215
1420
1325
180
155
235
14138
11174
13739
12661
15395
15245
11368
17976
13063
10331
12126
11064
10767
11523
†
Census income data not available for Buffalo Point FN. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The 2001 Canada Census records that, among all workers age 15+ with full-year, full-time employment, income in 2000 ranged from nearly $28,000 in Stuartburn and Franklin to $38,000 in Ritchot (Manitoba average $36,549) while, for those with part-year or part-time employment, income ranged from approximately $14,000 in Hanover and Steinbach to $17,500 in Ste. Anne Town (Manitoba average $16,375). Employment income also varies markedly by gender, with men earning more for both full- and part-time work. Census data show that, in 2000, average incomes among men working full-year, full-time ranged from $24,000 (Stuartburn) to nearly $44,000 (Ritchot), while for women the range was $20,000 (Stuartburn) to $33,600 (St.Pierre-Jolys). For men working part-year or part-time, average income ranged from around $16,500 (Ritchot, La Broquerie, Ste. Anne Town, Steinbach) to $24,000 (Stuartburn). For women, part-year or part-time work yielded much lower average incomes, ranging from around $10,000 (Hanover, Piney) to $18,000 (Ste. Anne Town). Median† household incomes also vary by municipality, ranging in 2000 from approximately $26,000 in Stuartburn to $63,000 in Ritchot and exceeding the provincial level in only four regional municipalities.¶ The income gap between the poorest (Stuartburn) and wealthiest (Ritchot) municipal households, at $36,490, was greater than the median household income recorded for Stuartburn.
Median Household Income In 2000 South Eastman By Municipality
$70,000
income gap $36,490
$60,000 $50,000
Manitoba median $41,661 $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000
t
é
R it c ho
Ta ch
N iv er vi lle
R M
er
An ne St e.
H an ov
Sa la be rry
er ie
D e
oq u
T Br La
An ne St e.
kl in
St ei nb ac h
Fr an
Pi ne y St -P ie rre -J ol ys
St ua
rtb ur n
$0
Canada Census 2001
†
Median or middle value is the value that has 50% of recorded values above it and 50% below it. Census income data not available for Buffalo Point FN. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ¶
South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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In 2000, income was below $20,000 for 17% of South Eastman households, between $20,000 and $50,000 for 41%, and above $50,000 for 42%. Overall, the proportion of households with income below $20,000 was 5% below the provincial average.
Household Income Levels South Eastman and Manitoba Under $20,000 $20,000-$49,999 $50,000+ 51%
49% 45%
43%
41%42%
40%
41% 37%
36% 33% 30% 27%
22% 19%
17%
16% 11%
Western District
Northern District
Central District
Southern District
South Eastman
Manitoba
Canada Census 2001
Within South Eastman, however, considerable disparities exist. Household income levels in the Western and Northern districts generally exceeded Manitoba norms. In the Southern District, however, 30% of households had income below $20,000 in 2000and only 27% earned above $50,000. While the Central District showed an average level of low income households, the proportion of households with income above $50,000 was relatively small.
In only four regional municipalities did the proportion of households with income above $50,000 in 2000 surpass the South Eastman average, 59%.†
Household Income Under $50,000 in 2000 South Eastman, By Municipality
South Eastman average 59% 75%
74%
73%
73%
69% 64%
61%
61%
59%
56%
52% 43%
t R itc ho
he Ta c
T ille er v N iv
An
ne
R M
be rry St e.
D e
Sa la
er ie
er
oq u
ov
Br La
H an
ne
T
C ac h
An St e.
rre
V St ei nb
ne
y St .P ie
Pi
nk lin Fr a
St ua rt b ur
n
36%
Canada Census 2001
†
Census income data not available for Buffalo Point FN. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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Across Manitoba in 2000, among all residents age 15+ with income, three-quarters of income was derived from employment and approximately 13% from government transfer payments (for example, pension, unemployment insurance benefits). In South Eastman, income composition generally followed a similar pattern for residents of the Western, Northern, and Central districts. In the Southern District, however, residents depended on government transfer payments for 20-25% of total income.
Government Transfer Payments (%)
Contribution of Government Transfer Payments To Total Income in 2000 South Eastman and Manitoba
24.8
23.9
20.3 15.2 12.7
16.5
15.2 12.1
11.7
kl in
y
Fr an
n
Pi ne
St ua
rtb
ac
ur
h
er ov H
St ei nb
hé
e
Ta c
St e.
St e.
An n
An n
e
rie ue Br oq
R itc
ho
t
ille
8.3
La
St -P ie r
Sa l e D
N iv er v
rry
ba
ab e
ito M an
re -J ol ys
8.3
an
14.5
13.4
16.6
Canada Census 2001
On average, 53% of Manitoba individuals living alone or in other non-family circumstances† reported income below $20,000 in 2000. South Eastman figures, however, were generally higher. In St. PierreJolys Village, Ste. Anne Town, Stuartburn RM, and Franklin RM, levels reached almost 75%.
Unattached Individuals With Income Below $20,000 in 2000 South Eastman and Manitoba
73% 57%
53%
56% 51%
y
nk l in Fr a
ne Pi
ur n rtb
ac
h St ua
St ei nb
an ov er H
T
St e.
An
ne
R e
qu Br o
An n St e.
Ta ch é
41%
M
ie er
ho t itc R
vi ll e N
iv er
La
St
-P ie
rre
-J
la b
er
ol y
s
ry
to ba
Sa
an i
D e
74% 64%
61%
57%
56%
38%
M
74%
72%
Canada Census 2001
†
Non-family persons refer to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1 (e.g. Person 1's sister, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated to Person 1 (e.g. lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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IMMIGRATION The Canada Census provides information on immigration prior to the most recent census day. Data from the 2001 Census recorded that, overall, the contribution of immigrants to the South Eastman population in 2000 was lower, at 10%, than to the populations of Manitoba (12%) and Winnipeg (17%), although well above average for rural Manitoba (6%). Nevertheless, the 2001 Canada Census showed that recent immigrants were important contributors to the South Eastman population. Defining recent immigrants as persons migrating to Canada between 1996 and census day May 15, 2001, the Census recorded 1,355 recent immigrants to South Eastman – 155 from the United States and 1,200 from overseas – accounting for 2.5% of the regional population. The contribution of recent immigrants to the South Eastman population was higher than for Winnipeg (2.1%) and considerably higher than for Manitoba (1.6%) and rural Manitoba (0.9%). Census data recorded that almost three-quarters of recent immigrants to South Eastman entered from the Russian Federation, Germany, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and France and that 85% settled in the region’s Central and Northern districts.
South Eastman 2001 Recent Immigrants By Country of Origin
1%
South Eastman 2001 Recent Immigrants By District of Residence
11%
26%
20%
19%
China, People's Republic of United States Russian Federation United Kingdom France Bosnia and Herzegovina Mexico Germany All other
11% (155)
4% (60)
30% (400)
Western District Northern District Central District Southern District
9% 8%
1% 5%
Canada Census 2001
55% (740)
Canada Census 2001
Since Census day 2001, approximately 1,000 additional immigrants have settled in South Eastman, 80% from overseas. Recent immigrants now represent around 4% of regional residents. The role of immigration in the accelerated growth of the South Eastman population and the implications for health and health services are discussed in following chapters.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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RESOURCES Divisional Enrolment 2002/03. South Eastman School Divisions, 2003. Immigration In/Out South Eastman 1999-2003. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Health, 2004. Manitoba Population Report June 1, 1998. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Health, 1998. Manitoba Population Report June 1, 2003. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Health, 2003. Martens PJ, Fransoo R, et al. The Manitoba RHA Indicators Atlas: Population-Based Comparisons of Health and Health Care Use. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, 2003. School Completion in South Eastman Schools. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 2003. School of Origin: Entering and Graduating Students. Winnipeg, MB: University of Manitoba, 2003. School of Origin: Entering and Graduating Students. Winnipeg, MB: University of Winnipeg, 2003. Statistics Canada. Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions in Manitoba. Ottawa, ON: Supply and Services Canada, 2003.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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Key Findings: Overall •
South Eastman is a mid-size rural RHA with a relatively young population.
•
Language is extremely important in South Eastman, with French and German predominating.
•
The South Eastman population is not affluent. Education levels are much lower than in Winnipeg, even among younger adults. While most adults are employed, they are commonly in blue collar occupations with incomes generally below Manitoba averages.
•
Socioeconomic levels within South Eastman are in the lower to middle ranges. There is a marked income gradient across municipalities.
•
Recent immigration is making a marked contribution to the South Eastman population.
Demographics •
South Eastman residents numbered 56,648 in June 2003, representing almost 5% of the Manitoba population and 11% of the rural Manitoba population. The region covers approximately 10,000 square kilometres, encompassing 13 municipalities, one small First Nations community, and unorganized territory.
•
Within South Eastman, four geographic districts – Western, Northern, Central, and Southern – facilitate health planning.
•
Overall, the South Eastman population is somewhat younger than the general Manitoba population, with a greater percentage of children under age 15 (24% vs. 20%) and a smaller percentage of seniors age 65+ (11% vs. 14%).
•
There are marked differences in population age structures among districts. The Central District population is younger than the overall South Eastman population, with children representing 26% of residents and seniors, 10%. The Southern District has an aging population, with children forming only 18% of the population and seniors, 20%. In the Western and Northern districts, children form 23% of the population and seniors, 9%.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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Ethnic and Cultural Characteristics •
As in the rest of Manitoba, over 40% of South Eastman residents report multiple ethnic origins.
•
In South Eastman, residents reporting single French or German origins are represented at 2-3 times the provincial rate.
•
14% of South Eastman residents use the French language at home, compared to only 4% in Manitoba overall. In the Western and Northern districts, 31% and 22% of residents respectively, use French at home. In the Central District, approximately one-quarter of residents speak German at home, while in the Southern District, Ukrainian is commonly spoken.
•
Only 1% of South Eastman residents report exclusively Aboriginal origins. Just over 7% of residents report ancestry including at least one Aboriginal origin, with 77% of these reporting Métis heritage and 80% residing in the region’s Northern and Western districts.
Education •
As in rural Manitoba generally, education levels are noticeably lower in South Eastman than in Winnipeg.
•
In South Eastman, 17% of adults age 20+ have less than grade nine education, compared to 8% in Winnipeg; 43% of adults lack a high school graduation certificate, compared to 28% in Winnipeg. Only 23% of South Eastman adults have post-secondary qualifications, compared to 36% in Winnipeg.
•
Within South Eastman, there are marked differences across districts. Residents age 20+ lacking a high school graduation certificate range from 37% in the Northern District to 59% in the Southern District.
•
Education levels are lowest in the oldest population groups. In South Eastman, over 75% of seniors age 65+ lack a high school graduation certificate.
•
Relatively low education levels are also seen in younger adults, with 30% of residents age 20-39 lacking high school graduation.
Employment •
Approximately 70% of South Eastman adults are in the labour force – 80% of men and 60% of women.
•
81% of women with children older than six are in the labour force, as are 68% per cent of women with children under six.
•
Women with pre-school children represent the fastest growing segment of South Eastman’s labour force.
•
South Eastman unemployment rates are generally well below those in Manitoba.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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•
Compared to Manitoba, South Eastman workers are much more likely to be employed in blue collar than white collar occupations.
Income •
In South Eastman, average employment income falls below Manitoba averages across almost all municipalities, for men and women. Men earn more than women for both full- and part-time work.
•
Median household incomes are on par with, or below, Manitoba averages in most South Eastman municipalities and show a marked in-region gradient. In 2000, the income gap between the poorest (Stuartburn) and wealthiest (Ritchot) municipal households was over $36,000 – greater than the median household income recorded for Stuartburn.
•
17% of South Eastman households have annual incomes less than $20,000. In the Southern District, the figure is 30%.
•
Individuals living alone commonly earn less than $20,000 annually. Among persons living alone, the likelihood of having income under $20,000 is much higher in South Eastman than in the rest of Manitoba – in 2000, levels reached 75% in a number of South Eastman municipalities.
Immigration •
In South Eastman, the contribution of recent immigrants to the population is higher than for Winnipeg and considerably higher than for rural Manitoba and Manitoba overall.
•
Recent immigrants represent around 4% of the South Eastman population.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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DEMOGRAPHICS South Eastman covers approximately 10,000 square kilometres, encompassing 13 municipalities, one small First Nations community, and unorganized territory. The population, 56,648 at June 1 2003, represents almost 5% of the provincial total and 11% of the rural Manitoba total. Within South Eastman, four geographic districts – Western, Northern, Central, and Southern – facilitate health planning.
DISTRICT Western District
Northern District
Central District
Southern District
MUNICIPAL DIVISION De Salaberry RM
2,547
St. Pierre-Jolys Village
1,107
Niverville Town
2,327
Ritchot RM
4,944
TOTAL
10,861
La Broquerie RM
2,031
Ste. Anne RM
4,206
Ste. Anne Town
2,488
Taché RM
7,541
TOTAL
16,266
Hanover RM
9,604
Steinbach City
14,050
TOTAL
23,654
Franklin RM
2,104
Stuartburn RM
1,640
Piney RM
1,722
Buffalo Point First Nation Unorganized Territory TOTAL SOUTH EASTMAN
POPULATION (June 2003)
11 390 5,867
-
56,648
The age structures of the Manitoba and South Eastman populations are illustrated by population pyramids constructed by five year age groups and gender for the year 2003.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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The Manitoba pyramid presents a squat triangular peak (ages 50+ years) resting on a broad middle zone (ages 3049 years) and narrower rectangular base (ages birth to 29 years). This profile depicts a population with a relatively high proportion of older residents, a considerable “baby boom” component and fairly low fertility rate. Seniors age 65+ represent 14% of the province’s population; children under 15 represent 20%.
Population Pyramid Manitoba 2003 Population 1,159,784 90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-60000
-40000
-20000
0
20000
male
40000
60000
female
Manitoba Health 2004
Population Pyramid South Eastman 2003 Population 56,648
South Eastman’s demographic profile is younger than Manitoba’s, with seniors age 65+ forming 11% of the RHA population and children under 15, 24%. Relative to the Manitoba pyramid, South Eastman’s is more narrowly tapered for ages 50+ and relatively broad-based across ages birth to 19 years. The South Eastman profile also shows a characteristic narrowing at the “waist” of the pyramid, reflecting levels of outmigration among the 20-34 year age group.
90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
male
2000
3000
female
Manitoba Health 2004
Within South Eastman, population age structures vary considerably by planning district. Pyramids for the Western and Northern districts generally mirror the overall RHA pattern; children form 23% of both district populations and persons age 65+, 9%.
Population Pyramid Western District 2003 Population 10,861
Population Pyramid Northern District 2003 Population 16,266 90+
90+
85 - 89
85 - 89
80 - 84
80 - 84
75 - 79
75 - 79
70 - 74
70 - 74
65 - 69
65 - 69
60 - 64
60 - 64
55 - 59 55 - 59
50 - 54 50 - 54
45 - 49 45 - 49
40 - 44 40 - 44
35 - 39 35 - 39
30 - 34
30 - 34
25 - 29
25 - 29 20 - 24
20 - 24
15 - 19
15 - 19
10-14
10-14
5-9
5-9
0- 4
0- 4
-600
-400
-200 male
Manitoba Health 2004
0
200
400
600
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
female
male
female
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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Pyramids for the Central and Southern districts, however, demonstrate widely disparate population age structures.
The population of South Eastman’s Central District is younger than those of South Eastman and Manitoba overall, with children under 15 representing 26% of residents and persons age 65+, 10%. This is true across the district: in Hanover RM, children under 15 form 28% of the population and persons age 65+, 9%, while the figures for Steinbach City are 25% and 11%, respectively. The narrowing at the 20-34 year age level observed in the regional, Western, and Northern district populations is not present.
Population Pyramid Central District 2003 Population 23,654 90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-1500
-1000
-500 male
0
500
1000
1500
female
Manitoba Health 2004
In contrast, the pyramid for the Southern District population is almost rectangular in shape. The steady migration of younger residents from the Southern District has resulted in an aging population, with seniors forming 20% of the population and children only 18%.
Population Pyramid Southern District 2003 Population 5,874 90+ 85 - 89 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10-14 5-9 0- 4
-300
-200
-100 male
0
100
200
300
female
Manitoba Health 2004
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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ETHNIC AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS Ethnic Origins Over 40% of South Eastman residents report multiple ethnic origins, a figure consistent with the provincial average. South Eastman differs from Manitoba, however, when it comes to residents reporting single ethnic origins, with residents of single French or German origins represented at 2-3 times the provincial rate. In South Eastman, the principal single origin ethnic groups are German (20%), Canadian (13%), French (5%), and British, Dutch, and Ukrainian (each 4%). Manitoba Population By Ethnic Origins
South Eastman Population By Ethnic Origins
1%
1%
2%
9%
4%
4%
3% 1% 1% 7% 46% 5%
7% 2%
Multiple origins Canadian British French German Ukrainian North American Indian Dutch (Netherlands) Polish Filipino Métis Other single origin
4%
Multiple origins Canadian British 43%
French German
20%
Ukrainian Dutch (Netherlands) Russian Métis Other single origin 5%
8%
4%
10%
13%
Canada Census 2001
Canada Census 2001
Home Language While English is the home language for 70% of South Eastman residents, 4% use French at home, 10% use both English and French, 4% use a non-official language (other than English and French), and 12% use a combination of a non-official language and English. The use of French at home by 14% of South Eastman residents contrasts sharply with the figure for Manitoba overall, which stands at only 4%. Manitoba Population By Home Language
South Eastman Population By Home Language
0%
0%
0%
English
11%
0%
English
12%
French
French
3% Non-official languages
4%
English and French
1%
Non-official languages English and French
10%
English and non-official language
English and non-official language
French and non-official language English, French and non-official language
French and non-official language
4%
English, French and non-official language 4%
70% 81% Canada Census 2001
Canada Census 2001
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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Indeed, language is a highly important variable in the South Eastman population. In the Western and Northern districts, 31% and 22%, respectively, of residents use French at home. In the Central District, the vast majority of residents (26%) reporting use of a non-official language at home speak German, while in the Southern District, where 18% of residents use a non-official language at home, Ukrainian predominates.
Aboriginal Origins
Composition of Aboriginal Origins Population, South Eastman 1% 0%
3%
5% 12%
North American Indian single origin
11%
North American Indian and nonAboriginal origins Métis single origin
Only 1% of South Eastman residents (N = 705) report exclusively Aboriginal origins. Just over 7% of residents (N = 4,440) report ancestry including at least one Aboriginal origin (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit), with Métis representing 77% of the total Aboriginal origins population.
Métis and non-Aboriginal origins Inuit single origin Inuit and non-Aboriginal origins Other Aboriginal multiple origins
68%
Canada Census 2001
Aboriginal Origins Population, South Eastman Total N = 4440
10%
Almost 80% of South Eastman’s total Aboriginal origins population resides in the region’s Northern and Western districts.
29%
12%
49%
Western District Northern District Central District Southern District
Canada Census 2001
At June 2003, Manitoba Health recorded 11 members of the Buffalo Point First Nation community. The Roseau River First Nation community, while located within South Eastman geographic boundaries, is affiliated with Central regional health authority.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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EDUCATION Over 13,000 students Kindergarten-grade 12 enrolled in South Eastman schools in 2002/03, representing a total student enrolment increase of 18% over 1996/97. In terms of educational attainment, South Eastman schools average 80 high school students graduating from Senior 4 (grade 12) for every 100 students entering Senior 2 (grade 10), comparing well with the Manitoba average of 76. At the post-secondary level, South Eastman students represent 5% of all students, and 13% of rural students, entering and graduating each year from Manitoba universities, figures in keeping with population representation. At the other end of the education spectrum, 53% of South Eastman youth aged 15-24 reported not attending school in the year prior to the 2001 census, a noticeably higher proportion than for Manitoba (45%) and rural Manitoba (49%).
Because young people gravitate to urban areas for post-secondary education and, later, employment, education levels among adults aged 20 and over are noticeably lower in rural Manitoba populations than in Winnipeg. In South Eastman, 17% of residents age 20+ have less than grade nine education, compared to 15% for rural Manitoba and only 8% for Winnipeg. In Winnipeg, 28% of the adult population lacks a high school graduation certificate while in South Eastman, as in rural Manitoba generally, the proportion is 43%. Conversely, only 23% of South Eastman residents have post-secondary qualifications, compared to 36% of the Winnipeg population.
Highest Level of Education Achieved Manitoba, Rural Manitoba, South Eastman Populations Age 20+ 50%
Winnipeg Rural Manitoba South Eastman
40%
30%
20%
10%
0% Without high school certificate
With high school certificate only
Trades certificate or diploma
College or university certificate, diploma or degree
Canada Census 2001
Percent South Eastman Population Age 20+ Without High School Graduation Certificate, By District
Within South Eastman, there is marked variation in education levels across district populations. The proportion of residents age 20+ without a high school graduation certificate ranges from 37% among Northern District residents to 59% among Southern District residents.
59% 46% 39%
Western District
37%
Northern District
Central District
Southern District
Canada Census 2001
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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Not unexpectedly, education levels are lowest in the oldest population groups so that, among South Eastman residents age 65+, more than 75% lack a high school graduation certificate. However, even among South Eastman residents ages 20-39, the proportion without high school graduation averages around 30%. Across all age groups, the Winnipeg/rural Manitoba disparity is maintained.
Percent Population Age 20+ Without High School Certificate, By Age Group Manitoba, Rural Manitoba, South Eastman 80%
Winnipeg Rural Manitoba South Eastman
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20% 10%
0% 20-24 years
25-44 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-54 years
55-64 years
65 years and over
Canada Census 2001
EMPLOYMENT Approximately 70% of South Eastman residents aged 25 and over are in the labour force; among men, the figure is 80% and among women, 60%. The regional unemployment rate in the 25+ age group averages 2% for both men and women but around 7% for youth age 15-24. The majority of women age 15 and over, including 68% of women with children under six and 81% of women whose children are older than six, are employed or seeking employment. In keeping with experience elsewhere, women with pre-school children represent the fastest growing segment of the regional labour force.
Labour Force Participation Rates By Gender South Eastman Population Age 15+ 1995 and 2000 100% 90%
1995 2000
80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Men
Canada Census 2001
Women with no children at home
Women with children under 6 years only
Women with children Women with children 6 under 6 years as well years and over only as children 6 years and over
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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South Eastman Labour Force Age 15+ Unemployment Rates in 2000, By Municipality
South Eastman unemployment rates in 2000 were generally well below the overall Manitoba level. The exceptional areas were Ste. Anne Town and, particularly, Stuartburn and Piney RMs, where unemployment rates were well above regional and provincial averages.
8 7 6
Manitoba average 4.9
5 4 3 2 1
Pi ne y
T St ua rtb ur n
R M
nn e
Ta ch é
An ne
St e. A
La
D e
St e.
H an ov er Sa la be rry
lle Br oq ue rie St ei nb ac h
ho t
N iv er vi
R itc
Fr an kl St in -P ie rre -J ol ys
0
Canada Census 2001
However, compared to Manitoba averages, South Eastman workers were much more likely to be employed in blue collar than white collar occupations.
Labour Force Age 15+ By Occupation South Eastman and Manitoba 2000
South Eastman Manitoba
24% 20%
21%
18% 15%
15% 14%
9%
8%
8% 6% 5%
7%
6%
1% Management
Business, finance, administration
8% 6%
4%
3%
Natural & applied sciences/related
Health
Social science, education, government service, religion
2%
Art, culture, recreation, sport
Sales & service
Trades, transport, equipment operators/related
Primary industry
Processing, manufacturing, utilities
Canada Census 2001
Occupations vary by gender. Women predominate in the fields of business/finance/ administration, health, social science/ education/government service/religion, art/culture/recreation/sport, and sales/service, while men form the majority of workers in management, applied sciences, trades/transport/equipment operators, primary industry, and processing/manufacturing/utilities. More than 80% of all workers are paid employees; well over one-half are employed outside their municipalities of residence, while one-fifth work from home. South Eastman Labour Force Age 15+ By Occupation and Gender 2000
35%
Men Women
27%
30%
19%
13% 9%
9%
9%
8% 6%
5%
4% 2%
Management
7%
6%
Business, finance, administration
Natural & applied sciences/related
1% Health
1% Social science, education, government service, religion
Art, culture, recreation, sport
6%
3%
2%
Sales & service
Trades, transport, equipment operators/related
Primary industry
Processing, manufacturing, utilities
Canada Census 2001
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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In 2000, 53% of South Eastman workers age 15+ worked full-year, full-time, while 47% worked partyear or part-time. Gender differences were marked: whereas 63% of men age 15+ worked full-year, full-time in 2000, the figure for women was only 42%. Between 1995 and 2000, however, levels of full year, full-time employment increased for all workers, rising 3% among men and 5% among women.
Percent South Eastman Labour Force Age 15+ Working Full Year, Full Time and Part Year or Part-Time, By Gender, 1995 and 2000 63%
60%
63% 58%
40%
37%
full year, full-time
part year or parttime
1995
men women
42% 37%
full year, full-time
part year or parttime
2000
Canada Census 2001
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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INCOME Average employment income varies greatly across South Eastman according to municipality of residence and generally falls below Manitoba levels. Population Age 15+ With Employment Income 2000 (Canada Census 2001) South Eastman Manitoba
Total population Average employment income $ Worked full year, full time Average employment income $ Worked part year or part time Average employment income $ Males 15+ years Average employment income $ Worked full year, full time Average employment income $ Worked part year or part time Average employment income $ Females 15+ years Average employment income $ Worked full year, full time Average employment income $ Worked part year or part time Average employment income $
Western District
Central District
Northern District
†
Southern District
De Salaberry RM
St. PierreJolys V
Niverville T
Ritchot RM
La Broquerie RM
Ste. Anne RM
Ste. Anne T
Taché RM
Hanover RM
Steinbach C
Stuartburn RM
Piney RM
Franklin RM
609575
1735
445
1035
3090
1505
2305
800
4975
5615
5090
780
775
890
27178
21194
24111
23755
28056
23519
22644
24226
28435
22364
23464
19784
21977
19450
331655
875
210
530
1735
750
1250
435
2795
3000
2690
430
355
470
36549
28355
33564
32480
37658
31784
29695
30312
38886
29695
32068
22825
28783
22860
262265
785
220
475
1300
720
1000
350
2095
2515
2305
330
400
370
16375
14531
16507
15622
15927
15760
14481
17522
15243
14090
14136
17135
16603
15117
320675
980
245
560
1675
855
1280
425
2755
3275
2725
440
470
480
32312
25180
26013
29188
32150
27595
26520
26806
34893
27826
29047
23469
23726
25506
195760
575
125
325
1040
520
775
280
1825
2120
1740
275
210
325
41027
30540
33508
36828
41859
35163
32344
32743
43608
32804
36096
24204
28781
26953
118145
370
105
230
605
315
475
130
880
1095
980
155
245
130
19104
18261
19406
18787
16544
16428
17911
16790
18259
18973
16858
24159
20276
21387
288905
755
205
475
1420
645
1020
375
2220
2340
2360
335
300
410
21480
16021
21833
17355
23240
18143
17779
21308
20419
14728
17013
14983
19268
12386
135890
300
85
200
695
220
480
160
970
880
950
155
145
145
30099
24135
33646
25400
31404
23814
25398
26025
30002
22216
24701
20313
28786
13729
144115
410
115
245
695
405
525
215
1215
1420
1325
180
155
235
14138
11174
13739
12661
15395
15245
11368
17976
13063
10331
12126
11064
10767
11523
†
Census income data not available for Buffalo Point FN. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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The 2001 Canada Census records that, among all workers age 15+ with full-year, full-time employment, income in 2000 ranged from nearly $28,000 in Stuartburn and Franklin to $38,000 in Ritchot (Manitoba average $36,549) while, for those with part-year or part-time employment, income ranged from approximately $14,000 in Hanover and Steinbach to $17,500 in Ste. Anne Town (Manitoba average $16,375). Employment income also varies markedly by gender, with men earning more for both full- and part-time work. Census data show that, in 2000, average incomes among men working full-year, full-time ranged from $24,000 (Stuartburn) to nearly $44,000 (Ritchot), while for women the range was $20,000 (Stuartburn) to $33,600 (St.Pierre-Jolys). For men working part-year or part-time, average income ranged from around $16,500 (Ritchot, La Broquerie, Ste. Anne Town, Steinbach) to $24,000 (Stuartburn). For women, part-year or part-time work yielded much lower average incomes, ranging from around $10,000 (Hanover, Piney) to $18,000 (Ste. Anne Town). Median† household incomes also vary by municipality, ranging in 2000 from approximately $26,000 in Stuartburn to $63,000 in Ritchot and exceeding the provincial level in only four regional municipalities.¶ The income gap between the poorest (Stuartburn) and wealthiest (Ritchot) municipal households, at $36,490, was greater than the median household income recorded for Stuartburn.
Median Household Income In 2000 South Eastman By Municipality
$70,000
income gap $36,490
$60,000 $50,000
Manitoba median $41,661 $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000
t
é
R it c ho
Ta ch
N iv er vi lle
R M
er
An ne St e.
H an ov
Sa la be rry
er ie
D e
oq u
T Br La
An ne St e.
kl in
St ei nb ac h
Fr an
Pi ne y St -P ie rre -J ol ys
St ua
rtb ur n
$0
Canada Census 2001
†
Median or middle value is the value that has 50% of recorded values above it and 50% below it. Census income data not available for Buffalo Point FN. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ¶
South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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In 2000, income was below $20,000 for 17% of South Eastman households, between $20,000 and $50,000 for 41%, and above $50,000 for 42%. Overall, the proportion of households with income below $20,000 was 5% below the provincial average.
Household Income Levels South Eastman and Manitoba Under $20,000 $20,000-$49,999 $50,000+ 51%
49% 45%
43%
41%42%
40%
41% 37%
36% 33% 30% 27%
22% 19%
17%
16% 11%
Western District
Northern District
Central District
Southern District
South Eastman
Manitoba
Canada Census 2001
Within South Eastman, however, considerable disparities exist. Household income levels in the Western and Northern districts generally exceeded Manitoba norms. In the Southern District, however, 30% of households had income below $20,000 in 2000and only 27% earned above $50,000. While the Central District showed an average level of low income households, the proportion of households with income above $50,000 was relatively small.
In only four regional municipalities did the proportion of households with income above $50,000 in 2000 surpass the South Eastman average, 59%.†
Household Income Under $50,000 in 2000 South Eastman, By Municipality
South Eastman average 59% 75%
74%
73%
73%
69% 64%
61%
61%
59%
56%
52% 43%
t R itc ho
he Ta c
T ille er v N iv
An
ne
R M
be rry St e.
D e
Sa la
er ie
er
oq u
ov
Br La
H an
ne
T
C ac h
An St e.
rre
V St ei nb
ne
y St .P ie
Pi
nk lin Fr a
St ua rt b ur
n
36%
Canada Census 2001
†
Census income data not available for Buffalo Point FN. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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Across Manitoba in 2000, among all residents age 15+ with income, three-quarters of income was derived from employment and approximately 13% from government transfer payments (for example, pension, unemployment insurance benefits). In South Eastman, income composition generally followed a similar pattern for residents of the Western, Northern, and Central districts. In the Southern District, however, residents depended on government transfer payments for 20-25% of total income.
Government Transfer Payments (%)
Contribution of Government Transfer Payments To Total Income in 2000 South Eastman and Manitoba
24.8
23.9
20.3 15.2 12.7
16.5
15.2 12.1
11.7
kl in
y
Fr an
n
Pi ne
St ua
rtb
ac
ur
h
er ov H
St ei nb
hé
e
Ta c
St e.
St e.
An n
An n
e
rie ue Br oq
R itc
ho
t
ille
8.3
La
St -P ie r
Sa l e D
N iv er v
rry
ba
ab e
ito M an
re -J ol ys
8.3
an
14.5
13.4
16.6
Canada Census 2001
On average, 53% of Manitoba individuals living alone or in other non-family circumstances† reported income below $20,000 in 2000. South Eastman figures, however, were generally higher. In St. PierreJolys Village, Ste. Anne Town, Stuartburn RM, and Franklin RM, levels reached almost 75%.
Unattached Individuals With Income Below $20,000 in 2000 South Eastman and Manitoba
73% 57%
53%
56% 51%
y
nk l in Fr a
ne Pi
ur n rtb
ac
h St ua
St ei nb
an ov er H
T
St e.
An
ne
R e
qu Br o
An n St e.
Ta ch é
41%
M
ie er
ho t itc R
vi ll e N
iv er
La
St
-P ie
rre
-J
la b
er
ol y
s
ry
to ba
Sa
an i
D e
74% 64%
61%
57%
56%
38%
M
74%
72%
Canada Census 2001
†
Non-family persons refer to household members who do not belong to a census family. They may be related to Person 1 (e.g. Person 1's sister, brother-in-law, cousin, grandparent), or unrelated to Person 1 (e.g. lodger, room-mate, employee). A person living alone is always a non-family person. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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IMMIGRATION The Canada Census provides information on immigration prior to the most recent census day. Data from the 2001 Census recorded that, overall, the contribution of immigrants to the South Eastman population in 2000 was lower, at 10%, than to the populations of Manitoba (12%) and Winnipeg (17%), although well above average for rural Manitoba (6%). Nevertheless, the 2001 Canada Census showed that recent immigrants were important contributors to the South Eastman population. Defining recent immigrants as persons migrating to Canada between 1996 and census day May 15, 2001, the Census recorded 1,355 recent immigrants to South Eastman – 155 from the United States and 1,200 from overseas – accounting for 2.5% of the regional population. The contribution of recent immigrants to the South Eastman population was higher than for Winnipeg (2.1%) and considerably higher than for Manitoba (1.6%) and rural Manitoba (0.9%). Census data recorded that almost three-quarters of recent immigrants to South Eastman entered from the Russian Federation, Germany, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and France and that 85% settled in the region’s Central and Northern districts.
South Eastman 2001 Recent Immigrants By Country of Origin
1%
South Eastman 2001 Recent Immigrants By District of Residence
11%
26%
20%
19%
China, People's Republic of United States Russian Federation United Kingdom France Bosnia and Herzegovina Mexico Germany All other
11% (155)
4% (60)
30% (400)
Western District Northern District Central District Southern District
9% 8%
1% 5%
Canada Census 2001
55% (740)
Canada Census 2001
Since Census day 2001, approximately 1,000 additional immigrants have settled in South Eastman, 80% from overseas. Recent immigrants now represent around 4% of regional residents. The role of immigration in the accelerated growth of the South Eastman population and the implications for health and health services are discussed in following chapters.
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South Eastman Community Health Assessment 2003/04: Comprehensive Report
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RESOURCES Divisional Enrolment 2002/03. South Eastman School Divisions, 2003. Immigration In/Out South Eastman 1999-2003. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Health, 2004. Manitoba Population Report June 1, 1998. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Health, 1998. Manitoba Population Report June 1, 2003. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Health, 2003. Martens PJ, Fransoo R, et al. The Manitoba RHA Indicators Atlas: Population-Based Comparisons of Health and Health Care Use. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, 2003. School Completion in South Eastman Schools. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 2003. School of Origin: Entering and Graduating Students. Winnipeg, MB: University of Manitoba, 2003. School of Origin: Entering and Graduating Students. Winnipeg, MB: University of Winnipeg, 2003. Statistics Canada. Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions in Manitoba. Ottawa, ON: Supply and Services Canada, 2003.
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