Plastics Industry in Hungary
Plastics Industry in Hungary Author Name: Agnes Pandur Date: February/2009
CUSTOMIZED MARKET RESEARCH for Cleveland Hungarian Development Panel
U.S. Commercial Service Budapest, Hungary 1054 Budapest, Szabadság tér 7-9. Tel#: (36-1) 475-4090 Fax#: (36-1) 475-4676 www.buyusa.gov/hungary
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CONTENTS I. Executive Summary II. General Outlook and the Economy III. The Plastics Industry in Hungary III.1. Economic Background III.2. Raw Materials III.3. Plastic Processing III.4. Process Equipment IV. Major Plastic Companies in Hungary IV.1. Raw Material Production Companies IV.2. Plastic Processing Companies IV.3. Start-Up Activity IV.4. Association V. Academic and Research Institutions
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I. Executive Summary The polymer industry accounts for six percent of Hungary’s total industrial production. Plastic raw material production is traditionally the strongest branch of the Hungarian chemical industry, which was strengthened by heavy investment in the past decade. Plastics processing stumbled in the early ‘90s, but the trend reversed and has grown steadily since 1993. Per capita plastic consumption in Hungary is relatively high: 80 kg/year. Local process equipment production is insignificant. Innovation can be tied to the universities. They are open to and are experienced in handling commission work. II. General Outlook and the Economy Hungary is a Central European country of 10 million people. Since the fall of communism in 1989, it has almost fully transitioned to a market-based economy. Hungary joined the OECD in 1996, NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004. Per capita income is nearly two-thirds that of the EU-25 average and total nominal GDP is US$133 billion. The private sector accounts for more than 80 percent of GDP. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has helped modernize industries, create jobs, boost exports and spur economic growth. Cumulative FDI stock has totaled more than US$90 billion since 1989, the highest in the region on a per capita basis. Among the important sectors are automotive, IT, logistics and, more recently, shared services (e.g., back office and/or call center operations). Currently, foreign firms control two-thirds of manufacturing, 90% of telecommunications, and 60% of the energy sector. EU funding has also driven growth, and will continue to do so. Since 2004, EU funds have been used to improve telecommunications, energy and highway infrastructure. As part of a second National Development Plan (2007-2013), Hungary will allocate approximately €25 billion (USD 36.8 billion) in projects ranging from tourism and transportation to healthcare and environment. The Hungarian government introduced austerity measures in 2006 to reduce the budget deficit, which economists believe helped to slow GDP growth from 3.9 percent in 2006 to 1.7 percent in 2007. Going forward, the global financial crisis and radically altered global environment have changed the outlook for Hungary. While the budget deficit will be cut by more than was previously expected, a full-blown recession is projected instead of economic growth. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) granted a 17-month €12.3 billion stand-by loan for Hungary in November 2008, which reduced financial stress in the country, but the economy still stumbled in the third quarter 2008. Annual growth slowed to 0.8% from 2.0% growth in the second quarter. The performance of the manufacturing and construction industries, which account for about a third of the GDP, pulled down the figures. Export growth has been hit by falling demand in Western Europe while domestic consumption has dropped on public sector spending cuts, falling real wages and a slowdown in bank lending due to the credit crunch.
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A new forecast from economic think-tank GKI, prepared in cooperation with Erste Bank, expects Hungary's GDP to contract by 2.5% in 2009. The GKI-Erste Bank forecast attributed the expected contraction to a natural decline in agricultural output after a sharp increase last year and a deepening of the recession that started to hit several domestic business sectors last year. The researchers predicted that industrial output would drop by 3% in 2009, with a possibility of a rebound only in the fourth quarter of the year. Construction-sector output would also likely drop by 3% this year as a result of a decrease in government, business and retail investments. The forecast noted that decreasing demand would sharpen competition on Hungarian markets in 2009. Investments are expected to fall by 3% this year. The country's exports are likely to stagnate and imports are expected to decline by 2% in 2009. The forecast said that it is almost certain that Hungary's general government deficit will fall well below the 3% stipulated in the Maastricht Criteria. Strict monitoring of the Hungary's agreement with the IMF will also serve to ensure that Hungary's general government deficit will meet the 2.6% target.
III. The Plastics Industry in Hungary Note: All data in this section were supplied to us by the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. III.1. Economic Background The demand for plastic and plastic products is mostly a derivative one: the industry's prospects are closely tied to general economic trends, industrial investment and to the consumption of the population. The downturn in the key customer sectors of plastics - such construction, automotive, machinery and equipment - are consequently expected to impact the plastics industry. The average per capita plastic consumption in Hungary is 80 kg. This is a relatively high number compared to 100 kg/capita/year in Western Europe, 23 kg/capita/year in Eastern Europe and 55 kg/capita/year in the Central-European region. The growth rate of the plastics industry exceeds Hungary’s total industrial growth rate. Between 2003 and 2007, there was a significant capacity increase in raw material production, however, in recent years processing has grown faster. The growth of plastic processing stopped in 1990 as a result of the economic situation around the change of regime, but the trend reversed from 1992, only to decline again in 2007, to 802,400 tons. Hungarian plastics industry within total industry and chemical industry 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2007/2003 2007/2006 Sector % % Sales in billion HUF Industry 13822 15539 16427 19177 20624 149,2 107,5 Chemical Industry 1850 2182 2683 3193 3375 182,4 105,7 Plastics Industry 627 694 853 1038 1182 188,5 113,9 Plastic Raw 259 312 429 536 607 234,4 113,2 Material Plastic processing 368 382 424 502 575 156,3 114,5 Source: KSH (Hungarian Statistical Office)
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Production and processing of plastic raw materials 1970- 2007 Year Production Processing Year Production Processing thousand tons thousand tons 1970 56 133 1990 615 374 1971 82 146 1991 657 342 1972 99 159 1992 696 314 1973 109 183 1993 694 352 1974 112 210 1994 731 390 1975 118 222 1995 742 388 1976 137 252 1996 699 417 1977 145 272 1997 813 523 1978 209 305 1998 836 533 1979 291 329 1999 822 585 1980 318 342 2000 1004 675 1981 314 365 2001 1049 711 1982 326 379 2002 1139 779 1983 345 397 2003 1148 778 1984 385 430 2004 1196 814 1985 389 430 2005 1353 809 1986 426 422 2006 1414 820 1987 545 445 2007 1529 802 1988 590 488 1989 643 487 Production and processing of plastic raw materials 1970- 2007
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III.2. Raw Materials The production of plastic raw materials is traditionally the strongest branch of the Hungarian chemical industry. The manufactured volume has been steadily growing since 1970 and reached 1.5 million tons in 2007. Production of Plastic Raw Materials 2003-2007 in kt Plastic
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Kton Polyethylene (PE)
307,4
297,2
303,6
463,4
460,2
501,0
LDPE
113,2
108,8
110,3
112,0
99,3
100,6
HDPE
194,2
188,4
193,3
351,4
360,9
400,4
Polypropylene (PP)
277,1
276,9
283,2
290,0
279,1
278,9
PVC
275,1
267,6
272,1
290,3
311,8
356,3
Polystyrole
98,9
107,3
117,1
103,9
107,0
103,3
HIPS
53,5
64,8
72,0
63,8
67,4
67,1
EPS
45,4
42,5
45,1
40,1
39,6
36,2
Amin Resin
51,0
50,0
48,0
36,0
40,0
40,0
Epoxy Resin
6,1
5,3
4,6
4,5
4,4
4,0
MDI
53,5
58,0
57,6
62,9
112,6
141,9
TDI
50,4
61,1
64,9
73,8
81,9
85,4
Other Plastic
19,5
24,6
44,9
28,2
17,0
18,2
1139,0
1148,0
1196,0
1353,0
1414,0
1529,0
Total
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Raw Material Export The export of plastic raw materials is a fundamental pillar of the Hungarian plastics industry: 7090% of production is exported. In 2007, export volume grew by 9.8% over 2006, to about 1.29 million tons. The value of exports grew by 28.2% to US$2.16 billion in 2007. The average price of the goods increased by 16.7%: from 1436 US$/t to 1676 US$/t. Plastic Raw Material Export 2002 – 2007 – Volume (Kt) Plastic 2002 2003 2004 Polyethylene (PE) 208,0 211,7 222,9 Polypropylene (PP) 192,4 187,8 204,1 PVC 226,2 231,3 216,0 211,9 213,4 197,0 powder 6,2 9,6 13,7 hard granulate 8,1 8,3 5,3 soft granulate Polystyrole 76,4 91,2 97,3 50,5 57,5 62,2 HIPS 25,9 33,7 35,1 EPS ABS, SAN, etc. 0,6 1,0 1,3 Polyacrylate 0,7 0,5 2,2 Polyamide 1,2 0,7 1,2 Polycarbonate 0,2 0,2 0,5 Polyacetale 0,0 0,0 0,2 PET 1,1 2,3 3,9 Other Polyester 0,1 0,3 0,3 Cellulose-Based 4,4 5,2 6,1 Other Resin 4,7 6,0 9,4 Unsaturated Polyester 0,1 0,2 0,1 Epoxy Resin 0,6 0,8 0,6 Ionchange Resin 0,7 0,7 0,3 PUR Raw Material 96,8 115,6 101,0 Poly(vinyl-acetate) 0,1 0,2 0,2 Other Plastic 7,6 6,1 6,9 Total 821,9 861,8 874,5
2005 380,8 211,4 261,4 244,0 10,0 7,4 87,5 54,5 33,0 1,0 3,1 1,8 0,9 0,2 3,4 0,5 4,5 14,7 0,0 0,3 0,0 131,8 0,2 9,2 1112,7
2006 386,9 203,2 263,6 246,3 9,0 8,3 95,6 63,4 32,2 1,5 4,1 0,9 0,6 0,2 4,8 0,6 0,2 11,7 0,0 0,4 0,1 188,8 0,2 11,5 1174,9
2007 432,0 204,3 303,0 283,6 7,4 12,0 85,1 58,1 27,0 1,3 4,0 0,7 0,4 0,1 4,2 0,2 0,1 14,5 0,4 0,1 217,2 0,3 22,5 1290,4
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Plastic Raw Material Export 2002 – 2007 – Value (USD million) Plastic
2002
2003
Polyethylene (PE) Polypropylene (PP) PVC powder hard granulate soft granulate Polystyrole HIPS EPS ABS, SAN, etc. Polyacrilate Polyamide Polycarbonate Polyacetale PET
128,6 130,6 133,9 123,8 4,6 5,5 62,8 39,5 23,3 0,7 1,4 1,8 0,7 0,1 0,2
PUR Raw Material Other Polyester Cellulose-Based Other Resin Unsaturated Polyester Epoxy Resin Ionchange Resin PUR Raw Material Poly(vinyl-acetate) Other Plastic Total
2006
2007
159,1 155,2 151,7 138,3 7,7 5,7 91,0 55,0 36,0 1,0 0,7 1,5 1,3 0,1 0,5
2004 2005 USD Million 224,7 431,2 208,0 257,9 195,5 228,8 176,2 211,7 14,6 10,3 4,7 6,8 127,6 122,3 77,2 76,0 50,4 46,3 1,7 1,6 4,8 9,1 2,4 2,9 1,6 2,3 0,2 0,4 1,0 1,2
519,6 279,0 259,0 240,9 10,3 7,8 150,6 95,9 54,7 2,1 14,0 2,4 1,6 0,4 1,9
698,0 325,9 337,9 313,8 10,7 13,4 155,2 104,1 51,1 2,5 18,2 2,6 1,6 0,5 2,0
125,8
182,4
196,0
285,0
419,3
560,2
0,5 4,9 1,5 0,2 1,8 1,8 125,8 0,1 8,3 605,7
1,0 4,8 2,6 0,2 2,8 2,0 182,4 0,3 8,4 766,6
1,2 6,7 4,6 0,2 2,0 0,8 196,0 0,5 12,4 991,9
2,2 4,1 8,1 0,0 1,0 0,1 285,0 0,4 17,5 1376,1
3,0 0,3 12,5 0,0 1,5 0,1 419,3 0,4 19,1 1686,8
1,6 0,4 14,3 1,9 0,2 560,2 0,4 39,3 2162,7
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Export of Plastic Raw Materials as Percentage of Produced Volume 2002-2007
Average Price of Plastic Raw Material Export 2002 – 2007 (USD/ t )
USD/t 2000
1676
1750
1436
1500
1134
1237
1250 890 1000
737
750 500 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 10 of 33
Plastic Raw Material Import The structure and portfolio of domestic production differs largely from domestic demand. For example no paste PVC or engineering plastic is produced. In 2007, import quantity reduced by 3% in 2006, to 563,800 tons. The ratio of import in processing is significant: in 2007 it was 70.8%. Plastic Raw Material Import 2002 – 2007 - Volume (Kt) Plastic 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 000 tons Polyethylene (PE) 95,3 95,4 99,2 107,9 116,8 103,6 LDPE 55,0 49,3 52,8 60,7 69,2 54,2 HDPE 40,3 46,1 46,4 47,2 47,6 49,4 52,8 Polypropylene (PP) 58,7 54,3 107,3 82,2 86,3 PVC 62,7 58,5 59,2 56,7 56,9 42,4 33,8 33,3 33,7 30,7 27,5 26,9 powder 4,4 4,8 5,4 4,3 4,2 4,6 hard granulate 20,3 21,1 23,6 21,7 25,2 10,9 soft granulate Polystyrole 57,7 52,6 62,1 54,4 71,5 64,2 37,4 46,3 45,3 43,1 54,0 45,2 HIPS 15,2 15,8 12,4 11,3 17,5 19,0 EPS ABS, SAN, etc. 12,7 15,4 12,6 10,7 11,1 12,0 Policrylate 11,3 12,9 13,6 16,0 21,8 27,3 Polyamide 11,4 12,5 11,9 14,4 18,1 19,6 Polycarbonate 7,6 9,1 10,4 9,0 10,9 16,1 Polyacetale 2,2 2,8 3,1 3,3 3,5 3,7 PET 35,1 49,4 50,6 43,7 45,5 35,4 Other Polyester 5,8 6,6 6,9 8,9 10,8 10,3 Cellulose-Based 1,8 2,3 2,5 4,2 4,6 5,0 Other Resin 32,2 32,6 48,2 49,9 52,4 59,9 Unsaturated Polyester 6,7 7,1 6,2 5,7 5,8 6,4 Epoxy Resin 3,6 3,3 3,5 3,7 3,3 3,5 Ionchange Resin 1,0 0,8 0,4 0,7 0,3 0,6 PUR Raw Material 29,5 31,8 20,4 25,2 29,6 31,3 Poly(vinyl-acetate) 9,0 9,4 9,2 12,8 12,0 12,0 Other Plastic 26,5 25,0 20,8 26,1 23,9 24,2 Total
461,5
492,0
492,7
560,6
581,0
563,8
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Plastic Raw Material Import 2002 – 2007 - Value (USD million) Plastic
2002
2003
Polyethylene (PE)
73,5 41,8 31,7 44,9
87,2 46,4 40,8 53,3
41,6 21,6 4,0 16,0
49,5 24,9 5,1 19,5
66,1 33,2 5,8 27,1
47,4 34,7 12,7 18,8 16,1 27,5 20,4 5,5 33,2 14,9 9,2 13,2 10,8 11,0 2,5 48,0 11,4 46,8
67,2 49,6 17,6 23,7 23,4 38,0 31,6 7,5 53,6 19,8 12,9 16,2 14,0 13,4 2,4 61,0 14,8 58,0
80,4 62,3 18,1 22,6 27,6 44,1 37,7 8,7 66,3 24,5 14,2 23,2 13,5 15,1 1,2 44,8 15,3 61,8
496,7
647,5
744,4
LDPE HDPE
Polypropylene (PP) PVC powder hard granulate soft granulate Polystyrole HIPS EPS ABS, SAN, etc. Policrylate Polyamide Polycarbonate Polyacetale PET Other Polyester Cellulose-Based Other Resin Unsaturated Polyester Epoxy Resin Ionchange Resin PUR Raw Material Poly(vinyl-acetate) Other Plastic Total
2004 2005 USD Million 115,1 146,6 63,4 84,1 51,7 62,5 62,2 126,8
2006
2007
174,2 102,6 71,6 118,0
184,8 98,,0 86,8 147,1
65,8 32,0 4,7 29,1
68,8 29,4 5,5 33,9
65,2 33,6 6,6 25,0
85,9 68,6 17,3 23,0 40,3 56,5 37,0 11,5 61,3 35,3 16,7 26,9 14,2 17,5 2,8 62,7 19,3 75,6
125,9 93,5 32,4 25,6 45,4 69,7 42,5 11,9 64,3 41,6 23,6 32,8 16,2 15,3 1,5 74,9 20,6 78,1
135,1 96,3 38,8 36,6 59,0 77,8 61,9 9,8 57,4 41,3 28,7 42,7 20,7 18,0 3,0 83,8 22,4 89,1
925,7 1050,9 1183,9
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Import of Plastic Raw Materials as Percentage of Produced Volume 2002-2007 74.0
70.8
70.0
70.3
70.0 63.2
% 66.0 . 62.0
60.5
59.3
58.0 54.0 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Average Price of Plastic Raw Material Import 2002 - 2007 (USD/t)
2500
2100
2000 1511 1500
1651
1809
1316 1076
1000 500 0 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 13 of 33
Production, Export, Import and Processing of Plastic Raw Materials in 2007 Plastic
Production
Export
Import
Processing
000 t Polyethylene (PE)
501,0
432,0
103,6
172,6
Polypropylene (PP)
278,9
204,3
86,3
160,9
PVC
356,3
303,0
42,4
95,7
Polystyrole
103,3
85,1
64,2
82,4
ABS, SAN, etc.
1,3
12,0
10,7
Polyacrylate
4,0
27,3
23,3
Polycarbonate
0,7
16,1
15,4
Polyacetale
0,4
3,7
3,3
PET
0,1
35,4
35,3
Polyester
4,2
10,3
6,1
40,0
14,5
59,9
85,4
4,0
0,4
3,5
7,1
227,3
217,3
31,3
41,3
0,3
12,0
11,7
18,2
22,8
55,8
51,2
1529,0
1290,4
563,8
802,4
Phenol and Other Resin Epoxy Resin PUR Raw Material Poly(vinyl-acetate) Other Plastic Total
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III.3. Plastic Processing The processing of plastic raw materials dropped 2.2% to 802,400 tons in 2007, from 820,100 tons in 2006. The processing of commercial plastics decreased, while the weight of engineering plastics grew, due to the increase in automotive parts production. The overall decrease is a result of the general slowdown of domestic economy, especially that of the construction sector, which contracted by 14.1 percent in 2007. Processing of Plastic Raw Materials 2002 - 2007 Plastic
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
000 t Polyethylene (PE)
194,7
179,2
179,9
190,5
190,1
172,6
Polypropylene (PP)
144,4
138,8
131,9
185,9
158,1
160,9
PVC
107,4
95,5
118,8
85,6
105,2
95,7
Polystyrole
74,0
78,2
77,5
70,8
82,9
82,4
ABS, SAN, etc.
12,1
14,4
11,3
9,7
9,6
10,7
Polyacrylate
10,6
12,4
10,9
12,9
17,7
23,3
Polycarbonate
7,4
8,9
9,9
8,1
10,3
15,4
Polyacetale
2,2
2,8
2,9
3,1
3,3
3,3
34,0
47,1
46,7
40,3
40,7
35,3
5,7
6,3
8,4
8,4
10,2
6,1
65,5
80,6
88,7
71,2
80,7
85,4
7,8
9,0
7,9
7,9
7,3
7,1
PUR Raw Material
36,6
35,3
31,5
30,1
35,3
41,3
Poly(vinyl-acetate)
8,9
9,2
10,4
12,6
11,8
11,7
67,3
60,5
77,5
63,8
56,9
51,2
778,6
778,2
814,2
800,9
820,1
802,4
PET Polyester Resin Phenol and Other Resin Epoxy Resin
Other Plastic Total
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Foreign Trade of Plastic Products Exports of plastic products showed a steady increase, with packaging materials, foil and plate as the most significant product groups. Export Volume of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product 2002 2003 2004 000 t 11,1 12,4 14,2 Pipe 14,8 17,8 25,7 Floor and Plaster 0,8 0,9 2,5 Self-Adherent Foil 62,9 58,8 73,9 Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
2005
2006
2007
15,0 30,9 3,2 72,9
18,1 31,7 4,8 74,7
20,1 31,2 4,6 71,2
9,0
11,6
11,5
13,1
18,6
20,0
6,8 0,7 53,0 17,5 8,4 22,5 7,7 0,1 3,5 218,9
6,8 0,5 60,8 16,8 8,6 29,0 9,2 0,4 3,2 237,0
7,8 0,6 69,0 14,2 11,1 32,1 10,9 0,3 3,1 276,9
8,7 0,6 73,5 14,7 14,0 37,1 10,7 0,3 4,0 298,7
11,5 0,7 83,1 15,2 16,2 42,0 12,4 0,4 6,8 336,1
12,7 0,5 81,4 15,5 19,7 57,0 13,6 0,4 7,4 355,2
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 16 of 33
Export Value of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product 2002 2003 2004 2005 million USD 23,8 30,2 39,0 49,7 Pipe 24,6 34,6 45,8 54,1 Floor and Plaster 6,3 13,8 23,7 22,2 Self-Adherent Foil 100,9 105,5 140,5 160,9 Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
40,4
58,9
79,9
22,0 3,7 119,7 37,5 21,3 120,6 16,5 1,0 1,3 521,6
26,0 2,8 168,4 42,9 24,9 190,8 21,7 3,2 3,2 697,2
30,6 3,3 213,0 41,4 34,5 244,8 27,7 3,0 1,0 881,4
37,2 3,9 241,3 49,0 53,1 337,2 31,1 3,7 1,5 1085,3
48,0 3,9 281,4 49,6 67,2 412,7 36,3 6,3 2,1 1315,3
61,6 3,2 316,9 59,3 92,8 434,3 42,1 5,8 2,8 1487,1
4187
3633
4000 2942
3183
2383
2500 2000 1500 1000 2003
78,1 78,4 33,3 198,7
33,0
3913
2002
78,1 69,5 30,6 170,5
31,3
USD/t . 4500
3000
2007
22,5
Average Export Price of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007
3500
2006
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 17 of 33
Like the exports, imports have also increased steadily. In 2007, the biggest growth in imports was in packaging material. This is largely due to the increasing import of packaged goods like soft drinks in PET bottles, food, etc. Import Volume of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2006
000 t
Pipe Floor and Plaster Self-Adherent Foil Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
19,6 4,2 7,4 42,7
19,8 4,4 8,0 48,6
21,4 3,7 9,5 52,6
25,2 3,8 9,9 60,3
25,6 3,7 13,8 71,5
24,3 4,0 18,6 70,8
8,7
10,5
11,7
11,8
13,7
14,3
20,3 4,3 62,9 10,5 7,3 44,5 14,1 1,0 2,0 249,6
22,9 5,2 64,4 11,0 9,4 50,0 18,1 0,9 1,7 275,1
21,5 5,6 63,7 11,0 10,0 54,1 17,6 0,7 1,4 284,7
21,2 6,5 60,0 13,1 12,7 58,4 20,0 0,7 1,9 305,6
29,9 7,3 64,7 13,8 16,6 65,5 25,5 0,7 1,2 353,4
30,4 6,4 76,0 13,3 18,5 79,3 24,6 0,7 1,5 382,6
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 18 of 33
Import Value of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product 2002 2003 2004 2005 million USD 93,1 122,4 131,5 142,9 Pipe 7,9 9,4 8,3 9,3 Floor and Plaster 48,6 61,6 72,3 93,8 Self-Adherent Foil 108,7 145,3 163,2 192,6 Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
2006
2007
153,9 9,0 123,3 227,1
184,7 10,3 195,7 253,2
29,3
39,8
43,3
42,5
49,8
61,4
71,0 22,8 152,0 29,9 27,2 387,0 36,9 10,2 0,7 1025,4
98,7 30,6 187,8 38,7 40,6 497,8 52,5 11,4 0,7 1337,3
85,8 31,7 195,7 41,5 45,7 577,7 59,5 9,9 0,6 1466,7
94,3 30,8 204,8 49,3 58,2 555,6 63,5 8,9 1,2 1547,7
113,2 33,3 210,5 52,4 70,1 614,6 74,8 10,0 0,6 1742,8
133,3 35,4 261,3 59,5 91,1 814,5 76,5 9,5 1,3 2187,6
Average Import Price of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 USD/t . 6000
5718 5152
5500
5064
4861
4932
5000 4500
4108
4000 3500 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 19 of 33
Plastic Processing Plastics processing has shown steady growth, with foil manufacturing and die-casting accounting for the biggest volumes. Foil is mainly used for packaging, in the construction industry and in agriculture. The biggest customer for die-cast products is the automotive industry, followed by consumer goods (household, sports ware, toys, furniture, etc). Production of Plastic Products 2003 – 2007 / kt Products 2003 2004 Foil 155 167 Die-Cast Products 136 135 Pipe 56 59 Bottle, Barrel, Can 57 55 Foam 45 46 Cable and Wire Coating 26 26 Plate 30 30 Profile 21 22 Floor 21 29 Other 73 100 Total 620 670
2005 161 151 55 53 49 26 35 20 27 83 660
2006 160 148 55 59 63 33 42 17 30 85 690
2007 163 176 57 68 74 38 42 21 32 64 735
Among the areas of application, packaging and construction are the two most significant. Production of Plastic Products in Hungary in 2007
Household Ware 7,6 %
Sports, toys 1%
Other 8,1% Packaging 39,1%
Agriculture 3% Furniture 3,6 % Automotive 4,6 %
Electronics 10,5 %
Construction 22,5 %
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 20 of 33
Additives, Stabilizers, Foaming Agents Some of the most significant international additives producers are present in Hungary: Plasticolor (Swedish), A. Schulman (German), PolyOne (American), Holland Colours (Dutch), Gabriel Chemie (German) and Columbian (American). Columbian has just completed an investment of US$40 million, which increased plant capacity by 50% to 100,000 tons of carbon black. Stabilizers and foaming agents are not produced in Hungary. Composites No composite raw materials are manufactured in Hungary. There are three to four companies where 1000-1500t of resin/year are produced or modified for very specific usage areas. The most commonly used matrix material, unsaturated polyester resin, is imported. According to the Statistical Office, in the period 2003 – 2007, the import of resin declined in 2005, but since then has grown. The only reinforcement material produced in Hungary is carbon fiber, manufactured by Zoltek Ltd. No statistical data are available for the reinforcement materials, but according to producers and distributors, the volume of glass structures (fibers, balls) used is growing. Several producers use carbon structures or other materials for reinforcement, such as aramid or aramidbazalt. Thermoplastic materials also are reinforced with glass fiber, talc, carbon fiber or vegetable fiber. INNO-COMP Ltd. in Tiszaújváros has a 40,000 tons PP compounding capacity. The production of wood-plastic-composites is still in an experimental phase in Hungary as there has been no significant demand yet. In terms of production technology, although around 50% is still manual lamination, modern technologies have also appeared: several producers already use VARTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding) and RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) technologies, which enable them to produce more consistent quality. SMC/BMC technology (25%) and fiber spray technology (6%) are also widely used in Hungary. SMC/BMC production was 5000t in 2007, 40% up versus 3500t in 2005. The composites produced are used for sanitary goods, vehicles, sports goods and in other specific areas. Boats, buses and ultra-light small airplanes are also manufactured in Hungary. Bioderived Polymers Bio-Related Polymers: The production of bio-related polymers has not started in Hungary yet. Biologically Degradable Polymers: A 20,000-ton capacity PLA plant is being built in Balatonfűzfő by HUNEST BIOREFINERY Plc. Production is expected to start in Q1 2012. III.4. Process Equipment Local process equipment production is insignificant. Some machine parts and die-cast equipment are manufactured by small, Hungarian companies. The market is dominated by German
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 21 of 33
manufacturers: about 80% of the machines come from Germany, and the rest of the market is largely made up of Italian and increasingly Taiwanese machinery. The following table shows the size and age of the machinery in the industry, based on the data of Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. Experts estimate, that there are somewhat more machines in the country than shown in the table: altogether roughly 4,500 die-cast machines and 1,200 extruders. Die-Cast Machines (2007) 5001000 Type of Plastic 2326 468 50 41 Age
Power (g)
5000
Total
%
514 3
80
3388 94
97,3 2,7
148 131 180 58 517 14,8
13 10 35 22 80 2,3
1243 804 1103 332 3482 100,0
35,7 23,1 31,7 9,5 100,0
Extruder Machines (2007) Screw Diameter (mm) Foil and plate Pipe and profile Bottle, Barrel, Can Granulates Other Total Acquired before 1995 1996-2000 2001-2006 In 2007 Total %
< 40
40-79
80-99
>100
Total
%
39 35 33 11 22 140
225 173 143 13 54 608
52 52 18 17 21 160
65 21 13 14 54 167
381 281 207 55 151 1075
35,4 26,1 19,3 5,1 14,1 100,0
63
333
102
91
589
54,8
38 36 3 140 13,0
108 149 18 608 56,6
26 26 6 160 14,9
29 39 8 167 15,5
201 250 35 1075 100,0
18,7 23,3 3,2 100,0
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 22 of 33
IV. Major Plastic Companies in Hungary IV.1. Raw Material Production Companies There are three major raw material producers in Hungary: TVK, Borsodchem and Dunastyr. Major Products
Tiszaújváros
2006 Total Sales (000 USD)* 1,468,524
Borsodchem
Kazincbarcika
912,978
PVC, isocyonate
Dunastyr
Százhalombatta
175,935
Polystyrene: HIPS, EPS
Company Name
Location
TVK (MOL Group)
Integrated production company; makes ethylene and propylene from naphtha and gas oil, which are processed to produce low-, medium- and high-density polyethylene and polypropylene
*Source: Dun & Bradstreet, 1USD = 210.51 HUF
Contact details of the companies: Company Name TVK (MOL Group) Borsodchem Dunastyr
Contact Name
Address H-3581 Tiszaújváros Mr. Tivadar VÁLYI NAGY Pf: 20 H-3700 Kazincbarcika Mr. László SZENTMIKOSSY Bolyai tér 1. H-2443 Százhalombatta Pf. 10. Mr. Károly HONVÁRI
Telephone
Fax
E-Mail
+36-49-522-222
+36-49-521-322
[email protected]
+36-48-511-211
+36-48-511-511
[email protected]
+36-23-553-353
+36-23-354-009
[email protected]
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 23 of 33
IV.2. Plastic Processing Companies There are approximately 500 plastics processing companies in Hungary, including one-man enterprises. Out of these, 300 can be considered significant, processing over 25 tons raw material a year. The 2007 data on processing are based on a survey conducted by the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. Plastic Processing Companies by Size: Company Size Production / year >10000 t 5000-10000 t 2000-5000 t > 2000 t Total 1000-2000 t 500-1000 t > 500 t Total 10.000 t Radici Film Hungary Graboplast Prysmian ALPLA Plastic Packaging Wavin Pannunion Packaging Material Elektrolux Lehel PIPILIFE Hungaria BC ONGROPACK BERICAP ALCOA-Köfém Kft CSI Division Nordenia Hungary
95,167 90,361 N.A. 44,417 50,223 35,192 965,797 36,969 35,751 48,016 N.A. 43,842
TETRA PAK Packaging Material Producer RESILUX Hungaria ROTAPACK Packaging Technology BC-Ablakprofil (BC-Window Profile) Vitafoam Hungary EUROFOAM Hungary
111,745 26,115 23,704 27,388 18,740 33,193
foil PVC floor cables plastic bottle and cap pipes PVC, PS extrusion refrigerator parts pipes foil plastic cap plastic cap foil paper – AL-PE combined packaging material PET pre-form foil PVC profile PUR foam PUR foam
N.A. N.A. 13,843 21,576 19,492 35,498 47,266 16,388 21,821 N.A. 10,996 18,940 29,994 N.A.
packaging material houseware television parts insulated panels geotextiles insulated panels cable foil pipes, packaging material secondary carpet backing houseware, furniture packaging material plastic film and membrane houseware
5.000 - 10.000 t Coca-Cola Beverage Curver Dunainjection Dow Hungary Geo-Tipptex Kingspan LKH Leoni Miniplaszt Partium '70 Propex Fabrics Hungary Star-Plus TiszaTextil Tredegar Film Products Wolf Plastics
*List from the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry ** Source: Dun & Bradstreet, only 2006 data are available, as some companies have not submitted their 2007 balance to the Company Registry yet Conversion rate used: Hungarian National Bank 2006 average rate: 1 USD = 210.51 HUF
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 25 of 33
Contact details of the 35 biggest companies: Company Name > 10.000 t
Contact Name
Address
Radici Film Hungary
Mr. Antal BAZSÓ
H-3581 Tiszaújváros Pf. 259
+36-49-888-401
+36-49-521-286
[email protected]
Graboplast
Mr. Miklós PATKÓS
H-9023 Győr Fehérvári u. 16/b
+36-96-506-178
+36-96-506-196
[email protected]
Prysmian
Ms. Katalin KECSKÉSNÉ SZAKÁCS
H-1116 Budapest Barázda u. 38.
+36-1-382-2328
+36-1-382-2272
[email protected] m
ALPLA Plastic Packaging
Mr. Gyula VEISZ
H-2801 Tatabánya Pf. 1363
+36-34-512-570
+36-34-512-590
[email protected]
Wavin
Ms. Piroska SOMOGYI
H-2072 Zsámbék, Pf. 44.
+36-23-566-000
+36-23-566-001
[email protected]
Pannunion Packaging Material
Mr. Balázs SZABÓ
H-9700 Szombathely Puskás T. u. 6.
+36-94-522-501
+36-94-522-502
[email protected]
Mr. Károly NAGY
H-5100 Jászberény Fémnyomó út 1.
+36-30-466 9047
+36-57-416 209
[email protected]
PIPILIFE Hungaria
Alexander LEUTNER Ms. Andrea SZILÁGYI
H-4031 Debrecen Kishegyesi út 263
+36-52-510-703
+36-52-510-701
[email protected]
BC ONGROPACK
Mr. Gyula SZABÓ
H -3704 Kazincbarcika Pf. 441
+36-48-510-130
+36-48-310-005
[email protected]
BERICAP
Dr. Papp Dénes PAPP Mr. László VAJDA
H-8008 Székesfehérvár Pf. 43.
+36-22-887-500
+36-22-887-501
[email protected]
ALCOA-Köfém Kft CSI Division
Mr. Ákos IMHOF
H-8002 Székesfehérvár Berényi u. 72-100.
+36-22-512-320
+36-22-512-350
Nordenia Hungary
Michael HEIKENFELD Mr. Csaba VECSERNYÉS
H-2111 Szada Vasút u. 13.
+36-28-502-502
+36-28-502-555
[email protected] om
TETRA PAK Packaging Material Producer
Mr. István TÓTH
H-2041 Budaörs, Gyártelep Pf. 200
+36-23-885-227
+36-23-418-010
[email protected]
RESILUX Hungaria
Ms. Judit HIFNER Mr. Viktor KOZMA
H-1062 Budapest, Aradi út 8-10
+36-1-373-0476
+36-1-302-0189
[email protected]
ROTAPACK Packaging Technology
Mr. Tamás RÓTA
H-6728 Szeged Dorozsmai u. 35.
+36-62-553-280
+36-62-553-289
[email protected]
BC-Ablakprofil (BC-Window Profile)
Mr. Márton DÖBRÖCZÖNI
H-3704 Kazincbarcika, Pf. 434
+36-48-320-322
+36-48-320-322
[email protected]
Vitafoam Hungary
Mr. Gábor VENCZEL
H-7030 Paks hrsz. 8806/2
+36-75-510-128
+36-75-510-129
[email protected]
EUROFOAM Hungary
Mr. György FELFÖLDI
H-3792 Sajóbábony Pf. 16.
+36-46-549-050
+36-46-549-240
Elektrolux Lehel
Telephone
Fax
E-Mail
[email protected]
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 26 of 33 Company Name 5.000 - 10.000 t
Contact Name
Address
Telephone
Fax
E-Mail
Coca-Cola Beverage
Mr. Csaba SOÓS Mr. Tibor PATYI
H-2330 Dunaharaszti Némedi út 104.
+36-24-500-387
+36-24-201-266
[email protected]
Curver
Mr. József MARI
H-4211 Ebes Zsongvölgy u.2.
+36-52-565-909
+36-52-565-990
[email protected]
Dunainjection
Mr. Pascal DORE Mr. Attila SZABÓ BAKOS
H-8002 Székesfehérvár Pf. 353
+36-22-510-900
+36-22-332-910
[email protected]
Dow Hungary
Mr. József CSONKA
H-1036 Budapest Lajos u. 48-66
+ 36-88-596-106
+ 36-88-596-105
Geo-Tipptex
Mr. Jenő ORBÁN
H-3581 Tiszaújváros Pf. 133
+36-49-540-190
+36-49-540-191
[email protected]
Kingspan
Mr. Gábor TÓVÁRI-NAGY
H-2367 Újhartyán Horka dűlő 1.
+36-29-573-400
+36-29-573-410
[email protected]
LKH Leoni
Mr. Gyula JÓZSA
H - 3000 Hatvan Kölcsey u. 53.
+36-37-544-405
+36-37-544-401
[email protected]
Miniplaszt
Mr. László SZOKOLAI
H-5465 Cserkeszőlő Május 1 u. 53.
+36-56-568-410
+36-56-568-411
[email protected]
Partium '70
Mr. János OROSZ Mr. Sándor GYŐRI
H -4024 Debrecen, Blaháné u.2.
+36-52-415-466
+36-52-410-730
[email protected]
Propex Fabrics Hungary
Mr. Friedel J. HESSUNG
H - 9027 Győr Gesztenyefa 2.
+36-96-502-124
+36-96-430-183
Star-Plus
Mr. György TÓTH
H -3561 Felsőzsolca Arnóti út 4.
+36-46-584-060
+36-46-584-070
[email protected]
TiszaTextil
Mr. Hans Peter GERBER
H -3581 Tiszaújváros Pf. 173.
+36-49-521-077
+36-49-521-488
[email protected]
Tredegar Film Products
Mr. Miklós BALOGH
H- 2651 Rétság Ipari út 2.
+36-35-550-509
+36-35-550-516
[email protected]
Wolf Plastics
Mr. László ANDRÉ
H - 9444 Fertőszentmiklós Soproni út 49
+36-99-544-610
+36-99-544-620
[email protected]
[email protected] m
IV.3. Start-Up Activity There are two major start-up investments in the industry: - HUNEST BIOREFINERY Plc. builds a PLA plant in Balatonfuzfo, in north-western Hungary. Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as biodegradable plastic. The plant is expected to start operating in 2012, with a capacity to produce 20,000 tons of PLA a year from 100,000 tons of wheat. Total costs are estimated at USD 232 million (HUF 40bn) and are expected to be recovered in an eight-year period. The investment is to be carried out from European Union and local subsidies and investors' funds. -
U.S. medical supplies company Becton Dickinson has started the construction of a USD 146m disposable syringe plant in Tatabanya.
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 27 of 33
IV.4. Association The Hungarian plastic producers and converters are organized in the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. The Association operates within the framework of the Association of the Hungarian Chemical Industry. Contact: Mrs. Lajosne Buzási Address: H-1036 Budapest, Bécsi út 85. Tel: +36-1-460-9504 Fax: +36-1-460-9505 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.huplast.hu
V. Academic and Research Institutions Expertise and innovation in all aspects of polymer research is concentrated at the universities. The single most significant centre of expertise is the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, where three departments are actively involved in R&D projects related to the plastics industry. Since the universities need to generate revenues, commission work from the industry is welcome and the institutions listed below also have extensive experience in working with private partners. 1. Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Physical Chemistry and Material Science, Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology (MGT) Contact: Prof. Dr. Béla Pukánszky Address: 1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3. H. bldg. I. Phone: +36 1 463 4076 Fax: +36 1 463 3474 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.mua.bme.hu The Department of Applied Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Institute of Chemistry of Hungarian Academy of Sciences forms an integral part of MGT, working as a single professional unit. The Department carries out extensive basic and applied research. They have vast experience in working with industry partners, such as TVK, Clariant or Ciba and also with small and medium sized enterprises of the plastics industry. The main areas of expertise are: -Heterogeneous polymer systems - composites -Degradation and stabilization of polymers -Morphology of polymers -Bio-related materials
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 28 of 33
2. Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering Contact: Prof. Dr. Tibor Czigány Address: 1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3., T. bldg. III. Tel: +36-1-463-2003 Fax: +36-1-463-1527 Email: [email protected] Web: www.pt.bme.hu This Department focuses on the engineering aspects of the plastics and has extensive industry relations. They work with companies such as Arburg, Varinex, Wittmann, Bayer, Zoltek, etc. The Department has the only Mold-Flow Simulation Program and the biggest prototypeproducing machine (60 x 50 x 40 cm) in Hungary. The main focus areas of the Department are: - Polymer Composites e.g.: basalt fiber reinforced or self-reinforced composites - Injection Molding - Fibrous Materials. - The Department has a NAT (National Accrediting Committee) accredited laboratory equipped with up-to-date technological machines and measuring devices 3. Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Technology of Biomedical and Composite Materials Research Group Contact: Prof. György Marosi Address: 1111 Budapest, Budafoki út 8. F II. mfsz Tel: +36 1 463 3654 Fax: +36 1 463 1150 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://oct.bme.hu/obrt The Department has extensive experience in industry and EU projects. The main areas of the research work are as follows: -Synthesis of new additives: reactive surfactants, fire retardants, intermediers -Development of surface and thermal analytical methods - Modification of surfaces and interfaces in multicomponent systems - Nanocomposites and fire retardancy - Composites reinforced with mineral fibers and fillers -Composites reinforced with natural fibers, recycling - Recyclable cable coatings - Pharmaceuticals of controlled release and multilayer packaging materials
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 29 of 33
4. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Chemical Research Center, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Department of Polymer Chemistry and Material Science Contact: Béla Iván, PhD, DSc, Department Head Address: H-1525 Budapest , Pusztaszeri u. 59-67, P. O. Box 17 Tel: +36-1-325 9033 Fax: +36-1-325 7898 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.chemres.hu/aki/polychem The Department has a long history of successful contracts and cooperation with industry partners such as Shell, General Electric, BASF or Clariant. Areas of expertise are: - Amphiphilic Conetworks - Polymer Synthesis - Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) 5. University of Debrecen, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry Contact: Dr. Miklós Zsuga Address: Debrecen, P.O.B. 1., 4010 Tel: + 36 52- 512-900 Fax: + 36 52) 348-173 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.chem.science.unideb.hu This is probably the most prestigious institute of polymer research outside Budapest. Research areas: - Living Cationic Polymerization - Polyurethanes - Ring-Opening Polymerization - The only institute in Hungary equipped to do MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight) mass spectroscopy
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 30 of 33
6. Kecskemet College Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Institute of Metal and Polymer Processing Technology Contact: Deputy Dean: Prof. Dr. Károly Belina Address: 6000 Kecskemet, Izsáki út 10. Tel: + 36- 76 516 301 Fax: + 36- 76 516 399 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.gamf.hu The strength of the department is polymer processing and their excellent relations with the companies in the area. 7. University of Miskolc, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering Contact: Dr. Marossy Kálmán Address: Miskolci Egyetem, 3515 Miskolc-Egyetemváros Tel: +36- 46 565-102, +36 46 565-111 / 15-16 Fax: +36- 46 365-924 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.polymer.uni-miskolc.hu The focus is on applied research, especially big experience with PVC . The department has strong ties to BorsodChem, which is located nearby. 8. University of Pannonia, Department of Chemical Engineering Contact: Dr. László Bartha Address: 8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Tel: +36-88- 624-743 e-mail: [email protected] Web: www.felviweb.uni-pannon.hu The staff has strong background in petrol chemistry. The focus of the research is on petrolderived additives. They also do some work with composites.
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 31 of 33
9. University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry Contact: Prof. Dr. Imre Kiricsi Address: 6720 Szeged, Aradi Vértanúk tere 1. Mailing Address: : 6701 Szeged, Pf. 428 Tel: +36-62-54-4478 Fax: +36 -62- 426-221 E-mail: kiricsi-at-chem.u-szeged.hu Web: http://www.sci.u-szeged.hu/appchem The most important research project running is carbon nanotubes. 10. University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics Department of Colloid Chemistry, Nanostructured Materials Research Group of Hungarian Academy of Sciences Contact: Prof. Dr. Imre Dékány Address: H-6720 Szeged , Aradi vértanúk tere 1. Tel: +36-62-544-209, +36-62-544-210 Fax: +36-62-544-042 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://koll1.chem.u-szeged.hu/colloids Research areas: soil colloids, nanocomposites, catalysers. Focus is mainly on pharmaceutical applications. 11. Bay Zoltan Foundation for Applied Research Address: H-1116 Budapest, Fehérvári út 130. Tel: +36 1 463 0500 Fax: +36 0 463 0529 E-mail: [email protected] The Foundation, established in 1992 by the National Committee for Technological Development, operates as a non-profit organization and its research and development activity is carried out in the institutes that it has established and owns. -
Institute for Materials Science and Technology (BAY-ATI) : laser technology, metal technology, polymer and composite technologies, sensor and instrument development.
-
Institute for Biotechnology (BAY-BIO): molecular biotechnology, biotransformation, bioremediation technologies
-
Institute of Logistics and Production Engineering (BAY-LOGI): logistics, applied information technology, structural integrity, recycling, environmental protection, production systems
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 32 of 33
-
Institute for intelligence
Applied
Telecommunication
Technologies
(BAY-IKTI):
ambient
-
Institute for Nanotechnology (BAY-NANO): nano-composites, nano-deformation, nanodispersion, nano-medicine, nano-metrology.
-
Institute for Plant Genomics, Human Biotechnology and Bioenergy (BAY-GEN): bridging plant and animal systems, human therapeutic strategies, bioenergy production
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 33 of 33
Sources Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry: personal interviews and provided data and background materials Country Commercial Guide 2008 Hungary A.M. - Monday, November 10, 2008 Hungary A.M. - Monday, November 17, 2008 Hungary A.M. - Tuesday, January 13, 2009 KSH (Hungarian Statistical Office) Prof. Dr. Tibor Czigány: December 1, 2008, personal interview, and in provided background materials Prof. Dr. Béla Pukánszky: December 1, 2008, personal interview, and in provided background materials
CUSTOMIZED MARKET RESEARCH for Cleveland Hungarian Development Panel
U.S. Commercial Service Budapest, Hungary 1054 Budapest, Szabadság tér 7-9. Tel#: (36-1) 475-4090 Fax#: (36-1) 475-4676 www.buyusa.gov/hungary
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 2 of 33
CONTENTS I. Executive Summary II. General Outlook and the Economy III. The Plastics Industry in Hungary III.1. Economic Background III.2. Raw Materials III.3. Plastic Processing III.4. Process Equipment IV. Major Plastic Companies in Hungary IV.1. Raw Material Production Companies IV.2. Plastic Processing Companies IV.3. Start-Up Activity IV.4. Association V. Academic and Research Institutions
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 3 of 33
I. Executive Summary The polymer industry accounts for six percent of Hungary’s total industrial production. Plastic raw material production is traditionally the strongest branch of the Hungarian chemical industry, which was strengthened by heavy investment in the past decade. Plastics processing stumbled in the early ‘90s, but the trend reversed and has grown steadily since 1993. Per capita plastic consumption in Hungary is relatively high: 80 kg/year. Local process equipment production is insignificant. Innovation can be tied to the universities. They are open to and are experienced in handling commission work. II. General Outlook and the Economy Hungary is a Central European country of 10 million people. Since the fall of communism in 1989, it has almost fully transitioned to a market-based economy. Hungary joined the OECD in 1996, NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004. Per capita income is nearly two-thirds that of the EU-25 average and total nominal GDP is US$133 billion. The private sector accounts for more than 80 percent of GDP. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has helped modernize industries, create jobs, boost exports and spur economic growth. Cumulative FDI stock has totaled more than US$90 billion since 1989, the highest in the region on a per capita basis. Among the important sectors are automotive, IT, logistics and, more recently, shared services (e.g., back office and/or call center operations). Currently, foreign firms control two-thirds of manufacturing, 90% of telecommunications, and 60% of the energy sector. EU funding has also driven growth, and will continue to do so. Since 2004, EU funds have been used to improve telecommunications, energy and highway infrastructure. As part of a second National Development Plan (2007-2013), Hungary will allocate approximately €25 billion (USD 36.8 billion) in projects ranging from tourism and transportation to healthcare and environment. The Hungarian government introduced austerity measures in 2006 to reduce the budget deficit, which economists believe helped to slow GDP growth from 3.9 percent in 2006 to 1.7 percent in 2007. Going forward, the global financial crisis and radically altered global environment have changed the outlook for Hungary. While the budget deficit will be cut by more than was previously expected, a full-blown recession is projected instead of economic growth. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) granted a 17-month €12.3 billion stand-by loan for Hungary in November 2008, which reduced financial stress in the country, but the economy still stumbled in the third quarter 2008. Annual growth slowed to 0.8% from 2.0% growth in the second quarter. The performance of the manufacturing and construction industries, which account for about a third of the GDP, pulled down the figures. Export growth has been hit by falling demand in Western Europe while domestic consumption has dropped on public sector spending cuts, falling real wages and a slowdown in bank lending due to the credit crunch.
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 4 of 33
A new forecast from economic think-tank GKI, prepared in cooperation with Erste Bank, expects Hungary's GDP to contract by 2.5% in 2009. The GKI-Erste Bank forecast attributed the expected contraction to a natural decline in agricultural output after a sharp increase last year and a deepening of the recession that started to hit several domestic business sectors last year. The researchers predicted that industrial output would drop by 3% in 2009, with a possibility of a rebound only in the fourth quarter of the year. Construction-sector output would also likely drop by 3% this year as a result of a decrease in government, business and retail investments. The forecast noted that decreasing demand would sharpen competition on Hungarian markets in 2009. Investments are expected to fall by 3% this year. The country's exports are likely to stagnate and imports are expected to decline by 2% in 2009. The forecast said that it is almost certain that Hungary's general government deficit will fall well below the 3% stipulated in the Maastricht Criteria. Strict monitoring of the Hungary's agreement with the IMF will also serve to ensure that Hungary's general government deficit will meet the 2.6% target.
III. The Plastics Industry in Hungary Note: All data in this section were supplied to us by the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. III.1. Economic Background The demand for plastic and plastic products is mostly a derivative one: the industry's prospects are closely tied to general economic trends, industrial investment and to the consumption of the population. The downturn in the key customer sectors of plastics - such construction, automotive, machinery and equipment - are consequently expected to impact the plastics industry. The average per capita plastic consumption in Hungary is 80 kg. This is a relatively high number compared to 100 kg/capita/year in Western Europe, 23 kg/capita/year in Eastern Europe and 55 kg/capita/year in the Central-European region. The growth rate of the plastics industry exceeds Hungary’s total industrial growth rate. Between 2003 and 2007, there was a significant capacity increase in raw material production, however, in recent years processing has grown faster. The growth of plastic processing stopped in 1990 as a result of the economic situation around the change of regime, but the trend reversed from 1992, only to decline again in 2007, to 802,400 tons. Hungarian plastics industry within total industry and chemical industry 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2007/2003 2007/2006 Sector % % Sales in billion HUF Industry 13822 15539 16427 19177 20624 149,2 107,5 Chemical Industry 1850 2182 2683 3193 3375 182,4 105,7 Plastics Industry 627 694 853 1038 1182 188,5 113,9 Plastic Raw 259 312 429 536 607 234,4 113,2 Material Plastic processing 368 382 424 502 575 156,3 114,5 Source: KSH (Hungarian Statistical Office)
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 5 of 33
Production and processing of plastic raw materials 1970- 2007 Year Production Processing Year Production Processing thousand tons thousand tons 1970 56 133 1990 615 374 1971 82 146 1991 657 342 1972 99 159 1992 696 314 1973 109 183 1993 694 352 1974 112 210 1994 731 390 1975 118 222 1995 742 388 1976 137 252 1996 699 417 1977 145 272 1997 813 523 1978 209 305 1998 836 533 1979 291 329 1999 822 585 1980 318 342 2000 1004 675 1981 314 365 2001 1049 711 1982 326 379 2002 1139 779 1983 345 397 2003 1148 778 1984 385 430 2004 1196 814 1985 389 430 2005 1353 809 1986 426 422 2006 1414 820 1987 545 445 2007 1529 802 1988 590 488 1989 643 487 Production and processing of plastic raw materials 1970- 2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 6 of 33
III.2. Raw Materials The production of plastic raw materials is traditionally the strongest branch of the Hungarian chemical industry. The manufactured volume has been steadily growing since 1970 and reached 1.5 million tons in 2007. Production of Plastic Raw Materials 2003-2007 in kt Plastic
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Kton Polyethylene (PE)
307,4
297,2
303,6
463,4
460,2
501,0
LDPE
113,2
108,8
110,3
112,0
99,3
100,6
HDPE
194,2
188,4
193,3
351,4
360,9
400,4
Polypropylene (PP)
277,1
276,9
283,2
290,0
279,1
278,9
PVC
275,1
267,6
272,1
290,3
311,8
356,3
Polystyrole
98,9
107,3
117,1
103,9
107,0
103,3
HIPS
53,5
64,8
72,0
63,8
67,4
67,1
EPS
45,4
42,5
45,1
40,1
39,6
36,2
Amin Resin
51,0
50,0
48,0
36,0
40,0
40,0
Epoxy Resin
6,1
5,3
4,6
4,5
4,4
4,0
MDI
53,5
58,0
57,6
62,9
112,6
141,9
TDI
50,4
61,1
64,9
73,8
81,9
85,4
Other Plastic
19,5
24,6
44,9
28,2
17,0
18,2
1139,0
1148,0
1196,0
1353,0
1414,0
1529,0
Total
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 7 of 33
Raw Material Export The export of plastic raw materials is a fundamental pillar of the Hungarian plastics industry: 7090% of production is exported. In 2007, export volume grew by 9.8% over 2006, to about 1.29 million tons. The value of exports grew by 28.2% to US$2.16 billion in 2007. The average price of the goods increased by 16.7%: from 1436 US$/t to 1676 US$/t. Plastic Raw Material Export 2002 – 2007 – Volume (Kt) Plastic 2002 2003 2004 Polyethylene (PE) 208,0 211,7 222,9 Polypropylene (PP) 192,4 187,8 204,1 PVC 226,2 231,3 216,0 211,9 213,4 197,0 powder 6,2 9,6 13,7 hard granulate 8,1 8,3 5,3 soft granulate Polystyrole 76,4 91,2 97,3 50,5 57,5 62,2 HIPS 25,9 33,7 35,1 EPS ABS, SAN, etc. 0,6 1,0 1,3 Polyacrylate 0,7 0,5 2,2 Polyamide 1,2 0,7 1,2 Polycarbonate 0,2 0,2 0,5 Polyacetale 0,0 0,0 0,2 PET 1,1 2,3 3,9 Other Polyester 0,1 0,3 0,3 Cellulose-Based 4,4 5,2 6,1 Other Resin 4,7 6,0 9,4 Unsaturated Polyester 0,1 0,2 0,1 Epoxy Resin 0,6 0,8 0,6 Ionchange Resin 0,7 0,7 0,3 PUR Raw Material 96,8 115,6 101,0 Poly(vinyl-acetate) 0,1 0,2 0,2 Other Plastic 7,6 6,1 6,9 Total 821,9 861,8 874,5
2005 380,8 211,4 261,4 244,0 10,0 7,4 87,5 54,5 33,0 1,0 3,1 1,8 0,9 0,2 3,4 0,5 4,5 14,7 0,0 0,3 0,0 131,8 0,2 9,2 1112,7
2006 386,9 203,2 263,6 246,3 9,0 8,3 95,6 63,4 32,2 1,5 4,1 0,9 0,6 0,2 4,8 0,6 0,2 11,7 0,0 0,4 0,1 188,8 0,2 11,5 1174,9
2007 432,0 204,3 303,0 283,6 7,4 12,0 85,1 58,1 27,0 1,3 4,0 0,7 0,4 0,1 4,2 0,2 0,1 14,5 0,4 0,1 217,2 0,3 22,5 1290,4
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 8 of 33
Plastic Raw Material Export 2002 – 2007 – Value (USD million) Plastic
2002
2003
Polyethylene (PE) Polypropylene (PP) PVC powder hard granulate soft granulate Polystyrole HIPS EPS ABS, SAN, etc. Polyacrilate Polyamide Polycarbonate Polyacetale PET
128,6 130,6 133,9 123,8 4,6 5,5 62,8 39,5 23,3 0,7 1,4 1,8 0,7 0,1 0,2
PUR Raw Material Other Polyester Cellulose-Based Other Resin Unsaturated Polyester Epoxy Resin Ionchange Resin PUR Raw Material Poly(vinyl-acetate) Other Plastic Total
2006
2007
159,1 155,2 151,7 138,3 7,7 5,7 91,0 55,0 36,0 1,0 0,7 1,5 1,3 0,1 0,5
2004 2005 USD Million 224,7 431,2 208,0 257,9 195,5 228,8 176,2 211,7 14,6 10,3 4,7 6,8 127,6 122,3 77,2 76,0 50,4 46,3 1,7 1,6 4,8 9,1 2,4 2,9 1,6 2,3 0,2 0,4 1,0 1,2
519,6 279,0 259,0 240,9 10,3 7,8 150,6 95,9 54,7 2,1 14,0 2,4 1,6 0,4 1,9
698,0 325,9 337,9 313,8 10,7 13,4 155,2 104,1 51,1 2,5 18,2 2,6 1,6 0,5 2,0
125,8
182,4
196,0
285,0
419,3
560,2
0,5 4,9 1,5 0,2 1,8 1,8 125,8 0,1 8,3 605,7
1,0 4,8 2,6 0,2 2,8 2,0 182,4 0,3 8,4 766,6
1,2 6,7 4,6 0,2 2,0 0,8 196,0 0,5 12,4 991,9
2,2 4,1 8,1 0,0 1,0 0,1 285,0 0,4 17,5 1376,1
3,0 0,3 12,5 0,0 1,5 0,1 419,3 0,4 19,1 1686,8
1,6 0,4 14,3 1,9 0,2 560,2 0,4 39,3 2162,7
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 9 of 33
Export of Plastic Raw Materials as Percentage of Produced Volume 2002-2007
Average Price of Plastic Raw Material Export 2002 – 2007 (USD/ t )
USD/t 2000
1676
1750
1436
1500
1134
1237
1250 890 1000
737
750 500 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 10 of 33
Plastic Raw Material Import The structure and portfolio of domestic production differs largely from domestic demand. For example no paste PVC or engineering plastic is produced. In 2007, import quantity reduced by 3% in 2006, to 563,800 tons. The ratio of import in processing is significant: in 2007 it was 70.8%. Plastic Raw Material Import 2002 – 2007 - Volume (Kt) Plastic 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 000 tons Polyethylene (PE) 95,3 95,4 99,2 107,9 116,8 103,6 LDPE 55,0 49,3 52,8 60,7 69,2 54,2 HDPE 40,3 46,1 46,4 47,2 47,6 49,4 52,8 Polypropylene (PP) 58,7 54,3 107,3 82,2 86,3 PVC 62,7 58,5 59,2 56,7 56,9 42,4 33,8 33,3 33,7 30,7 27,5 26,9 powder 4,4 4,8 5,4 4,3 4,2 4,6 hard granulate 20,3 21,1 23,6 21,7 25,2 10,9 soft granulate Polystyrole 57,7 52,6 62,1 54,4 71,5 64,2 37,4 46,3 45,3 43,1 54,0 45,2 HIPS 15,2 15,8 12,4 11,3 17,5 19,0 EPS ABS, SAN, etc. 12,7 15,4 12,6 10,7 11,1 12,0 Policrylate 11,3 12,9 13,6 16,0 21,8 27,3 Polyamide 11,4 12,5 11,9 14,4 18,1 19,6 Polycarbonate 7,6 9,1 10,4 9,0 10,9 16,1 Polyacetale 2,2 2,8 3,1 3,3 3,5 3,7 PET 35,1 49,4 50,6 43,7 45,5 35,4 Other Polyester 5,8 6,6 6,9 8,9 10,8 10,3 Cellulose-Based 1,8 2,3 2,5 4,2 4,6 5,0 Other Resin 32,2 32,6 48,2 49,9 52,4 59,9 Unsaturated Polyester 6,7 7,1 6,2 5,7 5,8 6,4 Epoxy Resin 3,6 3,3 3,5 3,7 3,3 3,5 Ionchange Resin 1,0 0,8 0,4 0,7 0,3 0,6 PUR Raw Material 29,5 31,8 20,4 25,2 29,6 31,3 Poly(vinyl-acetate) 9,0 9,4 9,2 12,8 12,0 12,0 Other Plastic 26,5 25,0 20,8 26,1 23,9 24,2 Total
461,5
492,0
492,7
560,6
581,0
563,8
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 11 of 33
Plastic Raw Material Import 2002 – 2007 - Value (USD million) Plastic
2002
2003
Polyethylene (PE)
73,5 41,8 31,7 44,9
87,2 46,4 40,8 53,3
41,6 21,6 4,0 16,0
49,5 24,9 5,1 19,5
66,1 33,2 5,8 27,1
47,4 34,7 12,7 18,8 16,1 27,5 20,4 5,5 33,2 14,9 9,2 13,2 10,8 11,0 2,5 48,0 11,4 46,8
67,2 49,6 17,6 23,7 23,4 38,0 31,6 7,5 53,6 19,8 12,9 16,2 14,0 13,4 2,4 61,0 14,8 58,0
80,4 62,3 18,1 22,6 27,6 44,1 37,7 8,7 66,3 24,5 14,2 23,2 13,5 15,1 1,2 44,8 15,3 61,8
496,7
647,5
744,4
LDPE HDPE
Polypropylene (PP) PVC powder hard granulate soft granulate Polystyrole HIPS EPS ABS, SAN, etc. Policrylate Polyamide Polycarbonate Polyacetale PET Other Polyester Cellulose-Based Other Resin Unsaturated Polyester Epoxy Resin Ionchange Resin PUR Raw Material Poly(vinyl-acetate) Other Plastic Total
2004 2005 USD Million 115,1 146,6 63,4 84,1 51,7 62,5 62,2 126,8
2006
2007
174,2 102,6 71,6 118,0
184,8 98,,0 86,8 147,1
65,8 32,0 4,7 29,1
68,8 29,4 5,5 33,9
65,2 33,6 6,6 25,0
85,9 68,6 17,3 23,0 40,3 56,5 37,0 11,5 61,3 35,3 16,7 26,9 14,2 17,5 2,8 62,7 19,3 75,6
125,9 93,5 32,4 25,6 45,4 69,7 42,5 11,9 64,3 41,6 23,6 32,8 16,2 15,3 1,5 74,9 20,6 78,1
135,1 96,3 38,8 36,6 59,0 77,8 61,9 9,8 57,4 41,3 28,7 42,7 20,7 18,0 3,0 83,8 22,4 89,1
925,7 1050,9 1183,9
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 12 of 33
Import of Plastic Raw Materials as Percentage of Produced Volume 2002-2007 74.0
70.8
70.0
70.3
70.0 63.2
% 66.0 . 62.0
60.5
59.3
58.0 54.0 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Average Price of Plastic Raw Material Import 2002 - 2007 (USD/t)
2500
2100
2000 1511 1500
1651
1809
1316 1076
1000 500 0 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 13 of 33
Production, Export, Import and Processing of Plastic Raw Materials in 2007 Plastic
Production
Export
Import
Processing
000 t Polyethylene (PE)
501,0
432,0
103,6
172,6
Polypropylene (PP)
278,9
204,3
86,3
160,9
PVC
356,3
303,0
42,4
95,7
Polystyrole
103,3
85,1
64,2
82,4
ABS, SAN, etc.
1,3
12,0
10,7
Polyacrylate
4,0
27,3
23,3
Polycarbonate
0,7
16,1
15,4
Polyacetale
0,4
3,7
3,3
PET
0,1
35,4
35,3
Polyester
4,2
10,3
6,1
40,0
14,5
59,9
85,4
4,0
0,4
3,5
7,1
227,3
217,3
31,3
41,3
0,3
12,0
11,7
18,2
22,8
55,8
51,2
1529,0
1290,4
563,8
802,4
Phenol and Other Resin Epoxy Resin PUR Raw Material Poly(vinyl-acetate) Other Plastic Total
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 14 of 33
III.3. Plastic Processing The processing of plastic raw materials dropped 2.2% to 802,400 tons in 2007, from 820,100 tons in 2006. The processing of commercial plastics decreased, while the weight of engineering plastics grew, due to the increase in automotive parts production. The overall decrease is a result of the general slowdown of domestic economy, especially that of the construction sector, which contracted by 14.1 percent in 2007. Processing of Plastic Raw Materials 2002 - 2007 Plastic
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
000 t Polyethylene (PE)
194,7
179,2
179,9
190,5
190,1
172,6
Polypropylene (PP)
144,4
138,8
131,9
185,9
158,1
160,9
PVC
107,4
95,5
118,8
85,6
105,2
95,7
Polystyrole
74,0
78,2
77,5
70,8
82,9
82,4
ABS, SAN, etc.
12,1
14,4
11,3
9,7
9,6
10,7
Polyacrylate
10,6
12,4
10,9
12,9
17,7
23,3
Polycarbonate
7,4
8,9
9,9
8,1
10,3
15,4
Polyacetale
2,2
2,8
2,9
3,1
3,3
3,3
34,0
47,1
46,7
40,3
40,7
35,3
5,7
6,3
8,4
8,4
10,2
6,1
65,5
80,6
88,7
71,2
80,7
85,4
7,8
9,0
7,9
7,9
7,3
7,1
PUR Raw Material
36,6
35,3
31,5
30,1
35,3
41,3
Poly(vinyl-acetate)
8,9
9,2
10,4
12,6
11,8
11,7
67,3
60,5
77,5
63,8
56,9
51,2
778,6
778,2
814,2
800,9
820,1
802,4
PET Polyester Resin Phenol and Other Resin Epoxy Resin
Other Plastic Total
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 15 of 33
Foreign Trade of Plastic Products Exports of plastic products showed a steady increase, with packaging materials, foil and plate as the most significant product groups. Export Volume of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product 2002 2003 2004 000 t 11,1 12,4 14,2 Pipe 14,8 17,8 25,7 Floor and Plaster 0,8 0,9 2,5 Self-Adherent Foil 62,9 58,8 73,9 Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
2005
2006
2007
15,0 30,9 3,2 72,9
18,1 31,7 4,8 74,7
20,1 31,2 4,6 71,2
9,0
11,6
11,5
13,1
18,6
20,0
6,8 0,7 53,0 17,5 8,4 22,5 7,7 0,1 3,5 218,9
6,8 0,5 60,8 16,8 8,6 29,0 9,2 0,4 3,2 237,0
7,8 0,6 69,0 14,2 11,1 32,1 10,9 0,3 3,1 276,9
8,7 0,6 73,5 14,7 14,0 37,1 10,7 0,3 4,0 298,7
11,5 0,7 83,1 15,2 16,2 42,0 12,4 0,4 6,8 336,1
12,7 0,5 81,4 15,5 19,7 57,0 13,6 0,4 7,4 355,2
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 16 of 33
Export Value of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product 2002 2003 2004 2005 million USD 23,8 30,2 39,0 49,7 Pipe 24,6 34,6 45,8 54,1 Floor and Plaster 6,3 13,8 23,7 22,2 Self-Adherent Foil 100,9 105,5 140,5 160,9 Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
40,4
58,9
79,9
22,0 3,7 119,7 37,5 21,3 120,6 16,5 1,0 1,3 521,6
26,0 2,8 168,4 42,9 24,9 190,8 21,7 3,2 3,2 697,2
30,6 3,3 213,0 41,4 34,5 244,8 27,7 3,0 1,0 881,4
37,2 3,9 241,3 49,0 53,1 337,2 31,1 3,7 1,5 1085,3
48,0 3,9 281,4 49,6 67,2 412,7 36,3 6,3 2,1 1315,3
61,6 3,2 316,9 59,3 92,8 434,3 42,1 5,8 2,8 1487,1
4187
3633
4000 2942
3183
2383
2500 2000 1500 1000 2003
78,1 78,4 33,3 198,7
33,0
3913
2002
78,1 69,5 30,6 170,5
31,3
USD/t . 4500
3000
2007
22,5
Average Export Price of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007
3500
2006
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 17 of 33
Like the exports, imports have also increased steadily. In 2007, the biggest growth in imports was in packaging material. This is largely due to the increasing import of packaged goods like soft drinks in PET bottles, food, etc. Import Volume of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2006
000 t
Pipe Floor and Plaster Self-Adherent Foil Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
19,6 4,2 7,4 42,7
19,8 4,4 8,0 48,6
21,4 3,7 9,5 52,6
25,2 3,8 9,9 60,3
25,6 3,7 13,8 71,5
24,3 4,0 18,6 70,8
8,7
10,5
11,7
11,8
13,7
14,3
20,3 4,3 62,9 10,5 7,3 44,5 14,1 1,0 2,0 249,6
22,9 5,2 64,4 11,0 9,4 50,0 18,1 0,9 1,7 275,1
21,5 5,6 63,7 11,0 10,0 54,1 17,6 0,7 1,4 284,7
21,2 6,5 60,0 13,1 12,7 58,4 20,0 0,7 1,9 305,6
29,9 7,3 64,7 13,8 16,6 65,5 25,5 0,7 1,2 353,4
30,4 6,4 76,0 13,3 18,5 79,3 24,6 0,7 1,5 382,6
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 18 of 33
Import Value of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 Product 2002 2003 2004 2005 million USD 93,1 122,4 131,5 142,9 Pipe 7,9 9,4 8,3 9,3 Floor and Plaster 48,6 61,6 72,3 93,8 Self-Adherent Foil 108,7 145,3 163,2 192,6 Foil and Plate Foamed Structure Foil and Plate Other Foil Sanitary Ware Packaging Material Household Ware Construction Ware Other Products Plastic Thread, Profile, etc. Plastic Sausage-Case Plastic Waste Total
2006
2007
153,9 9,0 123,3 227,1
184,7 10,3 195,7 253,2
29,3
39,8
43,3
42,5
49,8
61,4
71,0 22,8 152,0 29,9 27,2 387,0 36,9 10,2 0,7 1025,4
98,7 30,6 187,8 38,7 40,6 497,8 52,5 11,4 0,7 1337,3
85,8 31,7 195,7 41,5 45,7 577,7 59,5 9,9 0,6 1466,7
94,3 30,8 204,8 49,3 58,2 555,6 63,5 8,9 1,2 1547,7
113,2 33,3 210,5 52,4 70,1 614,6 74,8 10,0 0,6 1742,8
133,3 35,4 261,3 59,5 91,1 814,5 76,5 9,5 1,3 2187,6
Average Import Price of Products Made of Plastic 2002 – 2007 USD/t . 6000
5718 5152
5500
5064
4861
4932
5000 4500
4108
4000 3500 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 19 of 33
Plastic Processing Plastics processing has shown steady growth, with foil manufacturing and die-casting accounting for the biggest volumes. Foil is mainly used for packaging, in the construction industry and in agriculture. The biggest customer for die-cast products is the automotive industry, followed by consumer goods (household, sports ware, toys, furniture, etc). Production of Plastic Products 2003 – 2007 / kt Products 2003 2004 Foil 155 167 Die-Cast Products 136 135 Pipe 56 59 Bottle, Barrel, Can 57 55 Foam 45 46 Cable and Wire Coating 26 26 Plate 30 30 Profile 21 22 Floor 21 29 Other 73 100 Total 620 670
2005 161 151 55 53 49 26 35 20 27 83 660
2006 160 148 55 59 63 33 42 17 30 85 690
2007 163 176 57 68 74 38 42 21 32 64 735
Among the areas of application, packaging and construction are the two most significant. Production of Plastic Products in Hungary in 2007
Household Ware 7,6 %
Sports, toys 1%
Other 8,1% Packaging 39,1%
Agriculture 3% Furniture 3,6 % Automotive 4,6 %
Electronics 10,5 %
Construction 22,5 %
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 20 of 33
Additives, Stabilizers, Foaming Agents Some of the most significant international additives producers are present in Hungary: Plasticolor (Swedish), A. Schulman (German), PolyOne (American), Holland Colours (Dutch), Gabriel Chemie (German) and Columbian (American). Columbian has just completed an investment of US$40 million, which increased plant capacity by 50% to 100,000 tons of carbon black. Stabilizers and foaming agents are not produced in Hungary. Composites No composite raw materials are manufactured in Hungary. There are three to four companies where 1000-1500t of resin/year are produced or modified for very specific usage areas. The most commonly used matrix material, unsaturated polyester resin, is imported. According to the Statistical Office, in the period 2003 – 2007, the import of resin declined in 2005, but since then has grown. The only reinforcement material produced in Hungary is carbon fiber, manufactured by Zoltek Ltd. No statistical data are available for the reinforcement materials, but according to producers and distributors, the volume of glass structures (fibers, balls) used is growing. Several producers use carbon structures or other materials for reinforcement, such as aramid or aramidbazalt. Thermoplastic materials also are reinforced with glass fiber, talc, carbon fiber or vegetable fiber. INNO-COMP Ltd. in Tiszaújváros has a 40,000 tons PP compounding capacity. The production of wood-plastic-composites is still in an experimental phase in Hungary as there has been no significant demand yet. In terms of production technology, although around 50% is still manual lamination, modern technologies have also appeared: several producers already use VARTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding) and RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) technologies, which enable them to produce more consistent quality. SMC/BMC technology (25%) and fiber spray technology (6%) are also widely used in Hungary. SMC/BMC production was 5000t in 2007, 40% up versus 3500t in 2005. The composites produced are used for sanitary goods, vehicles, sports goods and in other specific areas. Boats, buses and ultra-light small airplanes are also manufactured in Hungary. Bioderived Polymers Bio-Related Polymers: The production of bio-related polymers has not started in Hungary yet. Biologically Degradable Polymers: A 20,000-ton capacity PLA plant is being built in Balatonfűzfő by HUNEST BIOREFINERY Plc. Production is expected to start in Q1 2012. III.4. Process Equipment Local process equipment production is insignificant. Some machine parts and die-cast equipment are manufactured by small, Hungarian companies. The market is dominated by German
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 21 of 33
manufacturers: about 80% of the machines come from Germany, and the rest of the market is largely made up of Italian and increasingly Taiwanese machinery. The following table shows the size and age of the machinery in the industry, based on the data of Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. Experts estimate, that there are somewhat more machines in the country than shown in the table: altogether roughly 4,500 die-cast machines and 1,200 extruders. Die-Cast Machines (2007) 5001000 Type of Plastic 2326 468 50 41 Age
Power (g)
5000
Total
%
514 3
80
3388 94
97,3 2,7
148 131 180 58 517 14,8
13 10 35 22 80 2,3
1243 804 1103 332 3482 100,0
35,7 23,1 31,7 9,5 100,0
Extruder Machines (2007) Screw Diameter (mm) Foil and plate Pipe and profile Bottle, Barrel, Can Granulates Other Total Acquired before 1995 1996-2000 2001-2006 In 2007 Total %
< 40
40-79
80-99
>100
Total
%
39 35 33 11 22 140
225 173 143 13 54 608
52 52 18 17 21 160
65 21 13 14 54 167
381 281 207 55 151 1075
35,4 26,1 19,3 5,1 14,1 100,0
63
333
102
91
589
54,8
38 36 3 140 13,0
108 149 18 608 56,6
26 26 6 160 14,9
29 39 8 167 15,5
201 250 35 1075 100,0
18,7 23,3 3,2 100,0
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 22 of 33
IV. Major Plastic Companies in Hungary IV.1. Raw Material Production Companies There are three major raw material producers in Hungary: TVK, Borsodchem and Dunastyr. Major Products
Tiszaújváros
2006 Total Sales (000 USD)* 1,468,524
Borsodchem
Kazincbarcika
912,978
PVC, isocyonate
Dunastyr
Százhalombatta
175,935
Polystyrene: HIPS, EPS
Company Name
Location
TVK (MOL Group)
Integrated production company; makes ethylene and propylene from naphtha and gas oil, which are processed to produce low-, medium- and high-density polyethylene and polypropylene
*Source: Dun & Bradstreet, 1USD = 210.51 HUF
Contact details of the companies: Company Name TVK (MOL Group) Borsodchem Dunastyr
Contact Name
Address H-3581 Tiszaújváros Mr. Tivadar VÁLYI NAGY Pf: 20 H-3700 Kazincbarcika Mr. László SZENTMIKOSSY Bolyai tér 1. H-2443 Százhalombatta Pf. 10. Mr. Károly HONVÁRI
Telephone
Fax
+36-49-522-222
+36-49-521-322
[email protected]
+36-48-511-211
+36-48-511-511
[email protected]
+36-23-553-353
+36-23-354-009
[email protected]
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 23 of 33
IV.2. Plastic Processing Companies There are approximately 500 plastics processing companies in Hungary, including one-man enterprises. Out of these, 300 can be considered significant, processing over 25 tons raw material a year. The 2007 data on processing are based on a survey conducted by the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. Plastic Processing Companies by Size: Company Size Production / year >10000 t 5000-10000 t 2000-5000 t > 2000 t Total 1000-2000 t 500-1000 t > 500 t Total 10.000 t Radici Film Hungary Graboplast Prysmian ALPLA Plastic Packaging Wavin Pannunion Packaging Material Elektrolux Lehel PIPILIFE Hungaria BC ONGROPACK BERICAP ALCOA-Köfém Kft CSI Division Nordenia Hungary
95,167 90,361 N.A. 44,417 50,223 35,192 965,797 36,969 35,751 48,016 N.A. 43,842
TETRA PAK Packaging Material Producer RESILUX Hungaria ROTAPACK Packaging Technology BC-Ablakprofil (BC-Window Profile) Vitafoam Hungary EUROFOAM Hungary
111,745 26,115 23,704 27,388 18,740 33,193
foil PVC floor cables plastic bottle and cap pipes PVC, PS extrusion refrigerator parts pipes foil plastic cap plastic cap foil paper – AL-PE combined packaging material PET pre-form foil PVC profile PUR foam PUR foam
N.A. N.A. 13,843 21,576 19,492 35,498 47,266 16,388 21,821 N.A. 10,996 18,940 29,994 N.A.
packaging material houseware television parts insulated panels geotextiles insulated panels cable foil pipes, packaging material secondary carpet backing houseware, furniture packaging material plastic film and membrane houseware
5.000 - 10.000 t Coca-Cola Beverage Curver Dunainjection Dow Hungary Geo-Tipptex Kingspan LKH Leoni Miniplaszt Partium '70 Propex Fabrics Hungary Star-Plus TiszaTextil Tredegar Film Products Wolf Plastics
*List from the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry ** Source: Dun & Bradstreet, only 2006 data are available, as some companies have not submitted their 2007 balance to the Company Registry yet Conversion rate used: Hungarian National Bank 2006 average rate: 1 USD = 210.51 HUF
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 25 of 33
Contact details of the 35 biggest companies: Company Name > 10.000 t
Contact Name
Address
Radici Film Hungary
Mr. Antal BAZSÓ
H-3581 Tiszaújváros Pf. 259
+36-49-888-401
+36-49-521-286
[email protected]
Graboplast
Mr. Miklós PATKÓS
H-9023 Győr Fehérvári u. 16/b
+36-96-506-178
+36-96-506-196
[email protected]
Prysmian
Ms. Katalin KECSKÉSNÉ SZAKÁCS
H-1116 Budapest Barázda u. 38.
+36-1-382-2328
+36-1-382-2272
[email protected] m
ALPLA Plastic Packaging
Mr. Gyula VEISZ
H-2801 Tatabánya Pf. 1363
+36-34-512-570
+36-34-512-590
[email protected]
Wavin
Ms. Piroska SOMOGYI
H-2072 Zsámbék, Pf. 44.
+36-23-566-000
+36-23-566-001
[email protected]
Pannunion Packaging Material
Mr. Balázs SZABÓ
H-9700 Szombathely Puskás T. u. 6.
+36-94-522-501
+36-94-522-502
[email protected]
Mr. Károly NAGY
H-5100 Jászberény Fémnyomó út 1.
+36-30-466 9047
+36-57-416 209
[email protected]
PIPILIFE Hungaria
Alexander LEUTNER Ms. Andrea SZILÁGYI
H-4031 Debrecen Kishegyesi út 263
+36-52-510-703
+36-52-510-701
[email protected]
BC ONGROPACK
Mr. Gyula SZABÓ
H -3704 Kazincbarcika Pf. 441
+36-48-510-130
+36-48-310-005
[email protected]
BERICAP
Dr. Papp Dénes PAPP Mr. László VAJDA
H-8008 Székesfehérvár Pf. 43.
+36-22-887-500
+36-22-887-501
[email protected]
ALCOA-Köfém Kft CSI Division
Mr. Ákos IMHOF
H-8002 Székesfehérvár Berényi u. 72-100.
+36-22-512-320
+36-22-512-350
Nordenia Hungary
Michael HEIKENFELD Mr. Csaba VECSERNYÉS
H-2111 Szada Vasút u. 13.
+36-28-502-502
+36-28-502-555
[email protected] om
TETRA PAK Packaging Material Producer
Mr. István TÓTH
H-2041 Budaörs, Gyártelep Pf. 200
+36-23-885-227
+36-23-418-010
[email protected]
RESILUX Hungaria
Ms. Judit HIFNER Mr. Viktor KOZMA
H-1062 Budapest, Aradi út 8-10
+36-1-373-0476
+36-1-302-0189
[email protected]
ROTAPACK Packaging Technology
Mr. Tamás RÓTA
H-6728 Szeged Dorozsmai u. 35.
+36-62-553-280
+36-62-553-289
[email protected]
BC-Ablakprofil (BC-Window Profile)
Mr. Márton DÖBRÖCZÖNI
H-3704 Kazincbarcika, Pf. 434
+36-48-320-322
+36-48-320-322
[email protected]
Vitafoam Hungary
Mr. Gábor VENCZEL
H-7030 Paks hrsz. 8806/2
+36-75-510-128
+36-75-510-129
[email protected]
EUROFOAM Hungary
Mr. György FELFÖLDI
H-3792 Sajóbábony Pf. 16.
+36-46-549-050
+36-46-549-240
Elektrolux Lehel
Telephone
Fax
[email protected]
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 26 of 33 Company Name 5.000 - 10.000 t
Contact Name
Address
Telephone
Fax
Coca-Cola Beverage
Mr. Csaba SOÓS Mr. Tibor PATYI
H-2330 Dunaharaszti Némedi út 104.
+36-24-500-387
+36-24-201-266
[email protected]
Curver
Mr. József MARI
H-4211 Ebes Zsongvölgy u.2.
+36-52-565-909
+36-52-565-990
[email protected]
Dunainjection
Mr. Pascal DORE Mr. Attila SZABÓ BAKOS
H-8002 Székesfehérvár Pf. 353
+36-22-510-900
+36-22-332-910
[email protected]
Dow Hungary
Mr. József CSONKA
H-1036 Budapest Lajos u. 48-66
+ 36-88-596-106
+ 36-88-596-105
Geo-Tipptex
Mr. Jenő ORBÁN
H-3581 Tiszaújváros Pf. 133
+36-49-540-190
+36-49-540-191
[email protected]
Kingspan
Mr. Gábor TÓVÁRI-NAGY
H-2367 Újhartyán Horka dűlő 1.
+36-29-573-400
+36-29-573-410
[email protected]
LKH Leoni
Mr. Gyula JÓZSA
H - 3000 Hatvan Kölcsey u. 53.
+36-37-544-405
+36-37-544-401
[email protected]
Miniplaszt
Mr. László SZOKOLAI
H-5465 Cserkeszőlő Május 1 u. 53.
+36-56-568-410
+36-56-568-411
[email protected]
Partium '70
Mr. János OROSZ Mr. Sándor GYŐRI
H -4024 Debrecen, Blaháné u.2.
+36-52-415-466
+36-52-410-730
[email protected]
Propex Fabrics Hungary
Mr. Friedel J. HESSUNG
H - 9027 Győr Gesztenyefa 2.
+36-96-502-124
+36-96-430-183
Star-Plus
Mr. György TÓTH
H -3561 Felsőzsolca Arnóti út 4.
+36-46-584-060
+36-46-584-070
[email protected]
TiszaTextil
Mr. Hans Peter GERBER
H -3581 Tiszaújváros Pf. 173.
+36-49-521-077
+36-49-521-488
[email protected]
Tredegar Film Products
Mr. Miklós BALOGH
H- 2651 Rétság Ipari út 2.
+36-35-550-509
+36-35-550-516
[email protected]
Wolf Plastics
Mr. László ANDRÉ
H - 9444 Fertőszentmiklós Soproni út 49
+36-99-544-610
+36-99-544-620
[email protected]
[email protected] m
IV.3. Start-Up Activity There are two major start-up investments in the industry: - HUNEST BIOREFINERY Plc. builds a PLA plant in Balatonfuzfo, in north-western Hungary. Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as biodegradable plastic. The plant is expected to start operating in 2012, with a capacity to produce 20,000 tons of PLA a year from 100,000 tons of wheat. Total costs are estimated at USD 232 million (HUF 40bn) and are expected to be recovered in an eight-year period. The investment is to be carried out from European Union and local subsidies and investors' funds. -
U.S. medical supplies company Becton Dickinson has started the construction of a USD 146m disposable syringe plant in Tatabanya.
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 27 of 33
IV.4. Association The Hungarian plastic producers and converters are organized in the Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry. The Association operates within the framework of the Association of the Hungarian Chemical Industry. Contact: Mrs. Lajosne Buzási Address: H-1036 Budapest, Bécsi út 85. Tel: +36-1-460-9504 Fax: +36-1-460-9505 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.huplast.hu
V. Academic and Research Institutions Expertise and innovation in all aspects of polymer research is concentrated at the universities. The single most significant centre of expertise is the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, where three departments are actively involved in R&D projects related to the plastics industry. Since the universities need to generate revenues, commission work from the industry is welcome and the institutions listed below also have extensive experience in working with private partners. 1. Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Physical Chemistry and Material Science, Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology (MGT) Contact: Prof. Dr. Béla Pukánszky Address: 1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3. H. bldg. I. Phone: +36 1 463 4076 Fax: +36 1 463 3474 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.mua.bme.hu The Department of Applied Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Institute of Chemistry of Hungarian Academy of Sciences forms an integral part of MGT, working as a single professional unit. The Department carries out extensive basic and applied research. They have vast experience in working with industry partners, such as TVK, Clariant or Ciba and also with small and medium sized enterprises of the plastics industry. The main areas of expertise are: -Heterogeneous polymer systems - composites -Degradation and stabilization of polymers -Morphology of polymers -Bio-related materials
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 28 of 33
2. Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering Contact: Prof. Dr. Tibor Czigány Address: 1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3., T. bldg. III. Tel: +36-1-463-2003 Fax: +36-1-463-1527 Email: [email protected] Web: www.pt.bme.hu This Department focuses on the engineering aspects of the plastics and has extensive industry relations. They work with companies such as Arburg, Varinex, Wittmann, Bayer, Zoltek, etc. The Department has the only Mold-Flow Simulation Program and the biggest prototypeproducing machine (60 x 50 x 40 cm) in Hungary. The main focus areas of the Department are: - Polymer Composites e.g.: basalt fiber reinforced or self-reinforced composites - Injection Molding - Fibrous Materials. - The Department has a NAT (National Accrediting Committee) accredited laboratory equipped with up-to-date technological machines and measuring devices 3. Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Technology of Biomedical and Composite Materials Research Group Contact: Prof. György Marosi Address: 1111 Budapest, Budafoki út 8. F II. mfsz Tel: +36 1 463 3654 Fax: +36 1 463 1150 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://oct.bme.hu/obrt The Department has extensive experience in industry and EU projects. The main areas of the research work are as follows: -Synthesis of new additives: reactive surfactants, fire retardants, intermediers -Development of surface and thermal analytical methods - Modification of surfaces and interfaces in multicomponent systems - Nanocomposites and fire retardancy - Composites reinforced with mineral fibers and fillers -Composites reinforced with natural fibers, recycling - Recyclable cable coatings - Pharmaceuticals of controlled release and multilayer packaging materials
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 29 of 33
4. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Chemical Research Center, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Department of Polymer Chemistry and Material Science Contact: Béla Iván, PhD, DSc, Department Head Address: H-1525 Budapest , Pusztaszeri u. 59-67, P. O. Box 17 Tel: +36-1-325 9033 Fax: +36-1-325 7898 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.chemres.hu/aki/polychem The Department has a long history of successful contracts and cooperation with industry partners such as Shell, General Electric, BASF or Clariant. Areas of expertise are: - Amphiphilic Conetworks - Polymer Synthesis - Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) 5. University of Debrecen, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry Contact: Dr. Miklós Zsuga Address: Debrecen, P.O.B. 1., 4010 Tel: + 36 52- 512-900 Fax: + 36 52) 348-173 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.chem.science.unideb.hu This is probably the most prestigious institute of polymer research outside Budapest. Research areas: - Living Cationic Polymerization - Polyurethanes - Ring-Opening Polymerization - The only institute in Hungary equipped to do MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight) mass spectroscopy
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 30 of 33
6. Kecskemet College Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Institute of Metal and Polymer Processing Technology Contact: Deputy Dean: Prof. Dr. Károly Belina Address: 6000 Kecskemet, Izsáki út 10. Tel: + 36- 76 516 301 Fax: + 36- 76 516 399 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.gamf.hu The strength of the department is polymer processing and their excellent relations with the companies in the area. 7. University of Miskolc, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering Contact: Dr. Marossy Kálmán Address: Miskolci Egyetem, 3515 Miskolc-Egyetemváros Tel: +36- 46 565-102, +36 46 565-111 / 15-16 Fax: +36- 46 365-924 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.polymer.uni-miskolc.hu The focus is on applied research, especially big experience with PVC . The department has strong ties to BorsodChem, which is located nearby. 8. University of Pannonia, Department of Chemical Engineering Contact: Dr. László Bartha Address: 8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Tel: +36-88- 624-743 e-mail: [email protected] Web: www.felviweb.uni-pannon.hu The staff has strong background in petrol chemistry. The focus of the research is on petrolderived additives. They also do some work with composites.
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 31 of 33
9. University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry Contact: Prof. Dr. Imre Kiricsi Address: 6720 Szeged, Aradi Vértanúk tere 1. Mailing Address: : 6701 Szeged, Pf. 428 Tel: +36-62-54-4478 Fax: +36 -62- 426-221 E-mail: kiricsi-at-chem.u-szeged.hu Web: http://www.sci.u-szeged.hu/appchem The most important research project running is carbon nanotubes. 10. University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics Department of Colloid Chemistry, Nanostructured Materials Research Group of Hungarian Academy of Sciences Contact: Prof. Dr. Imre Dékány Address: H-6720 Szeged , Aradi vértanúk tere 1. Tel: +36-62-544-209, +36-62-544-210 Fax: +36-62-544-042 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://koll1.chem.u-szeged.hu/colloids Research areas: soil colloids, nanocomposites, catalysers. Focus is mainly on pharmaceutical applications. 11. Bay Zoltan Foundation for Applied Research Address: H-1116 Budapest, Fehérvári út 130. Tel: +36 1 463 0500 Fax: +36 0 463 0529 E-mail: [email protected] The Foundation, established in 1992 by the National Committee for Technological Development, operates as a non-profit organization and its research and development activity is carried out in the institutes that it has established and owns. -
Institute for Materials Science and Technology (BAY-ATI) : laser technology, metal technology, polymer and composite technologies, sensor and instrument development.
-
Institute for Biotechnology (BAY-BIO): molecular biotechnology, biotransformation, bioremediation technologies
-
Institute of Logistics and Production Engineering (BAY-LOGI): logistics, applied information technology, structural integrity, recycling, environmental protection, production systems
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 32 of 33
-
Institute for intelligence
Applied
Telecommunication
Technologies
(BAY-IKTI):
ambient
-
Institute for Nanotechnology (BAY-NANO): nano-composites, nano-deformation, nanodispersion, nano-medicine, nano-metrology.
-
Institute for Plant Genomics, Human Biotechnology and Bioenergy (BAY-GEN): bridging plant and animal systems, human therapeutic strategies, bioenergy production
Plastics Industry in Hungary Page 33 of 33
Sources Association of the Hungarian Plastics Industry: personal interviews and provided data and background materials Country Commercial Guide 2008 Hungary A.M. - Monday, November 10, 2008 Hungary A.M. - Monday, November 17, 2008 Hungary A.M. - Tuesday, January 13, 2009 KSH (Hungarian Statistical Office) Prof. Dr. Tibor Czigány: December 1, 2008, personal interview, and in provided background materials Prof. Dr. Béla Pukánszky: December 1, 2008, personal interview, and in provided background materials
