Rust Ranch
Presented By
CLWSC Rust Ranch
annual
WATER
Quality
REPORT
Water Testing Performed in 2016
Este reporte incluye informacion importante sobre el agua para tomar. Para asistencia en español, favor de llamar al telefono (830) 964-2166. PWS ID#: 0160019
From the General Manager
W
e are proud of our continued effort to provide water that meets and exceeds drinking water standards at both the State and Federal levels. To that end, CLWSC collected over 1,100 samples at various locations throughout our distribution system and production facilities, and sampled for over 80 substances. Please take a few minutes to look over our 2016 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). As you review the data, keep in mind that only those substances with detected levels are reported in this CCR, including the highest and lowest results of the analysis. In addition, many substances are detected at levels that vary throughout the year and at different locations. It is important to note that detectable levels of any one substance do not indicate unhealthy water. Natural waters, including the sources used by CLWSC, contain a wide range of natural substances at levels that are not harmful to human health. In fact, some of the minerals measured and detected are essential for good health. A system’s water source is one of the primary factors that affect the levels of the substances detected. CLWSC supplies both groundwater and surface water to our customers. Generally, groundwater contains more natural minerals, or is harder, than surface water. On the other hand, surface water typically contains small levels of natural organic substances and requires treatment by filtration. Regardless of the source, regulations require that we disinfect the water with chlorine and maintain a minimum level of chlorine residual throughout the distribution system in order to maintain public health. CLWSC’s commitment to providing safe, potable water continues to grow with the introduction of additional staff members who oversee the Water Quality program. The focus will continue to be preemptive in determining potential areas of improvement, development, and implementation of actions that provide the most benefit to our customers.
Lead in Home Plumbing
I
f present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. We are responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but we cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
Important Health Information
Y
ou may be more vulnerable than the general population to certain microbial contaminants, such as Cryptosporidium, in drinking water. Infants, some elderly, or immunocompromised persons such as those undergoing chemotherapy for cancer; persons who have undergone organ transplants; those who are undergoing treatment with steroids; and people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, can be particularly at risk from infections. You should seek advice about drinking water from your physician or health care providers Additional guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).
Public Participation Opportunities
N
one scheduled at this time. To learn about future public meetings, please contact us at (830) 964-2166.
Where Does My Water Come From?
T
he source of drinking water used by Rust Ranch Water Supply is ground water that comes from the Trinity Aquifer.
SOURCE NAME / LOCATION
SOURCE WATER
TYPE OF WATER
REPORT STATUS
TCEQ SOURCE ID
Rust Ranch Road
Trinity Aquifer
Groundwater
Active
G0160019A / G0160019B / G0160019C
Jordan Lane
Trinity Aquifer
Groundwater
Active
G0160019D
For more information about your sources of water, please refer to the Source Water Assessment Viewer available at the following URL: http://www.tceq.texas.gov/gis/swaview
Source Water Assessment
T
he TCEQ completed an assessment of your source water and results indicate that some of your sources are susceptible to certain contaminants. The sampling requirements for your water system are based on this susceptibility and previous sample data. Any detections of these contaminants may be found in this Consumer Confident Report. For more information on source water assessments and protection efforts at our system, contact Aubry Wolff, Water Quality Specialist, at (830) 964-2166. SYSTEM SUSCEPTIBILITY SUMMARY
ASBESTOS
CYANIDE
METALS
MICROBIAL
MINERALS
RADIOCHEMICAL
SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS
-----
MEDIUM
HIGH
MEDIUM
HIGH
-----
HIGH
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT
VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS
DRINKING WATER CONTAMINANT CANDIDATE
OTHER
MEDIUM
HIGH
HIGH
-----
*A Source Water Susceptibility Assessment for your drinking water source(s) is currently being updated by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. This information describes the susceptibility and types of constituents that may come into contact with your drinking water source based on human activities and natural conditions. The information contained in the assessment allows us to focus source water protection strategies.
Further details about sources and source-water assessments are available in Drinking Water Watch at the following URL: http://dww2.tceq.texas.gov/DWW/
Water Conservation
Y
ou can play a role in conserving water and saving yourself money in the process by becoming conscious of the amount of water your household is using and by looking for ways to use less whenever you can. It is not hard to conserve water. Here are a few tips: • Automatic dishwashers use 15 gallons for every cycle, regardless of how many dishes are loaded. So get a run for your money and load it to capacity. • Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. • Check every faucet in your home for leaks. Just a slow drip can waste 15 to 20 gallons a day. Fix it and you can save almost 6,000 gallons per year. • Check your toilets for leaks by putting a few drops of food coloring in the tank. Watch for a few minutes to see if the color shows up in the bowl. It is not uncommon to lose up to 100 gallons a day from an invisible toilet leak. Fix it and you save more than 30,000 gallons a year. • Use your water meter to detect hidden leaks. Simply turn off all taps and water using appliances. Then check the meter after 15 minutes. If it moved, you have a leak.
Questions? For more information about this report, or for any questions relating to your drinking water, please contact Aubry Wolff, Water Quality Specialist, at (830) 964-2166.
Substances That Could Be in Water
T
he sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the EPAs Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791. Contaminants that may be present in source water include: • Microbial Contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife. • Inorganic Contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming. • Pesticides and Herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses. • Organic Chemical Contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems. • Radioactive Contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities. In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health. Contaminants may be found in drinking water that may cause taste, color, or odor problems. These types of problems are not necessarily causes for health concerns. For more information on taste, odor, or color of drinking water, please contact the system’s business office.
Test Results
O
ur water is monitored for many different kinds of contaminants on a very strict sampling schedule. The information below represents only those substances that were detected; our goal is to keep all detects below their respective maximum allowed levels. The State recommends monitoring for certain substances less than once per year because the concentrations of these substances do not change frequently. In these cases, the most recent sample data are included, along with the year in which the sample was taken. REGULATED SUBSTANCES SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
MCL [MRDL]
MCLG [MRDLG]
Alpha Emitters (pCi/L)
2015
15
0
Barium (ppm)
2016
2
2
Chlorine (ppm)
2016
[4]
[4]
Combined Radium (pCi/L)
2015
5
0
Fluoride (ppm)
2016
4
Nitrate (ppm)
2016
10
Selenium (ppb)
2016
TTHMs [Total Trihalomethanes] (ppb)
2016
AMOUNT DETECTED
RANGE
LOW-HIGH
VIOLATION
TYPICAL SOURCE
3.3
0–3.3
No
Erosion of natural deposits
0.0313
0–0.0313
No
Discharge of drilling wastes; Discharge from metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits
1.43
0.88–1.79
No
Water additive used to control microbes
3.3
0–3.3
No
Erosion of natural deposits
4
0.49
0–0.49
No
Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories
10
1.01
0–1.01
No
Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits
50
50
3.7
0–3.7
No
Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from mines
80
NA
1.2
0–1.2
No
By-product of drinking water disinfection
Tap water samples were collected for lead and copper analyses from sample sites throughout the community SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
AL
MCLG
AMOUNT DETECTED (90TH%TILE)
SITES ABOVE AL/ TOTAL SITES
VIOLATION
Copper (ppm)
2014
1.3
1.3
0.17
0/5
No
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits
Lead (ppb)
2014
15
0
1
0/5
No
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits
TYPICAL SOURCE
SECONDARY SUBSTANCES SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
SCL
MCLG
AMOUNT DETECTED
LOW-HIGH
VIOLATION
Chloride (ppm)
2016
300
NA
14
0–14
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits
Copper (ppm)
2012
1.0
NA
0.0189
0–0.0189
No
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits
Sulfate (ppm)
2016
300
NA
123
0–123
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits; Industrial wastes
Total Dissolved Solids [TDS] (ppm)
2016
1,000
NA
476
0–476
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits
Zinc (ppm)
2012
5
NA
0.0539
0–0.0539
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits; Industrial wastes
UNREGULATED AND OTHER SUBSTANCES SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
RANGE
TYPICAL SOURCE
1
YEAR SAMPLED
AMOUNT DETECTED
LOW-HIGH
Bicarbonate (ppm)
2016
315
0–315
Erosion of natural deposits
Bromodichloromethane (ppb)
2014
0.5
0–0.5
Disinfection by-product
Bromoform (ppb)
2014
0.7
0–0.7
Disinfection by-product
Calcium (ppm)
2016
102
0–102
Erosion of natural deposits
Dibromochloromethane (ppb)
2016
1.2
1.0–1.2
Disinfection by-product
Diluted Conductance (µS/cm)
2016
858
0–858
Erosion of natural deposits
Lead (ppb)
2012
1.3
0–1.3
Residue from man-made pollution such as auto emissions and paint; Lead pipe, casing, and solder
Magnesium (ppm)
2016
34.6
0–34.6
Erosion of natural deposits
Nickel (ppm)
2016
0.0016
0–0.0016
RANGE
TYPICAL SOURCE
Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from metal refineries; Runoff from waste, batteries, and paints
UNREGULATED AND OTHER SUBSTANCES 1
1
SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
AMOUNT DETECTED
LOW-HIGH
Potassium (ppm)
2016
2.11
0–2.11
Erosion of natural deposits
Sodium (ppm)
2016
9.4
0–9.4
Erosion of natural deposits
Specific Conductance (µS/cm)
2013
686
0–686
Erosion of natural deposits
Total Alkalinity [as CaCO3] (ppm)
2016
258
0–258
Erosion of natural deposits
Total Hardness (ppm)
2016
397
0–397
Erosion of natural deposits
RANGE
TYPICAL SOURCE
nregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. The purpose of unregulated contaminant monitoring is to assist EPA in determining the occurrence of unregulated contaminants in U drinking water and whether future regulation is warranted.
Definitions AL (Action Level): The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow. µS/cm (microsiemens per centimeter): A unit expressing the amount of electrical conductivity of a solution. LRAA (Locational Running Annual Average): The average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four calendar quarters. Amount Detected values for TTHMs and HAAs are reported as LRAAs.
MRDL (Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level): The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. MRDLG (Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal): The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants. NA: Not applicable
MCL (Maximum Contaminant Level): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
pCi/L (picocuries per liter): A measure of radioactivity.
MCLG (Maximum Contaminant Level Goal): The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
ppm (parts per million): One part substance per million parts water (or milligrams per liter).
ppb (parts per billion): One part substance per billion parts water (or micrograms per liter). SCL (Secondary Constituent Level): SCLs are established to regulate the aesthetics of drinking water like appearance, taste and odor.
CLWSC Rust Ranch
annual
WATER
Quality
REPORT
Water Testing Performed in 2016
Este reporte incluye informacion importante sobre el agua para tomar. Para asistencia en español, favor de llamar al telefono (830) 964-2166. PWS ID#: 0160019
From the General Manager
W
e are proud of our continued effort to provide water that meets and exceeds drinking water standards at both the State and Federal levels. To that end, CLWSC collected over 1,100 samples at various locations throughout our distribution system and production facilities, and sampled for over 80 substances. Please take a few minutes to look over our 2016 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). As you review the data, keep in mind that only those substances with detected levels are reported in this CCR, including the highest and lowest results of the analysis. In addition, many substances are detected at levels that vary throughout the year and at different locations. It is important to note that detectable levels of any one substance do not indicate unhealthy water. Natural waters, including the sources used by CLWSC, contain a wide range of natural substances at levels that are not harmful to human health. In fact, some of the minerals measured and detected are essential for good health. A system’s water source is one of the primary factors that affect the levels of the substances detected. CLWSC supplies both groundwater and surface water to our customers. Generally, groundwater contains more natural minerals, or is harder, than surface water. On the other hand, surface water typically contains small levels of natural organic substances and requires treatment by filtration. Regardless of the source, regulations require that we disinfect the water with chlorine and maintain a minimum level of chlorine residual throughout the distribution system in order to maintain public health. CLWSC’s commitment to providing safe, potable water continues to grow with the introduction of additional staff members who oversee the Water Quality program. The focus will continue to be preemptive in determining potential areas of improvement, development, and implementation of actions that provide the most benefit to our customers.
Lead in Home Plumbing
I
f present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. We are responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but we cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
Important Health Information
Y
ou may be more vulnerable than the general population to certain microbial contaminants, such as Cryptosporidium, in drinking water. Infants, some elderly, or immunocompromised persons such as those undergoing chemotherapy for cancer; persons who have undergone organ transplants; those who are undergoing treatment with steroids; and people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, can be particularly at risk from infections. You should seek advice about drinking water from your physician or health care providers Additional guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).
Public Participation Opportunities
N
one scheduled at this time. To learn about future public meetings, please contact us at (830) 964-2166.
Where Does My Water Come From?
T
he source of drinking water used by Rust Ranch Water Supply is ground water that comes from the Trinity Aquifer.
SOURCE NAME / LOCATION
SOURCE WATER
TYPE OF WATER
REPORT STATUS
TCEQ SOURCE ID
Rust Ranch Road
Trinity Aquifer
Groundwater
Active
G0160019A / G0160019B / G0160019C
Jordan Lane
Trinity Aquifer
Groundwater
Active
G0160019D
For more information about your sources of water, please refer to the Source Water Assessment Viewer available at the following URL: http://www.tceq.texas.gov/gis/swaview
Source Water Assessment
T
he TCEQ completed an assessment of your source water and results indicate that some of your sources are susceptible to certain contaminants. The sampling requirements for your water system are based on this susceptibility and previous sample data. Any detections of these contaminants may be found in this Consumer Confident Report. For more information on source water assessments and protection efforts at our system, contact Aubry Wolff, Water Quality Specialist, at (830) 964-2166. SYSTEM SUSCEPTIBILITY SUMMARY
ASBESTOS
CYANIDE
METALS
MICROBIAL
MINERALS
RADIOCHEMICAL
SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS
-----
MEDIUM
HIGH
MEDIUM
HIGH
-----
HIGH
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT
VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS
DRINKING WATER CONTAMINANT CANDIDATE
OTHER
MEDIUM
HIGH
HIGH
-----
*A Source Water Susceptibility Assessment for your drinking water source(s) is currently being updated by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. This information describes the susceptibility and types of constituents that may come into contact with your drinking water source based on human activities and natural conditions. The information contained in the assessment allows us to focus source water protection strategies.
Further details about sources and source-water assessments are available in Drinking Water Watch at the following URL: http://dww2.tceq.texas.gov/DWW/
Water Conservation
Y
ou can play a role in conserving water and saving yourself money in the process by becoming conscious of the amount of water your household is using and by looking for ways to use less whenever you can. It is not hard to conserve water. Here are a few tips: • Automatic dishwashers use 15 gallons for every cycle, regardless of how many dishes are loaded. So get a run for your money and load it to capacity. • Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. • Check every faucet in your home for leaks. Just a slow drip can waste 15 to 20 gallons a day. Fix it and you can save almost 6,000 gallons per year. • Check your toilets for leaks by putting a few drops of food coloring in the tank. Watch for a few minutes to see if the color shows up in the bowl. It is not uncommon to lose up to 100 gallons a day from an invisible toilet leak. Fix it and you save more than 30,000 gallons a year. • Use your water meter to detect hidden leaks. Simply turn off all taps and water using appliances. Then check the meter after 15 minutes. If it moved, you have a leak.
Questions? For more information about this report, or for any questions relating to your drinking water, please contact Aubry Wolff, Water Quality Specialist, at (830) 964-2166.
Substances That Could Be in Water
T
he sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the EPAs Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791. Contaminants that may be present in source water include: • Microbial Contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife. • Inorganic Contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming. • Pesticides and Herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses. • Organic Chemical Contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems. • Radioactive Contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities. In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health. Contaminants may be found in drinking water that may cause taste, color, or odor problems. These types of problems are not necessarily causes for health concerns. For more information on taste, odor, or color of drinking water, please contact the system’s business office.
Test Results
O
ur water is monitored for many different kinds of contaminants on a very strict sampling schedule. The information below represents only those substances that were detected; our goal is to keep all detects below their respective maximum allowed levels. The State recommends monitoring for certain substances less than once per year because the concentrations of these substances do not change frequently. In these cases, the most recent sample data are included, along with the year in which the sample was taken. REGULATED SUBSTANCES SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
MCL [MRDL]
MCLG [MRDLG]
Alpha Emitters (pCi/L)
2015
15
0
Barium (ppm)
2016
2
2
Chlorine (ppm)
2016
[4]
[4]
Combined Radium (pCi/L)
2015
5
0
Fluoride (ppm)
2016
4
Nitrate (ppm)
2016
10
Selenium (ppb)
2016
TTHMs [Total Trihalomethanes] (ppb)
2016
AMOUNT DETECTED
RANGE
LOW-HIGH
VIOLATION
TYPICAL SOURCE
3.3
0–3.3
No
Erosion of natural deposits
0.0313
0–0.0313
No
Discharge of drilling wastes; Discharge from metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits
1.43
0.88–1.79
No
Water additive used to control microbes
3.3
0–3.3
No
Erosion of natural deposits
4
0.49
0–0.49
No
Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories
10
1.01
0–1.01
No
Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits
50
50
3.7
0–3.7
No
Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from mines
80
NA
1.2
0–1.2
No
By-product of drinking water disinfection
Tap water samples were collected for lead and copper analyses from sample sites throughout the community SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
AL
MCLG
AMOUNT DETECTED (90TH%TILE)
SITES ABOVE AL/ TOTAL SITES
VIOLATION
Copper (ppm)
2014
1.3
1.3
0.17
0/5
No
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits
Lead (ppb)
2014
15
0
1
0/5
No
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits
TYPICAL SOURCE
SECONDARY SUBSTANCES SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
SCL
MCLG
AMOUNT DETECTED
LOW-HIGH
VIOLATION
Chloride (ppm)
2016
300
NA
14
0–14
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits
Copper (ppm)
2012
1.0
NA
0.0189
0–0.0189
No
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits
Sulfate (ppm)
2016
300
NA
123
0–123
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits; Industrial wastes
Total Dissolved Solids [TDS] (ppm)
2016
1,000
NA
476
0–476
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits
Zinc (ppm)
2012
5
NA
0.0539
0–0.0539
No
Runoff/leaching from natural deposits; Industrial wastes
UNREGULATED AND OTHER SUBSTANCES SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
RANGE
TYPICAL SOURCE
1
YEAR SAMPLED
AMOUNT DETECTED
LOW-HIGH
Bicarbonate (ppm)
2016
315
0–315
Erosion of natural deposits
Bromodichloromethane (ppb)
2014
0.5
0–0.5
Disinfection by-product
Bromoform (ppb)
2014
0.7
0–0.7
Disinfection by-product
Calcium (ppm)
2016
102
0–102
Erosion of natural deposits
Dibromochloromethane (ppb)
2016
1.2
1.0–1.2
Disinfection by-product
Diluted Conductance (µS/cm)
2016
858
0–858
Erosion of natural deposits
Lead (ppb)
2012
1.3
0–1.3
Residue from man-made pollution such as auto emissions and paint; Lead pipe, casing, and solder
Magnesium (ppm)
2016
34.6
0–34.6
Erosion of natural deposits
Nickel (ppm)
2016
0.0016
0–0.0016
RANGE
TYPICAL SOURCE
Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from metal refineries; Runoff from waste, batteries, and paints
UNREGULATED AND OTHER SUBSTANCES 1
1
SUBSTANCE (UNIT OF MEASURE)
YEAR SAMPLED
AMOUNT DETECTED
LOW-HIGH
Potassium (ppm)
2016
2.11
0–2.11
Erosion of natural deposits
Sodium (ppm)
2016
9.4
0–9.4
Erosion of natural deposits
Specific Conductance (µS/cm)
2013
686
0–686
Erosion of natural deposits
Total Alkalinity [as CaCO3] (ppm)
2016
258
0–258
Erosion of natural deposits
Total Hardness (ppm)
2016
397
0–397
Erosion of natural deposits
RANGE
TYPICAL SOURCE
nregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. The purpose of unregulated contaminant monitoring is to assist EPA in determining the occurrence of unregulated contaminants in U drinking water and whether future regulation is warranted.
Definitions AL (Action Level): The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow. µS/cm (microsiemens per centimeter): A unit expressing the amount of electrical conductivity of a solution. LRAA (Locational Running Annual Average): The average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four calendar quarters. Amount Detected values for TTHMs and HAAs are reported as LRAAs.
MRDL (Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level): The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. MRDLG (Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal): The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants. NA: Not applicable
MCL (Maximum Contaminant Level): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
pCi/L (picocuries per liter): A measure of radioactivity.
MCLG (Maximum Contaminant Level Goal): The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
ppm (parts per million): One part substance per million parts water (or milligrams per liter).
ppb (parts per billion): One part substance per billion parts water (or micrograms per liter). SCL (Secondary Constituent Level): SCLs are established to regulate the aesthetics of drinking water like appearance, taste and odor.
