The two most basic units of speech are:
Select one: a. words and rules of grammar. b. ideas and concepts. c. morphemes and phonemes. d. connotative and denotative meaning. Question 2 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text The study of the meanings represented by words is:
Select one: a. prosody. b. semantics. c. syntax. d. function. Question 3 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text A child who uses the word "wawa" to refer not only to water but to milk, juice, and other drinks is:
Select one: a. overextending the word. b. babbling. c. underextending the word. d. overgeneralizing a grammatical rule. Question 4 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text The fact that language is infinitely generative means that:
Select one: a. the relationship between a word and the thing that it refers to is arbitrary there is no particular reason why we call babies "babies". b. it can be used to discuss new ideas. c. language allows us to talk beyond the here and now.
d. true language is only engaged in by humans; other animals have communication systems but not a true language. Question 5 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Which of the following is FALSE about speech?
Select one: a. Coarticulation means that there is no simple onetoone mapping between letters and speech sounds. b. Our difficulty learning to perceive speech sounds in other language (eg tone in Mandarin) is often the direct result of learning our native language. c. You hear speech letterbyletter, and assemble it into words and phrases so that you can understand it. d. Speaking is a highly complex and sophisticated motor skill that takes years to develop. Question 6 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Which of the following is TRUE about categorical perception?
Select one: a. It is innate. b. It simply means that, given a choice between two phoneme categories, we can figure out which is the better match for any speech sound. c. It is unique to speech. d. It demonstrates that our perception does not accurately reflect what is physically present in the sound. Question 7 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Noam Chomsky accounts for children's ability to learn something as complex as language by hypothesizing the existence of a languageacquisition device. This device is:
Select one: a. a set of inborn aids that permit children to understand the elements of grammar common to all languages and to acquire the rules specific to their own.
b. an innate mechanism that predisposes adults to speak slowly, simply, and with broad gestures when talking to young children. c. the range of social interactions that contribute to the child's successful acquisition of the culture's language. d. an innate mechanism that permits children to understand how to use language operantly, in order to gain rewards. Question 8 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text "Anti" is an example of:
Select one: a. a phoneme. b. syntax. c. surface structure. d. a morpheme. Question 9 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text The fact that "Dog bites man" has a very different meaning from "Man bites dog" demonstrates the importance of:
Select one: a. connotation. b. syntax. c. conditional relationships. d. linguistic determinism. Question 10 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Which of the following is TRUE about animal communication?
Select one: a. Animals exhibit varied cries and calls, but these communications are often not understood by other animals of the same species. b. Although animal communication is limited, they can learn to use human language with ease and eventually attain the communication skills of the average 6 year old.
c. Animal communication can truly be called a language because it consists of symbols and grammar, and is generative. d. Although psychologists don't doubt that animals communicate, there is disagreement as to whether or such communication, even with intensive instruction, qualifies as language. Question 11 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text An organism's phenotype is the result of:
Select one: a. its genotype. b. the influence of environmental influences and experiences. c. the interaction of its genotype with the environment. d. the reproductive success of its parents. Question 12 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text When David Wechsler developed the WAIS and the WISC (intelligence tests) his goal was not to:
Select one: a. limit the test to a single performance index. b. allow cultural bias to intrude. c. allow linguistic bias. d. all of the above. Question 13 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Fluid intelligence is to __________ as crystallized intelligence is to __________.
Select one: a. experience; capacity b. achievement; experience c. potential; accomplishment d. learning; genetic inheritance Question 14
Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text A recessive allele will influence the expression of a trait only when it:
Select one: a. is paired with another recessive allele. b. forms a heterozygous gene combination with another recessive allele. c. forms a homozygous gene combination with a dominant allele. d. is paired with a dominant, but weak allele. Question 15 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Natural selection has favoured species that reproduce sexually because sexual reproduction:
Select one: a. pleasurable, which is reinforcing. b. leads to genetic diversity, which is adaptive. c. leads to a longer life span and more variability in behaviour. d. produces organisms that have the capacity for thinking and language. Question 16 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Most traits and disorders are caused by:
Select one: a. a single gene. b. multiple genes (polygenic) c. a single gene and the environment d. multiple genes and the environment Question 17 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Concordance is the degree to which two people:
Select one: a. share the same genotype. b. share the same phenotype.
c. share the same environment. d. are biologically related. Question 18 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Intelligence is determined, in descending order, by:
Select one: a. genes, shared environment; unique environment. b. genes, unique environment; shared environment. c. shared environment; genes; unique environment d. shared environment; unique environment; genes. Question 19 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Rashi is given several intelligence tests and is found to do well above average on most areas, including mathematical, verbal, and spatial abilities. Spearman would attribute Rashi's high performance across this variety of tests to:
Select one: a. g (general intelligence). b. fluid intelligence. c. crystallized intelligence. d. specific ability. Question 20 Correct Marked out of 1.00 Flag question
Question text Intelligence has a heritability estimate of .50 in a NorthAmerican Caucasian population. This means that:
Select one: a. On average, about 50% of the variance in intelligence in any group of people can be explained by genetic inheritance. b. On average, about 50% of the variance in intelligence in a group of Caucasian Canadians can be explained by genetic inheritance. c. All Caucasian individuals from North America will show a correlation in IQ scores with their adoptive parents' IQ scores of about .50. d. All Caucasian individuals from North America will show a correlation in IQ scores with their biological parents' IQ scores of about .50.