VIETNAMESE
SIMON & SCHUSTER’S
PIMSLEUR
®
VIETNAMESE level
1
READING BOOKLET
VIETNAMESE 1 Travelers should always check with their nation's State Department for current advisories on local conditions before traveling abroad.
Booklet Design: Maia Kennedy
© and ‰ Recorded Program 2004 Simon & Schuster, Inc. © Reading Booklet 2004 Simon & Schuster, Inc. Pimsleur® is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA. All rights reserved.
ii
VIETNAMESE 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Voices English-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ray Brown Vietnamese-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . . . . . Khuong Vu Female Vietnamese Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lien Le Male Vietnamese Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . Dr. Binh Nhu Ngo Course Writers Dr. Binh Nhu Ngo Christopher J. Gainty Editors Elizabeth Horber Dr. Ulrike S. Rettig Beverly D. Heinle Executive Producer Beverly D. Heinle Producer & Director Sarah H. McInnis Recording Engineers Peter S. Turpin Kelly Saux
Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA
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VIETNAMESE 1 Table of Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Vietnamese Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Words for “You” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Vietnamese Writing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Vietnamese Alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 2 3 3 5 8
Lesson One . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Two . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Three . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Four . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Five . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Six . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Seven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Eight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Nine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Ten. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Eleven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Twelve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Thirteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Fourteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Fifteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Sixteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Seventeen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Eighteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Nineteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Twenty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
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VIETNAMESE 1 Introduction Reading has been defined as the decoding of graphic material which represents the phonemic patterns of the spoken lanaguage, or to put it another way, reading consists of coming back to speech through the graphic symbols. In short, meaning is contained in the sounds of the spoken language. As the written form of any language does no more than represent these sounds visually, speaking a language is the necessary first step to reading and understanding anything written in the language. The Vietnamese alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, and many letters seem to be exactly the same as their English counterparts. However, the Vietnamese alphabet represents sounds unique to Vietnamese, and the sound of each letter may differ significantly from what appears to be the same letter in English. Vietnamese letters have symbols attached to them which display a wide range of information, from the correct pitch and tonal motion to the length and quality of the vowels. There are twenty Vietnamese reading lessons. They can all be found at the end of the program. You may choose to do the readings along with the lessons, after every other lessonor so, or you may want to wait and do them all together, after completing the rest of the course. Feel free to repeat the reading lessons as often as needed for practice with the Vietnamese alphabet and its sounds.
VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Language Vietnamese is spoken by some 80 million people in Vietnam and approximately two million Vietnamese overseas. Vietnam is also home to 60 or so smaller ethnic groups who speak indigenous languages. Some Vietnamese speak Russian and / or English, and some older Vietnamese speak French. However, the majority of social, political, and cultural communication in Vietnam is conducted in Vietnamese. The Vietnamese language has three main dialects: northern, central, and southern. The differences between the dialects lie in both the vocabulary and the phonetic system. However, Vietnamese everywhere understand each other despite these differences. This Vietnamese course introduces the contemporary Hanoi (“northern”) dialect, the widely-accepted “standard” Vietnamese. The Hanoi dialect is the one most often used in news broadcasts on national Vietnamese radio and television and in Vietnamese books, newspapers, and magazines.
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VIETNAMESE 1 Words for “You” The Vietnamese language uses several words for “you,” depending on the gender and age of the person being addressed. In this course, we learn four different words: anh - refers to a man younger than 50, bø - refers to a woman over 50, ch - refers to a woman younger than 50, ‰ng - refers to a man over 50. Other words exist to refer to the very young or very old, but these four will enable you to interact with others effectively in most situations. The Vietnamese Writing System The writing system currently in use in Vietnam is based on the Latin alphabet. The Vietnamese alphabet began as a Romanization of Vietnamese by 17th-century missionaries, but since some Vietnamese sounds have no equivalent in the Latin alphabet, additional letters were created by adding “diacritical marks,” usually to the vowels, to indicate the differences. Before the present writing system, there were two previous Vietnamese writing systems, both of which used ideograms based on Chinese characters. Neither of these is used in contemporary Vietnam. The French governor general issued 3
VIETNAMESE 1 a decree to use the Romanized alphabet exclusively in 1910. When Vietnam became independent in 1945, Ho Chi Minh’s government continued the policy of using the Romanized alphabet exclusively. You will find the Vietnamese alphabet starting on page 7, along with a guide to the sounds represented by each letter. Note that some Vietnamese letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word or combination with other letters. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in mind that these equivalents are just approximations. You should use this list for reference only, as all the information you need to complete the readings is contained at the end of the program. Please refer to the audio of the Readings to hear the authentic sounds.
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VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Alphabet Letter
Sound
a
the “a” in “father”
√
the “u” in “hut”
…
like √, except that the sound is longer
b
(as in English)
c
somewhere between a “k” and a hard “g”
d
the “z” in “zebra”
{
a cross between an English “t” and “d”
e
like the “eah” in “yeah”
‘ g
the “œ” in resumé, or “ay” in “play” when followed by “i” sounds like “z”; otherwise rolling “r” or “rh”
h
(as in English)
i
the “i” in “sing”
k
like the Vietnamese “c”
l
(as in English)
m
(as in English)
n
(as in English)
o
like the word “awe” 5
VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Alphabet Letter
Sound
‰
the o in “go”
Í
the English schwa sound, like the a in “alone”
p
(as in English)
q
(as in English)
r
like the English z
s
(as in English)
t
like the t in “tin”
u
the oo in “boot”
ı
like the i in “live” and “pin”
v
(as in English)
x
the ss in “address”
y
ee when at the beginning of the word Combinations
Letter
Sound
ao
the ow sound in the word “gown”
au
like the Vietnamese ao 6
VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Alphabet Letter
Sound
…u
like oh
ay
like eye
ch
like ch as in “chair” when at the beginning of a word; like k when at the end of the word
kh
like the h in “hum,” but more guttural
ng
like the ng in “sing”
ngh nh
like the Vietnamese ng (the h is silent in this combination) like the Vietnamese ng when at the end of a word; like the ni in “onion” when at the beginning of a word
oa
like the wa in “water”
oai
like "why"
ph
as in the English word “phone”
qu
somewhere between the qu in “quack” and the gu in “Guatemala”
th
like the English t
tr
like the ch in “chair”
uai
like "why"
uay
like “way” 7
VIETNAMESE 1 Tones Vietnamese is a “tonal language,” where changes in the pitch level of a word signal a change in meaning. Vietnamese has six different tones, all of which, except for the mid-level tone, are denoted by diacritic marks. These are shown in the chart on the next page, shown with the letter “a.” English Name
Mark (shown with “a”)
High-rising æ Starts slightly higher than mid-level and rises sharply Low-falling ø Starts slightly lower than mid-level, and trails downward toward the bottom of the vocal range Mid-level a <none> Starts at the mid-point of the speaker’s vocal range, and remains stable and constant during the pronunciation of the syllable Low-falling-rising ¿ Starts slightly lower than mid-level, drops abruptly, and is then followed by a sweeping rise at the end of the syllable
8
VIETNAMESE 1 High-rising broken ¡ Starts as high as the High-rising tone, breaks, then rises and stops abruptly Low-falling broken ¬ Starts as low as the Low-falling tone and then drops off very sharply When a letter includes both an accent and a tonal marker, the tonal marker appears above the accent mark, except for the Low-falling broken tone which appears as a dot below the letter. To illustrate, the six tones are shown below with the letter “√.” ƒ
≈
√
∆
9
«
»
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VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson One 1.
ba
2.
bø
3.
lø
4.
to
5.
c‰
6.
t‰i
7.
c‡n
8.
C‡n bø?
9.
‰ng
10.
‰ng bø
11.
anh
12.
anh lø
13.
kh‰ng
14.
Ín
15.
v…ng
16.
{i
17.
chøo
18.
Chøo bø.
19.
ba bia
20.
Chøo bø, t‰i {i. 11
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Two 1.
con
2.
C‡n ‰ng?
3.
c
4.
c / c‡n
5.
khæ
6.
lƒm
7.
khæ lƒm
8.
cæm Ín
9.
Cæm Ín anh.
10.
thønh phÂ
11.
thÏi gian
12.
ti’ng
13.
ti’ng Anh
14.
t‰i ni
15.
t‰i ni ti’ng Anh.
16.
muÂn
17.
uÂng
18.
T‰i kh‰ng muÂn uÂng.
19.
vÎi bø
20.
b≈ng ti’ng Anh 12
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Three 1.
t‰i c
2.
anh c
3.
nhi‘u
4.
Bao nhi‘u?
5.
Anh c bao nhi‘u?
6.
ph¿i
7.
hi◊u
8.
T‰i hi◊u.
9.
Bø kh‰ng hi◊u.
10.
Bø kh‰ng hi◊u ti’ng Anh.
11.
¢ng c hi◊u kh‰ng?
12.
Kh‰ng. T‰i kh‰ng hi◊u.
13.
khæ lƒm
14.
T‰i hi◊u kh‰ng khæ lƒm.
15.
kho—
16.
¢ng c kho— kh‰ng?
17.
T‰i kho— lƒm.
18.
T‰i kho— lƒm, cæm Ín ‰ng.
19.
Kh‰ng kho— lƒm.
20.
¢ng kh‰ng hi◊u. 13
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Four 1.
ti’ng
2.
b≈ng ti’ng Anh
3.
nga
4.
ngıÏi
5.
b¿y
6.
b¿y ngıÏi
7.
M˛
8.
ngıÏi M˛
9.
T‰i lø ngıÏi M˛.
10.
bø kh‰ng ph¿i lø
11.
Bø kh‰ng ph¿i lø ngıÏi M˛.
12.
{…y
13.
Ì {…y
14.
Ì {`y
15.
ngh›a
16.
ti÷n
17.
Trøng Ti÷n
18.
ph Trøng Ti÷n
19.
Ph Trøng Ti÷n kh‰ng ph¿i Ì {…y.
20.
Ngh›a lø g¤? 14
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Five 1.
h·i
2.
cho
3.
anh cho h·i
4.
anh c ph¿i lø
5.
Anh c ph¿i lø ngıÏi M˛ kh‰ng?
6.
Ì {…u
7.
l…u
8.
Bao l…u?
9.
∕t
10.
mÈt
11.
ViŸt
12.
ngıÏi ViŸt
13.
T‰i hi◊u ti’ng ViŸt.
14.
Ch lø ngıÏi ViŸt.
15.
T‰i kh‰ng ph¿i lø ngıÏi ViŸt.
16.
mÈt ∕t
17.
T‰i hi◊u mÈt ∕t ti’ng ViŸt.
18.
ngh›
19.
b¬n
20.
NgıÏi b¬n Ì M˛. 15
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Six 1.
sao
2.
xa
3.
xa lƒm
4.
lËi
5.
xin
6.
Xin lËi ch.
7.
bi’t
8.
T‰i bi’t ti’ng ViŸt.
9.
T‰i ni mÈt ∕t.
10.
[¬o
11.
Hıng
12.
TrÀn
13.
ph TrÀn Hıng [¬o
14.
Ph TrÀn Hıng [¬o Ì {…u?
15.
bæo M˛
16.
bæo ViŸt
17.
mÌ c¯a
18.
c¯a høng
19.
Cæc c¯a høng c mÌ c¯a kh‰ng?
20.
T‰i kh‰ng bi’t. 16
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Seven 1.
hay
2.
hai
3.
hay / hai
4.
hai hay ba?
5.
mıÍi
6.
tı
7.
hai mıÍi tı
8.
hay hai mıÍi mÂt?
9.
T‰i c mÈt ∕t.
10.
sau {
11.
sæu mıÍi mÂt
12.
sæu mıÍi ch∕n
13.
mıÏi sæu
14.
mıÏi sæu / sæu mıÍi
15.
ngøy
16.
ngøy mai
17.
ngh¤n
18.
hiŸu √n
19.
HiŸu √n Ì {…u?
20.
T‰i kh‰ng hi◊u. 17
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Eight 1.
mai
2.
tÂi mai
3.
tÂi nay
4.
T‰i muÂn Ì l¬i.
5.
T‰i muÂn Ì l¬i {`y.
6.
m`y ngøy
7.
hai ngøy
8.
T¬i sao?
9.
cæi
10.
g¤
11.
cæi g¤ {
12.
t‰i muÂn mua
13.
T‰i muÂn {i mua cæi g¤ {.
14.
Anh muÂn {i mua g¤?
15.
giÏ
16.
Bao giÏ?
17.
m`y
18.
Vøo lc m`y giÏ?
19.
bÂn giÏ hay n√m giÏ
20.
B…y giÏ n√m giÏ. 18
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Nine 1.
Ì {≈ng kia
2.
Ai Ì {≈ng kia?
3.
VÔ t‰i Ì {≈ng kia.
4.
chÊng ch
5.
sæng h‰m qua
6.
‰ng `y
7.
¢ng `y {i Søi G‡n.
8.
b≈ng mæy bay
9.
Ch muÂn {i mua g¤?
10.
muÈn
11.
muÈn hÍn
12.
ch muÂn / muÈn hÍn
13.
muÈn quæ
14.
rÊi
15.
B…y giÏ m`y giÏ rÊi?
16.
B…y giÏ b¿y giÏ.
17.
t∕ n˘a
18.
chıa
19.
T‰i chıa muÂn mua g¤.
20.
T∕ n˘a t‰i muÂn uÂng. 19
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Ten 1.
Vøo lc m`y giÏ?
2.
Vøo lc bÂn giÏ.
3.
Ch {ıÔc m`y chæu?
4.
Chng t‰i chıa {ıÔc chæu nøo.
5.
rıÔu
6.
rıÔu vang
7.
cÂc
8.
hai cÂc rıÔu vang
9.
th’
10.
th∕ch
11.
Ch c th∕ch rıÔu vang kh‰ng?
12.
T‰i cÛng th’.
13.
Hø NÈi
14.
Minh
15.
HÊ Ch∕ Minh
16.
H¿i Y’n
17.
hiŸu √n H¿i Y’n
18.
{¡
19.
Anh ch {¡ {i chıa?
20.
T‰i chıa mua g¤. 20
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Eleven 1.
chË
2.
Ì chË t‰i
3.
ch cho h·i
4.
mıÏi sæu
5.
sæu mıÍi
6.
T‰i Ì {…y m`y ngøy rÊi.
7.
khæch s¬n
8.
Hoøn Ki’m
9.
T‰i Ì khæch s¬n Hoøn Ki’m.
10.
Hoø B¤nh
11.
T‰i ph¿i {i.
12.
T‰i ph¿i {i {’n khæch s¬n Hoø B¤nh.
13.
{ıÏng nøo?
14.
T‰i ph¿i {i {ıÏng nøo?
15.
Anh ph¿i {i {ıÏng kia.
16.
Vøo lc m`y giÏ?
17.
Vøo lc mıÏi mÈt giÏ.
18.
Giæ bao nhi‘u?
19.
[i Hø NÈi b≈ng mæy bay ...
20.
m`t bao l…u? 21
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Twelve 1.
ViŸt Nam
2.
{Êng
3.
ti÷n {Êng
4.
Ch c ti÷n {Êng ViŸt Nam kh‰ng?
5.
{‰-la M˛
6.
nhi÷u ti÷n
7.
mÈt ∕t ti÷n
8.
T‰i c mÈt ∕t ti÷n.
9.
cho t‰i
10.
cho t‰i / chË t‰i
11.
T‰i c th◊ cho ch ...
12.
ba tr√m ngh¤n {Êng.
13.
C {ıÔc kh‰ng?
14.
tr¿
15.
T‰i ph¿i tr¿ bao nhi‘u?
16.
ng…n høng
17.
{Ái
18.
Ch cÀn {Ái bao nhi‘u?
19.
nhi‘u / nhi÷u
20.
Kh‰ng nhi÷u lƒm. 22
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Thirteen 1.
¢ng {¡ √n chıa?
2.
B…y giÏ muÈn rÊi.
3.
chıa muÈn
4.
sÎm
5.
c‡n sÎm
6.
chuyŸn
7.
T‰i muÂn ni chuyŸn.
8.
T‰i muÂn ni chuyŸn vÎi ch.
9.
ch `y
10.
Ch `y cÛng Ì ViŸt Nam.
11.
{nh
12.
B…y giÏ ch `y {nh √n sæng.
13.
√n trıa
14.
T‰i chıa √n.
15.
√n trıa / chıa √n
16.
nhø høng
17.
Nhø høng H¿i Y’n Ì {…u?
18.
Kh‰ng xa.
19.
gÀn lƒm
20.
Ch ni g¤? 23
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Fourteen 1.
th√m
2.
T‰i {nh {i th√m ...
3.
ngıÏi b¬n.
4.
T‰i {nh {i th√m ngıÏi b¬n.
5.
Ngøy mai t‰i {nh {i.
6.
bæo ti’ng ViŸt
7.
Nh…n D…n
8.
{„c
9.
bæo Hø NÈi MÎi
10.
bæo h‰m nay
11.
T‰i c th◊ {„c bæo ti’ng ViŸt.
12.
mua bæo
13.
Bæo h‰m nay mua Ì {…u?
14.
quÀy
15.
quÀy bæo
16.
QuÀy bæo gÀn lƒm.
17.
m`y tÏ bæo
18.
M`y tÏ bæo nøy giæ bao nhi‘u?
19.
r—
20.
Bæo ti’ng ViŸt r— lƒm. 24
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Fifteen 1.
r`t {”p
2.
TrÏi h‰m nay r`t {”p.
3.
r`t ngon
4.
Mn nøy r`t ngon.
5.
r`t cay
6.
phÂ
7.
phÌ
8.
phÌ b‡
9.
phÌ gø
10.
n√m
11.
Nam
12.
n√m / nam
13.
{»c s¿n
14.
C nhø høng {»c s¿n ...
15.
nøo gÀn {…y kh‰ng?
16.
Nhø høng {»c s¿n ...
17.
ngay gÀn {…y.
18.
H‰m qua t‰i mua ...
19.
rıÔu vang Phæp.
20.
Nhø høng c rıÔu vang Phæp. 25
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Sixteen 1.
trø
2.
Chøo ch.
3.
MÏi ch uÂng trø.
4.
Xin mÏi vøo.
5.
r`t vui
6.
løm quen
7.
R`t vui {ıÔc løm quen vÎi ‰ng.
8.
Anh {ıÔc m`y chæu?
9.
Chng t‰i {ıÔc hai chæu.
10.
chng t‰i
11.
chÊng t‰i
12.
chng / chÊng
13.
chæu gæi
14.
chæu trai
15.
Cæc chæu lÎn rÊi.
16.
løm viŸc
17.
Cæc chæu løm viŸc Ì M˛.
18.
Chng t‰i th√m ...
19.
m`y ngıÏi b¬n ...
20.
Ì ViŸt Nam. 26
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Seventeen 1.
bÂn giÏ
2.
B…y giÏ bÂn giÏ rÊi.
3.
Gia {¤nh chng t‰i ...
4.
c bÂn ngıÏi.
5.
B…y giÏ m`y giÏ rÊi?
6.
mæy bay
7.
m`y / mæy
8.
Chng t‰i {i Hø NÈi.
9.
b≈ng mæy bay.
10.
M`t hai ti’ng.
11.
s…n bay
12.
quÂc
13.
quÂc t’ NÈi Bøi
14.
T…n SÍn Nh`t
15.
vœ mæy bay
16.
S…n bay c xa kh‰ng?
17.
s…n / xa
18.
ra s…n bay
19.
T˜ khæch s¬n ra s…n bay {i th’ nøo?
20.
[i b≈ng tƒc-xi. 27
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Eighteen 1.
du lch
2.
{i du lch
3.
vnh H¬ Long
4.
{i tham quan vnh H¬ Long
5.
dch vÙ du lch
6.
s‰ng HÊng
7.
{i tøu tr‘n s‰ng HÊng
8.
{ıÏng
9.
T‰i ph¿i {i {ıÏng nøo?
10.
{i th∆ng
11.
r“ ph¿i
12.
r“ træi
13.
xe ‰ t‰
14.
bu˚t
15.
xe bu˚t
16.
xe mæy
17.
xe ‰m
18.
xe {¬p
19.
x∕ch-l‰
20.
T‰i ph¿i tr¿ bao nhi‘u ti÷n? 28
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Nineteen 1.
{iŸn tho¬i
2.
g„i {iŸn tho¬i
3.
cˆu
4.
c`p cˆu
5.
g„i {iŸn cho c`p cˆu
6.
bŸnh viŸn
7.
bæc s›
8.
Âm
9.
T‰i b Âm.
10.
{i khæm bŸnh
11.
{au bÙng
12.
cm
13.
c¿m l¬nh
14.
uÂng thuÂc
15.
nhø vŸ sinh
16.
Nhø vŸ sinh Ì {…u?
17.
´ gÀn {…y.
18.
Ì r`t xa
19.
løm Ín g„i
20.
Anh løm Ín g„i tƒc-xi cho t‰i. 29
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Twenty 1.
c¯a høng
2.
mÌ c¯a
3.
{ng c¯a
4.
C¯a høng {ng c¯a.
5.
T¬i sao?
6.
si‘u th
7.
Ch muÂn {i chÔ hay {i si‘u th?
8.
T‰i muÂn {i mua {Ê.
9.
hoa qu¿
10.
Chng t‰i {i vÎi nhau.
11.
T‰i {nh {i løm viŸc mÈt m¤nh.
12.
T‰i bŒn quæ!
13.
Ì l¬i {…y m`y tuÀn
14.
{i du lch nhi÷u nÍi
15.
Chng t‰i {i th√m V√n Mi’u.
16.
c l“ tuÀn sau
17.
Chng t‰i {i Hu’ vø Nha Trang.
18.
Chng t‰i c‡n muÂn {i [ø L¬t n˘a.
19.
[`t nıÎc ViŸt Nam {”p lƒm.
20.
Chng t‰i r`t th∕ch ViŸt Nam. 30
PIMSLEUR
®
VIETNAMESE level
1
READING BOOKLET
VIETNAMESE 1 Travelers should always check with their nation's State Department for current advisories on local conditions before traveling abroad.
Booklet Design: Maia Kennedy
© and ‰ Recorded Program 2004 Simon & Schuster, Inc. © Reading Booklet 2004 Simon & Schuster, Inc. Pimsleur® is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA. All rights reserved.
ii
VIETNAMESE 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Voices English-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ray Brown Vietnamese-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . . . . . Khuong Vu Female Vietnamese Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lien Le Male Vietnamese Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . Dr. Binh Nhu Ngo Course Writers Dr. Binh Nhu Ngo Christopher J. Gainty Editors Elizabeth Horber Dr. Ulrike S. Rettig Beverly D. Heinle Executive Producer Beverly D. Heinle Producer & Director Sarah H. McInnis Recording Engineers Peter S. Turpin Kelly Saux
Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA
iii
VIETNAMESE 1 Table of Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Vietnamese Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Words for “You” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Vietnamese Writing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Vietnamese Alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 2 3 3 5 8
Lesson One . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Two . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Three . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Four . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Five . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Six . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Seven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Eight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Nine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Ten. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Eleven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Twelve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Thirteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Fourteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Fifteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Sixteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Seventeen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Eighteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Nineteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson Twenty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
v
VIETNAMESE 1 Introduction Reading has been defined as the decoding of graphic material which represents the phonemic patterns of the spoken lanaguage, or to put it another way, reading consists of coming back to speech through the graphic symbols. In short, meaning is contained in the sounds of the spoken language. As the written form of any language does no more than represent these sounds visually, speaking a language is the necessary first step to reading and understanding anything written in the language. The Vietnamese alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, and many letters seem to be exactly the same as their English counterparts. However, the Vietnamese alphabet represents sounds unique to Vietnamese, and the sound of each letter may differ significantly from what appears to be the same letter in English. Vietnamese letters have symbols attached to them which display a wide range of information, from the correct pitch and tonal motion to the length and quality of the vowels. There are twenty Vietnamese reading lessons. They can all be found at the end of the program. You may choose to do the readings along with the lessons, after every other lessonor so, or you may want to wait and do them all together, after completing the rest of the course. Feel free to repeat the reading lessons as often as needed for practice with the Vietnamese alphabet and its sounds.
VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Language Vietnamese is spoken by some 80 million people in Vietnam and approximately two million Vietnamese overseas. Vietnam is also home to 60 or so smaller ethnic groups who speak indigenous languages. Some Vietnamese speak Russian and / or English, and some older Vietnamese speak French. However, the majority of social, political, and cultural communication in Vietnam is conducted in Vietnamese. The Vietnamese language has three main dialects: northern, central, and southern. The differences between the dialects lie in both the vocabulary and the phonetic system. However, Vietnamese everywhere understand each other despite these differences. This Vietnamese course introduces the contemporary Hanoi (“northern”) dialect, the widely-accepted “standard” Vietnamese. The Hanoi dialect is the one most often used in news broadcasts on national Vietnamese radio and television and in Vietnamese books, newspapers, and magazines.
2
VIETNAMESE 1 Words for “You” The Vietnamese language uses several words for “you,” depending on the gender and age of the person being addressed. In this course, we learn four different words: anh - refers to a man younger than 50, bø - refers to a woman over 50, ch - refers to a woman younger than 50, ‰ng - refers to a man over 50. Other words exist to refer to the very young or very old, but these four will enable you to interact with others effectively in most situations. The Vietnamese Writing System The writing system currently in use in Vietnam is based on the Latin alphabet. The Vietnamese alphabet began as a Romanization of Vietnamese by 17th-century missionaries, but since some Vietnamese sounds have no equivalent in the Latin alphabet, additional letters were created by adding “diacritical marks,” usually to the vowels, to indicate the differences. Before the present writing system, there were two previous Vietnamese writing systems, both of which used ideograms based on Chinese characters. Neither of these is used in contemporary Vietnam. The French governor general issued 3
VIETNAMESE 1 a decree to use the Romanized alphabet exclusively in 1910. When Vietnam became independent in 1945, Ho Chi Minh’s government continued the policy of using the Romanized alphabet exclusively. You will find the Vietnamese alphabet starting on page 7, along with a guide to the sounds represented by each letter. Note that some Vietnamese letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word or combination with other letters. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in mind that these equivalents are just approximations. You should use this list for reference only, as all the information you need to complete the readings is contained at the end of the program. Please refer to the audio of the Readings to hear the authentic sounds.
4
VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Alphabet Letter
Sound
a
the “a” in “father”
√
the “u” in “hut”
…
like √, except that the sound is longer
b
(as in English)
c
somewhere between a “k” and a hard “g”
d
the “z” in “zebra”
{
a cross between an English “t” and “d”
e
like the “eah” in “yeah”
‘ g
the “œ” in resumé, or “ay” in “play” when followed by “i” sounds like “z”; otherwise rolling “r” or “rh”
h
(as in English)
i
the “i” in “sing”
k
like the Vietnamese “c”
l
(as in English)
m
(as in English)
n
(as in English)
o
like the word “awe” 5
VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Alphabet Letter
Sound
‰
the o in “go”
Í
the English schwa sound, like the a in “alone”
p
(as in English)
q
(as in English)
r
like the English z
s
(as in English)
t
like the t in “tin”
u
the oo in “boot”
ı
like the i in “live” and “pin”
v
(as in English)
x
the ss in “address”
y
ee when at the beginning of the word Combinations
Letter
Sound
ao
the ow sound in the word “gown”
au
like the Vietnamese ao 6
VIETNAMESE 1 The Vietnamese Alphabet Letter
Sound
…u
like oh
ay
like eye
ch
like ch as in “chair” when at the beginning of a word; like k when at the end of the word
kh
like the h in “hum,” but more guttural
ng
like the ng in “sing”
ngh nh
like the Vietnamese ng (the h is silent in this combination) like the Vietnamese ng when at the end of a word; like the ni in “onion” when at the beginning of a word
oa
like the wa in “water”
oai
like "why"
ph
as in the English word “phone”
qu
somewhere between the qu in “quack” and the gu in “Guatemala”
th
like the English t
tr
like the ch in “chair”
uai
like "why"
uay
like “way” 7
VIETNAMESE 1 Tones Vietnamese is a “tonal language,” where changes in the pitch level of a word signal a change in meaning. Vietnamese has six different tones, all of which, except for the mid-level tone, are denoted by diacritic marks. These are shown in the chart on the next page, shown with the letter “a.” English Name
Mark (shown with “a”)
High-rising æ Starts slightly higher than mid-level and rises sharply Low-falling ø Starts slightly lower than mid-level, and trails downward toward the bottom of the vocal range Mid-level a <none> Starts at the mid-point of the speaker’s vocal range, and remains stable and constant during the pronunciation of the syllable Low-falling-rising ¿ Starts slightly lower than mid-level, drops abruptly, and is then followed by a sweeping rise at the end of the syllable
8
VIETNAMESE 1 High-rising broken ¡ Starts as high as the High-rising tone, breaks, then rises and stops abruptly Low-falling broken ¬ Starts as low as the Low-falling tone and then drops off very sharply When a letter includes both an accent and a tonal marker, the tonal marker appears above the accent mark, except for the Low-falling broken tone which appears as a dot below the letter. To illustrate, the six tones are shown below with the letter “√.” ƒ
≈
√
∆
9
«
»
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VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson One 1.
ba
2.
bø
3.
lø
4.
to
5.
c‰
6.
t‰i
7.
c‡n
8.
C‡n bø?
9.
‰ng
10.
‰ng bø
11.
anh
12.
anh lø
13.
kh‰ng
14.
Ín
15.
v…ng
16.
{i
17.
chøo
18.
Chøo bø.
19.
ba bia
20.
Chøo bø, t‰i {i. 11
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Two 1.
con
2.
C‡n ‰ng?
3.
c
4.
c / c‡n
5.
khæ
6.
lƒm
7.
khæ lƒm
8.
cæm Ín
9.
Cæm Ín anh.
10.
thønh phÂ
11.
thÏi gian
12.
ti’ng
13.
ti’ng Anh
14.
t‰i ni
15.
t‰i ni ti’ng Anh.
16.
muÂn
17.
uÂng
18.
T‰i kh‰ng muÂn uÂng.
19.
vÎi bø
20.
b≈ng ti’ng Anh 12
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Three 1.
t‰i c
2.
anh c
3.
nhi‘u
4.
Bao nhi‘u?
5.
Anh c bao nhi‘u?
6.
ph¿i
7.
hi◊u
8.
T‰i hi◊u.
9.
Bø kh‰ng hi◊u.
10.
Bø kh‰ng hi◊u ti’ng Anh.
11.
¢ng c hi◊u kh‰ng?
12.
Kh‰ng. T‰i kh‰ng hi◊u.
13.
khæ lƒm
14.
T‰i hi◊u kh‰ng khæ lƒm.
15.
kho—
16.
¢ng c kho— kh‰ng?
17.
T‰i kho— lƒm.
18.
T‰i kho— lƒm, cæm Ín ‰ng.
19.
Kh‰ng kho— lƒm.
20.
¢ng kh‰ng hi◊u. 13
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Four 1.
ti’ng
2.
b≈ng ti’ng Anh
3.
nga
4.
ngıÏi
5.
b¿y
6.
b¿y ngıÏi
7.
M˛
8.
ngıÏi M˛
9.
T‰i lø ngıÏi M˛.
10.
bø kh‰ng ph¿i lø
11.
Bø kh‰ng ph¿i lø ngıÏi M˛.
12.
{…y
13.
Ì {…y
14.
Ì {`y
15.
ngh›a
16.
ti÷n
17.
Trøng Ti÷n
18.
ph Trøng Ti÷n
19.
Ph Trøng Ti÷n kh‰ng ph¿i Ì {…y.
20.
Ngh›a lø g¤? 14
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Five 1.
h·i
2.
cho
3.
anh cho h·i
4.
anh c ph¿i lø
5.
Anh c ph¿i lø ngıÏi M˛ kh‰ng?
6.
Ì {…u
7.
l…u
8.
Bao l…u?
9.
∕t
10.
mÈt
11.
ViŸt
12.
ngıÏi ViŸt
13.
T‰i hi◊u ti’ng ViŸt.
14.
Ch lø ngıÏi ViŸt.
15.
T‰i kh‰ng ph¿i lø ngıÏi ViŸt.
16.
mÈt ∕t
17.
T‰i hi◊u mÈt ∕t ti’ng ViŸt.
18.
ngh›
19.
b¬n
20.
NgıÏi b¬n Ì M˛. 15
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Six 1.
sao
2.
xa
3.
xa lƒm
4.
lËi
5.
xin
6.
Xin lËi ch.
7.
bi’t
8.
T‰i bi’t ti’ng ViŸt.
9.
T‰i ni mÈt ∕t.
10.
[¬o
11.
Hıng
12.
TrÀn
13.
ph TrÀn Hıng [¬o
14.
Ph TrÀn Hıng [¬o Ì {…u?
15.
bæo M˛
16.
bæo ViŸt
17.
mÌ c¯a
18.
c¯a høng
19.
Cæc c¯a høng c mÌ c¯a kh‰ng?
20.
T‰i kh‰ng bi’t. 16
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Seven 1.
hay
2.
hai
3.
hay / hai
4.
hai hay ba?
5.
mıÍi
6.
tı
7.
hai mıÍi tı
8.
hay hai mıÍi mÂt?
9.
T‰i c mÈt ∕t.
10.
sau {
11.
sæu mıÍi mÂt
12.
sæu mıÍi ch∕n
13.
mıÏi sæu
14.
mıÏi sæu / sæu mıÍi
15.
ngøy
16.
ngøy mai
17.
ngh¤n
18.
hiŸu √n
19.
HiŸu √n Ì {…u?
20.
T‰i kh‰ng hi◊u. 17
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Eight 1.
mai
2.
tÂi mai
3.
tÂi nay
4.
T‰i muÂn Ì l¬i.
5.
T‰i muÂn Ì l¬i {`y.
6.
m`y ngøy
7.
hai ngøy
8.
T¬i sao?
9.
cæi
10.
g¤
11.
cæi g¤ {
12.
t‰i muÂn mua
13.
T‰i muÂn {i mua cæi g¤ {.
14.
Anh muÂn {i mua g¤?
15.
giÏ
16.
Bao giÏ?
17.
m`y
18.
Vøo lc m`y giÏ?
19.
bÂn giÏ hay n√m giÏ
20.
B…y giÏ n√m giÏ. 18
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Nine 1.
Ì {≈ng kia
2.
Ai Ì {≈ng kia?
3.
VÔ t‰i Ì {≈ng kia.
4.
chÊng ch
5.
sæng h‰m qua
6.
‰ng `y
7.
¢ng `y {i Søi G‡n.
8.
b≈ng mæy bay
9.
Ch muÂn {i mua g¤?
10.
muÈn
11.
muÈn hÍn
12.
ch muÂn / muÈn hÍn
13.
muÈn quæ
14.
rÊi
15.
B…y giÏ m`y giÏ rÊi?
16.
B…y giÏ b¿y giÏ.
17.
t∕ n˘a
18.
chıa
19.
T‰i chıa muÂn mua g¤.
20.
T∕ n˘a t‰i muÂn uÂng. 19
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Ten 1.
Vøo lc m`y giÏ?
2.
Vøo lc bÂn giÏ.
3.
Ch {ıÔc m`y chæu?
4.
Chng t‰i chıa {ıÔc chæu nøo.
5.
rıÔu
6.
rıÔu vang
7.
cÂc
8.
hai cÂc rıÔu vang
9.
th’
10.
th∕ch
11.
Ch c th∕ch rıÔu vang kh‰ng?
12.
T‰i cÛng th’.
13.
Hø NÈi
14.
Minh
15.
HÊ Ch∕ Minh
16.
H¿i Y’n
17.
hiŸu √n H¿i Y’n
18.
{¡
19.
Anh ch {¡ {i chıa?
20.
T‰i chıa mua g¤. 20
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Eleven 1.
chË
2.
Ì chË t‰i
3.
ch cho h·i
4.
mıÏi sæu
5.
sæu mıÍi
6.
T‰i Ì {…y m`y ngøy rÊi.
7.
khæch s¬n
8.
Hoøn Ki’m
9.
T‰i Ì khæch s¬n Hoøn Ki’m.
10.
Hoø B¤nh
11.
T‰i ph¿i {i.
12.
T‰i ph¿i {i {’n khæch s¬n Hoø B¤nh.
13.
{ıÏng nøo?
14.
T‰i ph¿i {i {ıÏng nøo?
15.
Anh ph¿i {i {ıÏng kia.
16.
Vøo lc m`y giÏ?
17.
Vøo lc mıÏi mÈt giÏ.
18.
Giæ bao nhi‘u?
19.
[i Hø NÈi b≈ng mæy bay ...
20.
m`t bao l…u? 21
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Twelve 1.
ViŸt Nam
2.
{Êng
3.
ti÷n {Êng
4.
Ch c ti÷n {Êng ViŸt Nam kh‰ng?
5.
{‰-la M˛
6.
nhi÷u ti÷n
7.
mÈt ∕t ti÷n
8.
T‰i c mÈt ∕t ti÷n.
9.
cho t‰i
10.
cho t‰i / chË t‰i
11.
T‰i c th◊ cho ch ...
12.
ba tr√m ngh¤n {Êng.
13.
C {ıÔc kh‰ng?
14.
tr¿
15.
T‰i ph¿i tr¿ bao nhi‘u?
16.
ng…n høng
17.
{Ái
18.
Ch cÀn {Ái bao nhi‘u?
19.
nhi‘u / nhi÷u
20.
Kh‰ng nhi÷u lƒm. 22
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Thirteen 1.
¢ng {¡ √n chıa?
2.
B…y giÏ muÈn rÊi.
3.
chıa muÈn
4.
sÎm
5.
c‡n sÎm
6.
chuyŸn
7.
T‰i muÂn ni chuyŸn.
8.
T‰i muÂn ni chuyŸn vÎi ch.
9.
ch `y
10.
Ch `y cÛng Ì ViŸt Nam.
11.
{nh
12.
B…y giÏ ch `y {nh √n sæng.
13.
√n trıa
14.
T‰i chıa √n.
15.
√n trıa / chıa √n
16.
nhø høng
17.
Nhø høng H¿i Y’n Ì {…u?
18.
Kh‰ng xa.
19.
gÀn lƒm
20.
Ch ni g¤? 23
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Fourteen 1.
th√m
2.
T‰i {nh {i th√m ...
3.
ngıÏi b¬n.
4.
T‰i {nh {i th√m ngıÏi b¬n.
5.
Ngøy mai t‰i {nh {i.
6.
bæo ti’ng ViŸt
7.
Nh…n D…n
8.
{„c
9.
bæo Hø NÈi MÎi
10.
bæo h‰m nay
11.
T‰i c th◊ {„c bæo ti’ng ViŸt.
12.
mua bæo
13.
Bæo h‰m nay mua Ì {…u?
14.
quÀy
15.
quÀy bæo
16.
QuÀy bæo gÀn lƒm.
17.
m`y tÏ bæo
18.
M`y tÏ bæo nøy giæ bao nhi‘u?
19.
r—
20.
Bæo ti’ng ViŸt r— lƒm. 24
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Fifteen 1.
r`t {”p
2.
TrÏi h‰m nay r`t {”p.
3.
r`t ngon
4.
Mn nøy r`t ngon.
5.
r`t cay
6.
phÂ
7.
phÌ
8.
phÌ b‡
9.
phÌ gø
10.
n√m
11.
Nam
12.
n√m / nam
13.
{»c s¿n
14.
C nhø høng {»c s¿n ...
15.
nøo gÀn {…y kh‰ng?
16.
Nhø høng {»c s¿n ...
17.
ngay gÀn {…y.
18.
H‰m qua t‰i mua ...
19.
rıÔu vang Phæp.
20.
Nhø høng c rıÔu vang Phæp. 25
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Sixteen 1.
trø
2.
Chøo ch.
3.
MÏi ch uÂng trø.
4.
Xin mÏi vøo.
5.
r`t vui
6.
løm quen
7.
R`t vui {ıÔc løm quen vÎi ‰ng.
8.
Anh {ıÔc m`y chæu?
9.
Chng t‰i {ıÔc hai chæu.
10.
chng t‰i
11.
chÊng t‰i
12.
chng / chÊng
13.
chæu gæi
14.
chæu trai
15.
Cæc chæu lÎn rÊi.
16.
løm viŸc
17.
Cæc chæu løm viŸc Ì M˛.
18.
Chng t‰i th√m ...
19.
m`y ngıÏi b¬n ...
20.
Ì ViŸt Nam. 26
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Seventeen 1.
bÂn giÏ
2.
B…y giÏ bÂn giÏ rÊi.
3.
Gia {¤nh chng t‰i ...
4.
c bÂn ngıÏi.
5.
B…y giÏ m`y giÏ rÊi?
6.
mæy bay
7.
m`y / mæy
8.
Chng t‰i {i Hø NÈi.
9.
b≈ng mæy bay.
10.
M`t hai ti’ng.
11.
s…n bay
12.
quÂc
13.
quÂc t’ NÈi Bøi
14.
T…n SÍn Nh`t
15.
vœ mæy bay
16.
S…n bay c xa kh‰ng?
17.
s…n / xa
18.
ra s…n bay
19.
T˜ khæch s¬n ra s…n bay {i th’ nøo?
20.
[i b≈ng tƒc-xi. 27
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Eighteen 1.
du lch
2.
{i du lch
3.
vnh H¬ Long
4.
{i tham quan vnh H¬ Long
5.
dch vÙ du lch
6.
s‰ng HÊng
7.
{i tøu tr‘n s‰ng HÊng
8.
{ıÏng
9.
T‰i ph¿i {i {ıÏng nøo?
10.
{i th∆ng
11.
r“ ph¿i
12.
r“ træi
13.
xe ‰ t‰
14.
bu˚t
15.
xe bu˚t
16.
xe mæy
17.
xe ‰m
18.
xe {¬p
19.
x∕ch-l‰
20.
T‰i ph¿i tr¿ bao nhi‘u ti÷n? 28
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Nineteen 1.
{iŸn tho¬i
2.
g„i {iŸn tho¬i
3.
cˆu
4.
c`p cˆu
5.
g„i {iŸn cho c`p cˆu
6.
bŸnh viŸn
7.
bæc s›
8.
Âm
9.
T‰i b Âm.
10.
{i khæm bŸnh
11.
{au bÙng
12.
cm
13.
c¿m l¬nh
14.
uÂng thuÂc
15.
nhø vŸ sinh
16.
Nhø vŸ sinh Ì {…u?
17.
´ gÀn {…y.
18.
Ì r`t xa
19.
løm Ín g„i
20.
Anh løm Ín g„i tƒc-xi cho t‰i. 29
VIETNAMESE 1 Lesson Twenty 1.
c¯a høng
2.
mÌ c¯a
3.
{ng c¯a
4.
C¯a høng {ng c¯a.
5.
T¬i sao?
6.
si‘u th
7.
Ch muÂn {i chÔ hay {i si‘u th?
8.
T‰i muÂn {i mua {Ê.
9.
hoa qu¿
10.
Chng t‰i {i vÎi nhau.
11.
T‰i {nh {i løm viŸc mÈt m¤nh.
12.
T‰i bŒn quæ!
13.
Ì l¬i {…y m`y tuÀn
14.
{i du lch nhi÷u nÍi
15.
Chng t‰i {i th√m V√n Mi’u.
16.
c l“ tuÀn sau
17.
Chng t‰i {i Hu’ vø Nha Trang.
18.
Chng t‰i c‡n muÂn {i [ø L¬t n˘a.
19.
[`t nıÎc ViŸt Nam {”p lƒm.
20.
Chng t‰i r`t th∕ch ViŸt Nam. 30
