World History Grade 10
World History Grade 10 Q 4 W4 C1 The English Civil War and The Glorious Revolution
Section objectives 1- Understand the basics of English civil war and how revolution in England brought England closer to democracy with a constitutional Monarchy 2-Understand the causes and effects of the American war of Independence and its major documents 3-Understand (in some detail) the causes, course and effects of the French Revolution 4-Connect how Enlightenment ideas were central to these revolutions
English Civil War- Causes 1642 - 1660
The main cause of civil war
WAR!
King Charles I of England wanted absolute power
Parliament wanted more control and less power with the king
Main causes 1- King Charles wanted total power, parliament wanted less power for king and more for people 2- The English thought Charles was trying to bring back Catholicism and they were very angry at changes he made 3- The Scottish rebelled in 1639 and Charles had to raise an expensive army to stop them 4- Charles didn’t allow parliament for over 10 years and only called them to raise money for his army. Parliament were very angry.
English Civil War- Course 1642 - 1660
Course 1- War started 1642 between Royal army and Parliamentary army led by Oliver Cromwell 2- Cromwell led the New Model Army, one of Europe’s first fully professional armies to fight 2- In 1649, king Charles was captured and beheaded for crimes against the people 3- Cromwell became a dictator until 1660 when Parliament made Charles II king of England 4- The Monarchy was restored but only on the condition that the new king gave Parliament more control
New Model Army- Professional Musketeers, Pikemen and Cavalry
English Civil War- Effects 1642 - 1660
Main Effects of Civil war- The Glorious Revolution 1- Parliament’s control increased, king’s control decreased 2- People felt they could challenge kings who turned against them 3- Increased religious division between Catholics and Protestants 4- England moved away from divine right of kings and towards a constitutional monarchy
The Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights 1688 -1689
Catholic James II
VS
Protestant William of Orange
The Glorious Revolution 1688 1- James II became king in 1685, but he was Catholic not Protestant 2- He tried to promote Catholic religion, people didn’ t like this at all 3- Parliament invited a Protestant from the Netherlands (who had claim on English throne) to come to England and be their king. William of Orange 4- 1688, William invaded and defeated James II 5- Parliament made him king on one condition...
English Bill of rights 1689 William had to accept the Bill of Rights which included: 1- Document, based on Magna Carta, listing rights of Parliament and people 2- It limited the king’s power much more 3- It allowed parliament to pass laws and raise taxes 4- Free speech for Parliament members 5- No cruel or unusual punishment 6- Parliaments should be held regularly 7- No army raised without Parliament’s agreement 8- Protestants had right to own weapons for defense
Why is the English Bill of Rights so important?
English Bill of Rights importance -It led to England becoming a constitutional monarchy instead of Absolute monarchy -It was a huge influence on later enlightenment thinkers -It was a huge influence on other major documents like the American Declaration of Independence (1776) and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man (1793)
Section objectives 1- Understand the basics of English civil war and how revolution in England brought England closer to democracy with a constitutional Monarchy 2-Understand the causes and effects of the American war of Independence and its major documents 3-Understand (in some detail) the causes, course and effects of the French Revolution 4-Connect how Enlightenment ideas were central to these revolutions
English Civil War- Causes 1642 - 1660
The main cause of civil war
WAR!
King Charles I of England wanted absolute power
Parliament wanted more control and less power with the king
Main causes 1- King Charles wanted total power, parliament wanted less power for king and more for people 2- The English thought Charles was trying to bring back Catholicism and they were very angry at changes he made 3- The Scottish rebelled in 1639 and Charles had to raise an expensive army to stop them 4- Charles didn’t allow parliament for over 10 years and only called them to raise money for his army. Parliament were very angry.
English Civil War- Course 1642 - 1660
Course 1- War started 1642 between Royal army and Parliamentary army led by Oliver Cromwell 2- Cromwell led the New Model Army, one of Europe’s first fully professional armies to fight 2- In 1649, king Charles was captured and beheaded for crimes against the people 3- Cromwell became a dictator until 1660 when Parliament made Charles II king of England 4- The Monarchy was restored but only on the condition that the new king gave Parliament more control
New Model Army- Professional Musketeers, Pikemen and Cavalry
English Civil War- Effects 1642 - 1660
Main Effects of Civil war- The Glorious Revolution 1- Parliament’s control increased, king’s control decreased 2- People felt they could challenge kings who turned against them 3- Increased religious division between Catholics and Protestants 4- England moved away from divine right of kings and towards a constitutional monarchy
The Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights 1688 -1689
Catholic James II
VS
Protestant William of Orange
The Glorious Revolution 1688 1- James II became king in 1685, but he was Catholic not Protestant 2- He tried to promote Catholic religion, people didn’ t like this at all 3- Parliament invited a Protestant from the Netherlands (who had claim on English throne) to come to England and be their king. William of Orange 4- 1688, William invaded and defeated James II 5- Parliament made him king on one condition...
English Bill of rights 1689 William had to accept the Bill of Rights which included: 1- Document, based on Magna Carta, listing rights of Parliament and people 2- It limited the king’s power much more 3- It allowed parliament to pass laws and raise taxes 4- Free speech for Parliament members 5- No cruel or unusual punishment 6- Parliaments should be held regularly 7- No army raised without Parliament’s agreement 8- Protestants had right to own weapons for defense
Why is the English Bill of Rights so important?
English Bill of Rights importance -It led to England becoming a constitutional monarchy instead of Absolute monarchy -It was a huge influence on later enlightenment thinkers -It was a huge influence on other major documents like the American Declaration of Independence (1776) and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man (1793)
