Preparing for Advanced Algebra Advanced Algebra - SLIDEBLAST.COM

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Preparing for Advanced Algebra Get Started On Chapter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P2

Pretest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P3 Representing Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P4

0-2

FOIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P6

0-3

Factoring Polynomials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P7

0-4

Counting Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P9

0-5

Adding Probabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P13

0-6

Multiplying Probabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P16

0-7

Congruent and Similar Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P20

0-8

The Pythagorean Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P22

0-9

Measures of Center, Spread, and Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P24

Table of Contents

0-1

Ed Freeman/Stone/Getty Images

Posttest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P29

c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com Vocabulary p. P4

Your Digital Math Portal Multilingual eGlossary

Personal Tutor

Foldables

p. P6

p. P2

p. P2

i

Unit 1

|

Linear Relations and Functions

Equations and Inequalities Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1-1 Expressions and Formulas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

A.SSE.1.a, A.SSE.1.b

1-2 Properties of Real Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

A.SSE.2

1-3 Solving Equations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

A.CED.1

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 1-4 Solving Absolute Value Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

A.SSE.1.b, A.CED.1

1-5 Solving Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

A.CED.1, A.CED.3

Explore: Algebra Lab Interval Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

1-6 Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

A.CED.1, A.CED.3

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 Standardized Test Practice, Chapter 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Jon Boyes/Photographer’s Choice/Getty Images

c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com

Your Digital Math Portal

Animation

Vocabulary

pp. 12, 84

pp. 5, 69

Multilingual eGlossary pp. 4, 60

ii

Personal Tutor pp. 6, 63

Unit 1

|

Linear Relations and Functions

Linear Relations and Functions Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

2-1 Relations and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 Extend: Algebra Lab Discrete and Continuous Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

2-2 Linear Relations and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 Extend: Algebra Lab Roots of Equations and Zeros of Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

2-3 Rate of Change and Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 2-4 Writing Linear Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Direct Variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

F.IF.4, F.IF.5 F.IF.4 F.IF.4, F.IF.9 F.IF.4 F.IF.4, F.IF.6 A.SSE.1.b, A.CED.2 F.IF.4

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 2-5 Scatter Plots and Lines of Regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

F.IF.4

Extend: Algebra Lab Correlation and Causation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

F.IF.4

2-6 Special Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Families of Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Roine Magnusson/Photodisc/Getty Images

2-7 Parent Functions and Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 2-8 Graphing Linear and Absolute Value Inequalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

F.IF.4, F.IF.7.b

F.BF.3 F.IF.4, F.BF.3 A.CED.3

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Virtual Manipulatives

Graphing Calculator

pp. 28, 61

p. 90

Foldables pp. 4, 60

Self-Check Practice pp. 7, 127

iii

Unit 1

|

Linear Relations and Functions

Systems of Equations and Inequalities Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Intersections of Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

3-1 Solving Systems of Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

A.CED.3, A.REI.11

3-2 Solving Systems of Inequalities by Graphing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

A.CED.3

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Systems of Linear Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

3-3 Optimization with Linear Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

A.CED.3

3-4 Systems of Equations in Three Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

A.CED.3

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Explore: Spreadsheet Lab Organizing Data with Matrices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

3-5 Operations with Matrices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 3-6 Multiplying Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Operations with Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

3-7 Solving Systems of Equations Using Cramer’s Rule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

A.CED.3

3-8 Solving Systems of Equations Using Inverse Matrices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

A.CED.3 DreamPictures/Blend Images/Getty Images

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Augmented Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com

Your Digital Math Portal

Animation

Vocabulary

pp. 146, 247

pp. 206, 290

Multilingual eGlossary pp. 134, 218

iv

Personal Tutor pp. 136, 222

Unit 2

|

Quadratic, Polynomial, and Radical Functions and Relations

Quadratic Functions Functions Quadratic and Relations Relations and Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

4-1 Graphing Quadratic Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Modeling Real-World Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

4-2 Solving Quadratic Equations by Graphing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Quadratic Equations by Graphing . . . . . . . . 237

A.SSE.1.a, F.IF.9 F.IF.4 A.CED.2, F.IF.4 A.REI.11

4-3 Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

A.SSE.2, F.IF.8.a

4-4 Complex Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

N.CN.1, N.CN.2

Extend: Algebra Lab The Complex Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 4-5 Completing the Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Quadratic Equations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

4-6 The Quadratic Formula and the Discriminant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Families of Parabolas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

4-7 Transformations of Quadratic Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 Extend: Algebra Lab Quadratics and Rate of Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Black 100/Allsport Concepts/Getty Images

4-8 Quadratic Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

N.CN.7, F.IF.8.a N.CN.7 N.CN.7, A.SSE.1.b F.IF.4, F.BF.3 F.IF.8.a, F.BF.3 F.IF.4, F.IF.6 A.CED.1, A.CED.3

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Modeling Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298

Virtual Manipulatives

Graphing Calculator

pp. 137, 219

pp. 205, 237

Foldables pp. 134, 218

Self-Check Practice pp. 183, 295

v

Unit 2 1

|

FoundationsPolynomial, Quadratic, for Functions and Radical Functions and Relations

5

Polynomialsand and Polynomials P PolynomialFunctions Functions Polynomial P Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

5-1 Operations with Polynomials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

A.APR.1

Extend: Algebra Lab Dimensional Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

5-2 Dividing Polynomials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

A.APR.6

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Dividing Polynomials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

A.APR.6

Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Power Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

F.IF.4

5-3 Polynomial Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

F.IF.4, F.IF.7.c

5-4 Analyzing Graphs of Polynomial Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

F.IF.4, F.IF.7.c

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Modeling Data Using Polynomial Functions . . . . . . 338

F.IF.4, F.IF.7.c

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Polynomial Equations by Graphing . . . . . . 341

5-5 Solving Polynomial Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342

A.CED.1

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Polynomial Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

A.REI.11

5-6 The Remainder and Factor Theorems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

A.APR.2, F.IF.7.c

5-7 Roots and Zeros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358

N.CN.9, A.APR.3

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Analyzing Polynomial Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

A.APR.4

5-8 Rational Zero Theorem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com

Your Digital Math Portal Vocabulary

pp. 306, 387

pp. 303, 400

Multilingual eGlossary pp. 302, 384

vi

Personal Tutor pp. 304, 386

Photodisc/Getty Images

Animation

Unit 2

|

Quadratic, Polynomial, and Radical Functions and Relations

6

I Inverses and Radical F Functions and Relations Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

6-1 Operations on Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

F.IF.9, F.BF.1.b

6-2 Inverse Functions and Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

F.IF.4, F.BF.4.a

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Inverse Functions and Relations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

6-3 Square Root Functions and Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

F.IF.7.b, F.BF.3

6-4 nth Roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407

A.SSE.2

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Graphing nth Root Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

F.IF.7.b, F.BF.3

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 6-5 Operations with Radical Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

A.SSE.2

6-6 Rational Exponents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 6-7 Solving Radical Equations and Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Radical Equations and Inequalities. . . . . . . 436

A.REI.2 A.REI.2, A.REI.11

Stockbyte/Getty Images

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446

Virtual Manipulatives

Graphing Calculator

p. 331

pp. 338, 436

Foldables pp. 302, 384

Self-Check Practice pp. 326, 443

vii

Unit 3 1

|

Foundations Advanced Functions for Functions and Relations

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions and Relations Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449

7-1 Graphing Exponential Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451 Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Exponential Equations and Inequalities . . . 459

F.IF.7.e, F.IF.8.b A.REI.11

7-2 Solving Exponential Equations and Inequalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

A.CED.1, F.LE.4

7-3 Logarithms and Logarithmic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468

F.IF.7.e, F.BF.3

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Choosing the Best Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476

7-4 Solving Logarithmic Equations and Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478

A.SSE.2, A.CED.1

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484 7-5 Properties of Logarithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485

A.CED.1

7-6 Common Logarithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492

A.CED.1

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Logarithmic Equations and Inequalities . . . 499

A.REI.11

7-7 Base e and Natural Logarithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

A.SSE.2

Explore: Spreadsheet Lab Compound Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508

7-8 Using Exponential and Logarithmic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

F.IF.8.b, F.LE.4 F.BF.1.b

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524

c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com

Your Digital Math Portal Vocabulary

pp. 453, 532

pp. 517, 581

Multilingual eGlossary pp. 450, 528

viii

Personal Tutor pp. 455, 531

Purestock/Getty Images

Animation

Unit 3

|

Advanced Functions and Relations

Rational Functions and Relations Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527

8-1 Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529

A.APR.7

8-2 Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538

A.APR.7

8-3 Graphing Reciprocal Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545

A.CED.2, F.BF.3

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552 8-4 Graphing Rational Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553

A.CED.2, F.IF.9

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Graphing Rational Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561

8-5 Variation Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562

A.CED.2

8-6 Solving Rational Equations and Inequalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570

A.CED.1, A.REI.2

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Rational Equations and Inequalities . . . . . . 579

A.REI.2, A.REI.11

Image Source/Masterfile

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585 Preparing for Standardized Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588

Virtual Manipulatives

Graphing Calculator

pp. 451, 557

pp. 516, 579

Foldables pp. 450, 528

Self-Check Practice pp. 464, 585

ix

Unit 3 1

|

Foundations Advanced Functions for Functions and Relations

Conic Sections Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591

9-1

Midpoint and Distance Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593

A.CED.4

9-2

Parabolas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599

A.SSE.1.b, A.CED.2

Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Equations of Circles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606

9-3

Circles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607

A.SSE.1.b, A.CED.4

Explore: Algebra Lab Investigating Ellipses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614

9-4

Ellipses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615

A.SSE.1.b, A.CED.2

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623 9-5

Hyperbolas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624

A.SSE.1.b, A.CED.2

9-6

Identifying Conic Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632

A.SSE.1.b, F.IF.9

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Analyzing Quadratic Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637 Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Linear-Nonlinear Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639

9-7

Solving Linear-Nonlinear Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640

A.REI.11

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651 Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654

Your Digital Math Portal

Animation

Vocabulary

pp. 641, 659

pp. 599, 710

Multilingual eGlossary pp. 592, 658

x

Personal Tutor pp. 600, 660

Brand X Pictures/PunchStock

c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com

Unit 4

|

Discrete Mathematics

Sequences and Sequences and Series Series Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657

10-1

Sequences as Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659

F.IF.4

10-2

Arithmetic Sequences and Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666

A.CED.4

10-3

Geometric Sequences and Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674

A.SSE.4

Explore: Algebra Lab Area Under a Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681

10-4

Infinite Geometric Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683 Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691 10-5

Recursion and Iteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692 Extend: Spreadsheet Lab Amortizing Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698

10-6

Martin Child/Photodisc/Getty Images

10-7

The Binomial Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699

A.APR.5

Extend: Algebra Lab Combinations and Pascal’s Triangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704

A.APR.5

Proof by Mathematical Induction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705

A.SSE.1.b, A.APR.5

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715 Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718

Virtual Manipulatives

Graphing Calculator

pp. 594, 681

pp. 639, 690

Foldables pp. 592, 658

Self-Check Practice pp. 603, 715

xi

Unit 4 1

|

Foundations Discrete Mathematics for Functions

Statistics and Probability Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721

11-1

Designing a Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723

S.IC.3, S.IC.5

Extend: Graphing Technology Lab Simulations and Margin of Error. . . . . . . . . . . . . 731

S.IC.4, S.IC.6

11-2

Distributions of Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733

S.IC.1

11-3

Probability Distributions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742

S.MD.7

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751 11-4

The Binomial Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752

S.MD.6, S.MD.7

11-5

The Normal Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760

S.ID.4

Extend: Spreadsheet Lab Normal Approximation of Binomial Distributions . . . . . . . 767

S.ID.4

11-6

Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769

S.IC.1, S.IC.4

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781 Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 784

c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com

Your Digital Math Portal Vocabulary

pp. 720, 799

pp. 742, 859

Multilingual eGlossary pp. 722, 788

xii

Personal Tutor pp. 724, 789

MIXA/Getty Images

Animation

Unit 5

|

Trigonometry

Trigonometric Functions Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787 Explore: Spreadsheet Lab Investigating Special Right Triangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789

12-1

Trigonometric Functions in Right Triangles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790

12-2

Angles and Angle Measure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799

F.TF.1

Extend: Geometry Lab Areas of Parallelograms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 806

12-3

Trigonometric Functions of General Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807

12-4

Law of Sines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814 Extend: Geometry Lab Regular Polygons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822

12-5

Law of Cosines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823 Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829

12-6

Circular and Periodic Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830

F.TF.1, F.TF.2

12-7

Graphing Trigonometric Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837

F.IF.7.e, F.TF.5

Dennis Welsh/UpperCut Images/Getty Images

Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Trigonometric Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 844

F.BF.3

12-8

Translations of Trigonometric Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845

F.IF.7.e, F.BF.3

12-9

Inverse Trigonometric Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853

A.CED.2

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865 Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868

Virtual Manipulatives

Graphing Calculator

pp. 737, 822

pp. 731, 844

Foldables pp. 722, 788

Self-Check Practice pp. 738, 865

xiii

Unit 5 1

|

Foundations for Functions Trigonometry

Trigonometric Identities and Equations Mathematical Content

Get Ready for Chapter 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871

13-1

Trigonometric Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873

F.TF.8

13-2

Verifying Trigonometric Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880

F.TF.8

13-3

Sum and Difference of Angles Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 886

F.TF.8

Mid-Chapter Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892 13-4

Double-Angle and Half-Angle Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893

F.TF.8

Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Solving Trigonometric Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . 900

13-5

Solving Trigonometric Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901

F.TF.8

Assessment Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 908 Practice Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 911 Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914

Maria Teijeiro/Photodisc/Getty Images

c connectED.mcgraw-hill.com Animation

Vocabulary

p. 870

p. 873

Your Digital Math Portal Multilingual eGlossary p. 872

xiv v

Personal Tutor p. 875

Graphing Calculator p. 900

Foldables p. 872

Self-Check Practice p. 897

Student Handbook Contents How to Use the Student Handbook

Rubberball/Getty Images

Extra Practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R1 Selected Answers and Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .R14 Glossary/Glosario. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R124 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R149 Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inside Back Cover Symbols and Parent Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inside Back Cover

xv