IL1 SpanishPower
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1
Paso Uno Pronunciation
Please play your audio marked Lesson One - Intermediate Pronunciation. AUDIO
Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo. ¡Tú necesitas abrir la boca, hablar alto (loudly) y hablar con pasión! el pescado
el maletín
fracasar
el brazo
el recreo
jugar
la espalda
el cheque
oír
el correo electrónico
la tarjeta de crédito
salir
la batería
el significado
repetir
los muebles
la ciudad
tocar
el cambio
la estación
contar
la idea
la propina
dibujar
la causa
el producto
grande
el efecto
la venta
pequeño
las noticias
comenzar / empezar
corto
la gente
confiar
bajo
¡Sí, pronuncié las palabras con vida y pasión!
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2
Paso Dos
Vocabulary Building Favor de usar las Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Uno y practicar con las palabras 10 veces. CARDS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Yo terminé de usar las Tarjetas de Retención 10 veces por cada palabra.
Paso Tres Sentence Structure
Please play your audio marked Lesson one - Intermediate Instruction 1. AUDIO
Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo.
Dropping Pronouns It is most common for native speakers to simply use the verb without the pronoun to express which person they're talking about. This is true anytime that you use "yo," "tú," or "nosotros." This is not true when you use "él," "ella," "usted," "ustedes," "ellos" or "ellas," because the same ending is shared between three different people and you could get confused as to who you're talking about.
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3
¿Vas a comer? POR EJEMPLO
This must be for “tú” because “vas” is for “tú.” You really don’t need to say “Vas a comer tú?” Both are correct, however, it is common for people to drop the pronoun. Estamos en el aeropuerto. This must be for “nosotros” because the ending “amos” is only applied to “nosotros.” He caminado mucho. This must be for “yo” because “he” is only applied to “yo.” In the next two sentences you should use pronouns unless the context is established. Ellos han cocinado mucho en la cocina. You need to use the pronoun because if you just use the ending it could be “ellos,” “ellas,” or “ustedes.” Ella está en la oficina. Again, in this sentence you should use a pronoun unless the context has clearly established who we’re talking about. You need to use the pronoun because it could be “él,” “ella,” or “usted.” If the context is established then drop the pronoun no matter what.
TIP
Los muchachos están caminando ahora y van a comer a las cinco. you don’t need to say... Los muchachos están caminando y ellos van a comer a las cinco.
TIP
Throughout your writing exercises in this level we want you to drop the use of the Spanish pronouns “yo,” “tú,” and “nosotros.” It is certainly not incorrect to use the pronouns; it’s just that most native speakers drop them in normal speech unless they are trying to emphasize that person. Go ahead and put the pronouns for “usted,” “él,” “ella,” “ustedes,” “ellos,” and “ellas” unless the context is established. This will help you get used to doing this the way most native speakers do.
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4
Gustar, Encantar, Interesar Let’s talk about three very interesting and important action words, they are...”gustar, “encantar” and “interesar.”
• “Gustar” means “to like.” • “Encantar” means “to like a lot” or “to really like.” • “Interesar” means “to be interesting” or “to be interested in.”
These three words work in the same way, so I’m going to give you the pattern using “gustar,” and then we’ll apply it to “encantar” and “interesar.” TIP
Here are a few rules before we start doing this. They’ll sound strange when you first read them. Don’t worry about it, we’ll work through them, and this will become one of the easiest things in the world for you. Rule #1 - You make the action words “gustar,” “encantar” and “interesar” agree with the object of their affections, not the subject. Rule #2 - Instead of using “yo” use “a mí me.” Instead of using “tú” use “a tí te.” Instead of using “usted” use “a usted le.” Instead of using “él” use “a él le.” Instead of using “ella” use “a ella le.” Instead of using “nosotros” use “a nosotros nos.” Instead of using “ustedes” use “a ustedes les.” Instead of using “ellos” use “a ellos les.” Instead of using “ellas” use “a ellas les.” Work with me a little bit here as we review this: Instead of using “yo” use... Instead of using "tú" use... Instead of using “usted” use... Instead of using "él" use... Instead of using “ella” use... Instead of using "nosotros" use... Instead of using “ustedes” use... Instead of using "ellos" use...
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5
Now, when you put the actual verb after this lead-in you’ll need to make sure to do the following... Make the verb agree with the object, not the subject! TIP
The subject is the person or thing who is doing the action of liking, and the object is the person or thing that is receiving the action of liking. Let’s work through some examples when the object is singular. We’re using the verb “gustar.” I like the car.
POR EJEMPLO
A mí me gusta el carro.
Notice that it is “gusta” not “gusto” because it agrees with the object; “the car,” not “yo.” Again, “I” is doing the liking; “the car” (it) is what is being liked. It’s like saying, “to me, I like the car.” We like María.
A nosotros nos gusta María.
Again, we use “gusta” because it agrees with “María” (she), not with “nosotros.” This is almost like saying, “to us, we like María.” When you’re using “gustar” and the object is a person you don’t use the “personal a.” Ramón and María like the job. A Ramón y a María les gusta el trabajo. “Ramón y María” would be the same as “ellos,” so you say: “A Ramón y a María (ellos) les gusta el trabajo.” In this case, you simply use the proper names “Ramón” and “María” instead of the pronoun “ellos.” Let's take the same examples and make the objects plural. POR EJEMPLO
I like María and Ramón.
A mí me gustan María y Ramón.
Notice that it is “gustan” because the objects are “María y Ramón” (two people) that are being liked. Remember, you agree with the object! Also, if the object is a person do not use the “personal a” when you’re working with “gustar.” We like the cars.
A nosotros nos gustan los carros.
Use “gustan” because “carros” is plural and takes the same ending as “ellos” since you’re talking about more than one “carro.”
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6
Ricardo and Cecilia like their jobs. ____________________________________________________________ The same thing happens here as above; we use “gustan” because we are now talking about “sus trabajos.” It would be the same ending as with “ellos” since it is more than one person or thing.
TIP
By the way, if you’re saying that you or somebody else likes to do something and you want to use “gustar” as a “helping verb” you will always use “gusta.” like to learn. A mí me gusta aprender María likes to eat potatoes. A María le gusta comer papas.
POR EJEMPLO
We like to walk. A nosotros nos gusta caminar. One last note about “gustar,” any object that is after “gustar” must use an article.
TIP
I like coffee. A mí me gusta el café. A mí me gusta café.
Correcto Incorrecto
We like cars. POR EJEMPLO
A nosotros nos gustan los carros. A nosotros nos gustan carros.
Correcto Incorrecto
This is not difficult, it just takes a little practice to get to where you’re comfortable with normal things. Remember again the two rules... Rule #1 You make the action words “gustar,” “encantar” and “interesar” agree with the object of their affections, not the subject.
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Rule #2 Instead of using “yo” use “a mí me.” Instead of using “tú” use “a tí te.” Instead of using “usted” use “a usted le.” Instead of using “él” use “a él le.” Instead of using “ella” use “a ella le.” Instead of using “nosotros” use “a nosotros nos.” Instead of using “ustedes” use “a ustedes les.” Instead of using “ellos” use “a ellos les.” Instead of using “ellas” use “a ellas les.” Let's do a few practice runs with "encantar" and "interesar." Remember that "encantar" means "to like a lot" or "to really like," and "interesar" means "to be interested in." They both work exactly like the verb "gustar." That means that you make them agree with the object. I really like to read books. POR EJEMPLO
A mí me encanta leer libros.
He really likes the books.
A él le encantan los libros.
Rosa is interested in those people. A Rosa le interesa esa gente. I am interested in your success!
TIP
¡A mí me interesa su éxito!
Again, this is exactly the same in principle as with "gustar." You simply change to "encantar" when you want to say that you really like something or “interesar” when you are interested in something. Here's another important point. "Tú puedes usar estos verbos en todos los patrones." That means "you can use these verbs in all the patterns." I would like that a lot. A mí me encantaría eso.
POR EJEMPLO
I have liked the computers a lot. A mí me han encantado las computadoras.
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8
I am going to be interested in that party. A mí me va a interesar esa fiesta.
TIP
Ok, now that you’ve learned all the “a mí,” “a tí,” etc. stuff, I’m going to let you in on a little secret. Most people drop the “a mí”, “a tí” and “a nosotros” when they’re talking because the verb ending tells you who the subject is. This is the same situation that I explained to you regarding “dropping pronouns” at the beginning of this lesson. In other words, people normally say...
POR EJEMPLO
I would like that a lot. Me encantaría eso. I have liked the computers a lot. Me han encantado las computadoras. You are going to be interested in that party.
Te va a interesar esa fiesta.
We would like to walk in the park. Nos gustaría caminar en el parque.
TIP
I wanted you to learn it with those “a mí,” “a tí,” etc. because it is correct and people do use them. When you’re writing and talking you can drop them if you want. Either way is correct. As before, you need to use “a él, a ella, a usted” and “a ustedes, a ellos, a ellas” unless the context is clearly established.
Making Questions with Gustar, Encantar and Interesar You have a lot of flexibility in asking questions with these types of verbs. There are about three different ways to do this. If you’re speaking, simply inflect your voice.
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¿Te gusta el regalo?
(Drop the “a tí” and inflect your voice.)
¿A tí te gusta el regalo?
(Inflect your voice.)
¿Te gusta a tí el regalo? (Put the verb first and then the subject.)
TIP
Any of these three ways are fine, just find the way that is most comfortable for you. In your writing exercises we'll use the way in which you drop "a mí," "a tí," and "a nosotros." If you have an exercise that uses "usted, él, ella" or "ustedes, ellos, ellas," then use the pronouns "a él, a ella, etc." Also, put the verb first and then the subject. If someone asks you a question like...
¿Te gusta el regalo?
you can answer by saying either... "Sí, me gusta" or "Sí, me gusta el regalo." Either one is fine. Most people would say, "Sí, me gusta" simply because the context already establishes that you're talking about "el regalo" and you don't really need to repeat it.
TIP
It's just like in English. If somebody says to you "Do you like the gift?" You would probably say "Yes, I like it" rather than "Yes, I like the gift." The "it" is implied with "gusta" when you do it in Spanish.
Making Negatives with "Gustar," "Encantar" and "Interesar" To make negative statements with these types of verbs simply put "no" after the subject and before the verb. For example... "A María y a Ramón no les gustan los frijoles." If you want to ask a negative question with these verbs you can do it in a few different ways. Here's how... "¿No te gusta el regalo?" (Put “no” and drop “a tí.”) “A ti no te gusta el regalo?” (Put “no” after “a tí, a él, etc.”) “¿No te gusta a tí el regalo?” (Put “a tí, a él, etc.” after the verb.)
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These are the same three ways to ask questions that I explained above. The only thing is where to put “no.” TIP
Say this in Spanish...
I really like life!
¡Me encanta la vida!
Now, go back and re-read this lesson three times to develop greater comfort and understanding. ¡Te va a encantar! (You are really going to like it!)
Sí, leí la lección tres veces. Me encantó esta lección.
Paso Dos
Vocabulary Building Escribe las siguientes oraciones en español. Has cinco ejercicios y luego revisa (review) esos cinco. WRITING
1. I like the vegetables and the soup that are on the stove. ______________________________________________________________________ 2. They like those coats, but they really like these wallets. ______________________________________________________________________ 3. The adults really like to buy pets for their children. ______________________________________________________________________ 4. Maria liked to help her friends with their reports. ______________________________________________________________________ 5. We don’t like this weather when we have a game. ______________________________________________________________________ 6. They really like breakfast and lunch at that place, but they don’t like dinner. ______________________________________________________________________
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7. Our friends are interested in the photographs from the accident. ______________________________________________________________________ 8. He really likes this weather because he can play outside with his dogs. ______________________________________________________________________ 9. We liked to buy purses for our sisters. __________________________________________________________________________ 10. My manager is interested in the report about the factory. __________________________________________________________________________ 11. What did they really like at the party? __________________________________________________________________________ 12. Did he like to run on the street all the time with his dog? __________________________________________________________________________ 13. Do you (usted) like to change cups and glasses every year? __________________________________________________________________________ 14. Is your (tú) boss interested in your notes about the company? __________________________________________________________________________ 15. Do those students like to listen to their teachers every week? __________________________________________________________________________ 16. Why would she like to avoid an ugly accident at the factory? __________________________________________________________________________ 17. Does your (tú) brother really like that hat? __________________________________________________________________________ 18. Were they interested in the games on television? __________________________________________________________________________ 19. Are doctors interested in eyes, faces, feet, hands, heads and mouths? __________________________________________________________________________ 20. Would you (ustedes) like to order three hamburgers with potatoes and water? __________________________________________________________________________
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Escribe las respuestas (answers) en español. 21. ¿Le encanta al estudiante descansar a menudo? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 22. ¿No le gustaron a María esos vestidos en la tienda ayer? No,... __________________________________________________________________ 23. ¿Le gustó salir a ella con su mascota el año pasado? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 24. ¿Cuándo les gustaría trabajar a ustedes con el presupuesto? (en agosto) __________________________________________________________________ 25. ¿Le interesa al dueño el dinero que hay en el banco de la ciudad de San Antonio? No,... __________________________________________________________________ 26. ¿A quién le encantaría usar sal, pimienta y aceite en la ensalada? (a mí) __________________________________________________________________ 27. ¿Le interesa a todo el mundo progresar en su trabajo? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 28. ¿A dónde le ha gustado al maestro viajar para ganar dinero? (a Miami) __________________________________________________________________ 29. ¿Les ha gustado a ellos estar en la calle en la noche con sus padres? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 30. ¿A qué hora le gustaría al jefe tener los reportes mensuales? (a la una de la tarde) __________________________________________________________________
Sí, terminé con los ejercicios y me gusta escribir en español.
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13
Paso Cinco
Vocabulary Reinforcement Favor de hacer lo siguiente (Please do the following)... CARDS
Please check off each repetition that you do.
• Revisar las Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Uno cinco veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Doce del Nivel Básico cuatro veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Once del Nivel Básico tres veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Diez del Nivel Básico dos veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Nueve del Nivel Básico una vez.
Please check off each repetition that you do. Leccion Uno: Lección Doce: (Básico) Lección Once: (Básico) Lección Diez: (Básico) Lección Nueve: (Básico):
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
Tú puedes dejar (drop) las palabras de la Lección Ocho del Nivel Básico.
Sí, yo terminé con el Paso Cinco.
Paso Seis Paced Reading
Please play your audio marked Lesson one - Intermediate Paced Reading 1 Follow the instructions on the audio. AUDIO
Necesitas, como siempre (as always)... • seguir a tu instructor una a dos sílabas atrás, • y hablar con vida y pasión! Sí, terminé con el Paced Reading para esta lección.
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©2001-2016 Bilingual America • BilingualAmerica.com All Rights Reserved • Derechos Reservados
1
Paso Uno Pronunciation
Please play your audio marked Lesson One - Intermediate Pronunciation. AUDIO
Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo. ¡Tú necesitas abrir la boca, hablar alto (loudly) y hablar con pasión! el pescado
el maletín
fracasar
el brazo
el recreo
jugar
la espalda
el cheque
oír
el correo electrónico
la tarjeta de crédito
salir
la batería
el significado
repetir
los muebles
la ciudad
tocar
el cambio
la estación
contar
la idea
la propina
dibujar
la causa
el producto
grande
el efecto
la venta
pequeño
las noticias
comenzar / empezar
corto
la gente
confiar
bajo
¡Sí, pronuncié las palabras con vida y pasión!
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2
Paso Dos
Vocabulary Building Favor de usar las Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Uno y practicar con las palabras 10 veces. CARDS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Yo terminé de usar las Tarjetas de Retención 10 veces por cada palabra.
Paso Tres Sentence Structure
Please play your audio marked Lesson one - Intermediate Instruction 1. AUDIO
Follow the instructions that are given to you on the audio by Ricardo.
Dropping Pronouns It is most common for native speakers to simply use the verb without the pronoun to express which person they're talking about. This is true anytime that you use "yo," "tú," or "nosotros." This is not true when you use "él," "ella," "usted," "ustedes," "ellos" or "ellas," because the same ending is shared between three different people and you could get confused as to who you're talking about.
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3
¿Vas a comer? POR EJEMPLO
This must be for “tú” because “vas” is for “tú.” You really don’t need to say “Vas a comer tú?” Both are correct, however, it is common for people to drop the pronoun. Estamos en el aeropuerto. This must be for “nosotros” because the ending “amos” is only applied to “nosotros.” He caminado mucho. This must be for “yo” because “he” is only applied to “yo.” In the next two sentences you should use pronouns unless the context is established. Ellos han cocinado mucho en la cocina. You need to use the pronoun because if you just use the ending it could be “ellos,” “ellas,” or “ustedes.” Ella está en la oficina. Again, in this sentence you should use a pronoun unless the context has clearly established who we’re talking about. You need to use the pronoun because it could be “él,” “ella,” or “usted.” If the context is established then drop the pronoun no matter what.
TIP
Los muchachos están caminando ahora y van a comer a las cinco. you don’t need to say... Los muchachos están caminando y ellos van a comer a las cinco.
TIP
Throughout your writing exercises in this level we want you to drop the use of the Spanish pronouns “yo,” “tú,” and “nosotros.” It is certainly not incorrect to use the pronouns; it’s just that most native speakers drop them in normal speech unless they are trying to emphasize that person. Go ahead and put the pronouns for “usted,” “él,” “ella,” “ustedes,” “ellos,” and “ellas” unless the context is established. This will help you get used to doing this the way most native speakers do.
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4
Gustar, Encantar, Interesar Let’s talk about three very interesting and important action words, they are...”gustar, “encantar” and “interesar.”
• “Gustar” means “to like.” • “Encantar” means “to like a lot” or “to really like.” • “Interesar” means “to be interesting” or “to be interested in.”
These three words work in the same way, so I’m going to give you the pattern using “gustar,” and then we’ll apply it to “encantar” and “interesar.” TIP
Here are a few rules before we start doing this. They’ll sound strange when you first read them. Don’t worry about it, we’ll work through them, and this will become one of the easiest things in the world for you. Rule #1 - You make the action words “gustar,” “encantar” and “interesar” agree with the object of their affections, not the subject. Rule #2 - Instead of using “yo” use “a mí me.” Instead of using “tú” use “a tí te.” Instead of using “usted” use “a usted le.” Instead of using “él” use “a él le.” Instead of using “ella” use “a ella le.” Instead of using “nosotros” use “a nosotros nos.” Instead of using “ustedes” use “a ustedes les.” Instead of using “ellos” use “a ellos les.” Instead of using “ellas” use “a ellas les.” Work with me a little bit here as we review this: Instead of using “yo” use... Instead of using "tú" use... Instead of using “usted” use... Instead of using "él" use... Instead of using “ella” use... Instead of using "nosotros" use... Instead of using “ustedes” use... Instead of using "ellos" use...
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5
Now, when you put the actual verb after this lead-in you’ll need to make sure to do the following... Make the verb agree with the object, not the subject! TIP
The subject is the person or thing who is doing the action of liking, and the object is the person or thing that is receiving the action of liking. Let’s work through some examples when the object is singular. We’re using the verb “gustar.” I like the car.
POR EJEMPLO
A mí me gusta el carro.
Notice that it is “gusta” not “gusto” because it agrees with the object; “the car,” not “yo.” Again, “I” is doing the liking; “the car” (it) is what is being liked. It’s like saying, “to me, I like the car.” We like María.
A nosotros nos gusta María.
Again, we use “gusta” because it agrees with “María” (she), not with “nosotros.” This is almost like saying, “to us, we like María.” When you’re using “gustar” and the object is a person you don’t use the “personal a.” Ramón and María like the job. A Ramón y a María les gusta el trabajo. “Ramón y María” would be the same as “ellos,” so you say: “A Ramón y a María (ellos) les gusta el trabajo.” In this case, you simply use the proper names “Ramón” and “María” instead of the pronoun “ellos.” Let's take the same examples and make the objects plural. POR EJEMPLO
I like María and Ramón.
A mí me gustan María y Ramón.
Notice that it is “gustan” because the objects are “María y Ramón” (two people) that are being liked. Remember, you agree with the object! Also, if the object is a person do not use the “personal a” when you’re working with “gustar.” We like the cars.
A nosotros nos gustan los carros.
Use “gustan” because “carros” is plural and takes the same ending as “ellos” since you’re talking about more than one “carro.”
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6
Ricardo and Cecilia like their jobs. ____________________________________________________________ The same thing happens here as above; we use “gustan” because we are now talking about “sus trabajos.” It would be the same ending as with “ellos” since it is more than one person or thing.
TIP
By the way, if you’re saying that you or somebody else likes to do something and you want to use “gustar” as a “helping verb” you will always use “gusta.” like to learn. A mí me gusta aprender María likes to eat potatoes. A María le gusta comer papas.
POR EJEMPLO
We like to walk. A nosotros nos gusta caminar. One last note about “gustar,” any object that is after “gustar” must use an article.
TIP
I like coffee. A mí me gusta el café. A mí me gusta café.
Correcto Incorrecto
We like cars. POR EJEMPLO
A nosotros nos gustan los carros. A nosotros nos gustan carros.
Correcto Incorrecto
This is not difficult, it just takes a little practice to get to where you’re comfortable with normal things. Remember again the two rules... Rule #1 You make the action words “gustar,” “encantar” and “interesar” agree with the object of their affections, not the subject.
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7
Rule #2 Instead of using “yo” use “a mí me.” Instead of using “tú” use “a tí te.” Instead of using “usted” use “a usted le.” Instead of using “él” use “a él le.” Instead of using “ella” use “a ella le.” Instead of using “nosotros” use “a nosotros nos.” Instead of using “ustedes” use “a ustedes les.” Instead of using “ellos” use “a ellos les.” Instead of using “ellas” use “a ellas les.” Let's do a few practice runs with "encantar" and "interesar." Remember that "encantar" means "to like a lot" or "to really like," and "interesar" means "to be interested in." They both work exactly like the verb "gustar." That means that you make them agree with the object. I really like to read books. POR EJEMPLO
A mí me encanta leer libros.
He really likes the books.
A él le encantan los libros.
Rosa is interested in those people. A Rosa le interesa esa gente. I am interested in your success!
TIP
¡A mí me interesa su éxito!
Again, this is exactly the same in principle as with "gustar." You simply change to "encantar" when you want to say that you really like something or “interesar” when you are interested in something. Here's another important point. "Tú puedes usar estos verbos en todos los patrones." That means "you can use these verbs in all the patterns." I would like that a lot. A mí me encantaría eso.
POR EJEMPLO
I have liked the computers a lot. A mí me han encantado las computadoras.
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8
I am going to be interested in that party. A mí me va a interesar esa fiesta.
TIP
Ok, now that you’ve learned all the “a mí,” “a tí,” etc. stuff, I’m going to let you in on a little secret. Most people drop the “a mí”, “a tí” and “a nosotros” when they’re talking because the verb ending tells you who the subject is. This is the same situation that I explained to you regarding “dropping pronouns” at the beginning of this lesson. In other words, people normally say...
POR EJEMPLO
I would like that a lot. Me encantaría eso. I have liked the computers a lot. Me han encantado las computadoras. You are going to be interested in that party.
Te va a interesar esa fiesta.
We would like to walk in the park. Nos gustaría caminar en el parque.
TIP
I wanted you to learn it with those “a mí,” “a tí,” etc. because it is correct and people do use them. When you’re writing and talking you can drop them if you want. Either way is correct. As before, you need to use “a él, a ella, a usted” and “a ustedes, a ellos, a ellas” unless the context is clearly established.
Making Questions with Gustar, Encantar and Interesar You have a lot of flexibility in asking questions with these types of verbs. There are about three different ways to do this. If you’re speaking, simply inflect your voice.
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¿Te gusta el regalo?
(Drop the “a tí” and inflect your voice.)
¿A tí te gusta el regalo?
(Inflect your voice.)
¿Te gusta a tí el regalo? (Put the verb first and then the subject.)
TIP
Any of these three ways are fine, just find the way that is most comfortable for you. In your writing exercises we'll use the way in which you drop "a mí," "a tí," and "a nosotros." If you have an exercise that uses "usted, él, ella" or "ustedes, ellos, ellas," then use the pronouns "a él, a ella, etc." Also, put the verb first and then the subject. If someone asks you a question like...
¿Te gusta el regalo?
you can answer by saying either... "Sí, me gusta" or "Sí, me gusta el regalo." Either one is fine. Most people would say, "Sí, me gusta" simply because the context already establishes that you're talking about "el regalo" and you don't really need to repeat it.
TIP
It's just like in English. If somebody says to you "Do you like the gift?" You would probably say "Yes, I like it" rather than "Yes, I like the gift." The "it" is implied with "gusta" when you do it in Spanish.
Making Negatives with "Gustar," "Encantar" and "Interesar" To make negative statements with these types of verbs simply put "no" after the subject and before the verb. For example... "A María y a Ramón no les gustan los frijoles." If you want to ask a negative question with these verbs you can do it in a few different ways. Here's how... "¿No te gusta el regalo?" (Put “no” and drop “a tí.”) “A ti no te gusta el regalo?” (Put “no” after “a tí, a él, etc.”) “¿No te gusta a tí el regalo?” (Put “a tí, a él, etc.” after the verb.)
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These are the same three ways to ask questions that I explained above. The only thing is where to put “no.” TIP
Say this in Spanish...
I really like life!
¡Me encanta la vida!
Now, go back and re-read this lesson three times to develop greater comfort and understanding. ¡Te va a encantar! (You are really going to like it!)
Sí, leí la lección tres veces. Me encantó esta lección.
Paso Dos
Vocabulary Building Escribe las siguientes oraciones en español. Has cinco ejercicios y luego revisa (review) esos cinco. WRITING
1. I like the vegetables and the soup that are on the stove. ______________________________________________________________________ 2. They like those coats, but they really like these wallets. ______________________________________________________________________ 3. The adults really like to buy pets for their children. ______________________________________________________________________ 4. Maria liked to help her friends with their reports. ______________________________________________________________________ 5. We don’t like this weather when we have a game. ______________________________________________________________________ 6. They really like breakfast and lunch at that place, but they don’t like dinner. ______________________________________________________________________
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7. Our friends are interested in the photographs from the accident. ______________________________________________________________________ 8. He really likes this weather because he can play outside with his dogs. ______________________________________________________________________ 9. We liked to buy purses for our sisters. __________________________________________________________________________ 10. My manager is interested in the report about the factory. __________________________________________________________________________ 11. What did they really like at the party? __________________________________________________________________________ 12. Did he like to run on the street all the time with his dog? __________________________________________________________________________ 13. Do you (usted) like to change cups and glasses every year? __________________________________________________________________________ 14. Is your (tú) boss interested in your notes about the company? __________________________________________________________________________ 15. Do those students like to listen to their teachers every week? __________________________________________________________________________ 16. Why would she like to avoid an ugly accident at the factory? __________________________________________________________________________ 17. Does your (tú) brother really like that hat? __________________________________________________________________________ 18. Were they interested in the games on television? __________________________________________________________________________ 19. Are doctors interested in eyes, faces, feet, hands, heads and mouths? __________________________________________________________________________ 20. Would you (ustedes) like to order three hamburgers with potatoes and water? __________________________________________________________________________
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Escribe las respuestas (answers) en español. 21. ¿Le encanta al estudiante descansar a menudo? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 22. ¿No le gustaron a María esos vestidos en la tienda ayer? No,... __________________________________________________________________ 23. ¿Le gustó salir a ella con su mascota el año pasado? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 24. ¿Cuándo les gustaría trabajar a ustedes con el presupuesto? (en agosto) __________________________________________________________________ 25. ¿Le interesa al dueño el dinero que hay en el banco de la ciudad de San Antonio? No,... __________________________________________________________________ 26. ¿A quién le encantaría usar sal, pimienta y aceite en la ensalada? (a mí) __________________________________________________________________ 27. ¿Le interesa a todo el mundo progresar en su trabajo? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 28. ¿A dónde le ha gustado al maestro viajar para ganar dinero? (a Miami) __________________________________________________________________ 29. ¿Les ha gustado a ellos estar en la calle en la noche con sus padres? Sí,... __________________________________________________________________ 30. ¿A qué hora le gustaría al jefe tener los reportes mensuales? (a la una de la tarde) __________________________________________________________________
Sí, terminé con los ejercicios y me gusta escribir en español.
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Paso Cinco
Vocabulary Reinforcement Favor de hacer lo siguiente (Please do the following)... CARDS
Please check off each repetition that you do.
• Revisar las Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Uno cinco veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Doce del Nivel Básico cuatro veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Once del Nivel Básico tres veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Diez del Nivel Básico dos veces. • Revisarlas Tarjetas de Retención para la Lección Nueve del Nivel Básico una vez.
Please check off each repetition that you do. Leccion Uno: Lección Doce: (Básico) Lección Once: (Básico) Lección Diez: (Básico) Lección Nueve: (Básico):
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
Tú puedes dejar (drop) las palabras de la Lección Ocho del Nivel Básico.
Sí, yo terminé con el Paso Cinco.
Paso Seis Paced Reading
Please play your audio marked Lesson one - Intermediate Paced Reading 1 Follow the instructions on the audio. AUDIO
Necesitas, como siempre (as always)... • seguir a tu instructor una a dos sílabas atrás, • y hablar con vida y pasión! Sí, terminé con el Paced Reading para esta lección.
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